本文選題：沿空留巷　切入點：巷旁支護　出處：《西安科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：沿空留巷巷旁支護采取大砌體混凝土構(gòu)造,克服了現(xiàn)有巷旁支護體不能同時具有結(jié)構(gòu)早強、無粉塵、勞動強度小以及快速機械化施工的問題。為此研究大砌體結(jié)構(gòu)作為巷旁支護體的力學(xué)特征要求,并在此研究基礎(chǔ)上進行了工業(yè)試驗。首先從沿空留巷上覆巖層的垮落活動規(guī)律入手,分析得出被動垮落比主動垮落難控制,應(yīng)及時沿支護體的外側(cè)切斷放頂來減小上覆巖層垮落時的壓力。通過對上覆巖層的運動規(guī)律與巷旁支護體的互相作用進行分析,明確了沿空留巷巷旁支護體的力學(xué)性能是承載力和變形配合作用下的函數(shù)關(guān)系。通過對巷旁支護體在初期支護、切頂支護和后期支護三個時期的工作阻力分別建立力學(xué)計算模型,推導(dǎo)了三個時期的工作阻力表達式,對比得出,切頂阻力結(jié)果是最大的,應(yīng)作為設(shè)計巷旁支護大砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的技術(shù)參數(shù)。針對大砌體結(jié)構(gòu),運用Hilsdorf破壞理論計算得出抗壓強度和承載力求解方法,并在巷道頂?shù)装鍙姸群拖锱灾ёo強度相匹配原則指導(dǎo)下,確定了巷旁支護大砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的寬度存在一個合理的范圍,得出設(shè)計巷旁支護砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的流程。采用數(shù)值模擬軟件對整體墻和大砌塊墻體進行研究發(fā)現(xiàn),大砌體結(jié)構(gòu)比整體承載性能變化不大,但在砂漿層和砌塊的附近會產(chǎn)生較大的橫向拉應(yīng)力,成為結(jié)構(gòu)中的薄弱部位,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),砂漿和砌塊的強度越相接近,會使整個砌體構(gòu)筑物的受力越發(fā)均勻合理。因此在設(shè)計巷旁支護大砌體構(gòu)筑物時應(yīng)把砌塊和砂漿的強度盡量接近。在砌塊和砂漿的強度等級不變下,砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的抗壓強度會隨構(gòu)筑層數(shù)的增加而下降,五層的砌體強度會比三層的砌體強度降低4.6%左右,十二層的砌體強度會比三層的砌體強度降低6.8%左右,進一步說明了大砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的可行性。最后結(jié)合龍礦集團盤道煤礦3203工作面的實際地質(zhì)情況和以上研究成果,對3203工作面采用大砌體裝配結(jié)構(gòu)隔離墻成套技術(shù)進行了工程實踐,較小的巷道變形量滿足了留巷要求和可觀的經(jīng)濟效益,同時對留巷機械化作業(yè)提供了寶貴的經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:The large masonry concrete structure is adopted to support the roadway side along the goaf, which overcomes the fact that the existing roadway side support can not have early strength and no dust at the same time. The problems of low labor intensity and rapid mechanization construction are discussed. This paper studies the requirements of large masonry structure as the mechanical characteristics of roadway side brace. On the basis of this research, the industrial test is carried out. Firstly, from the law of collapse activity of overlying strata along goaf roadway, it is concluded that passive caving is better than active collapse control. It is necessary to cut off the roof and caving along the lateral side of the supporting body in time to reduce the pressure when the overlying rock falls. The interaction between the movement of the overlying rock and the supporting body beside the roadway is analyzed. It is clear that the mechanical properties of the side support of roadway along the gob is the functional relation under the combination of bearing capacity and deformation. The working resistance in the three periods of roof cutting support and late support is established respectively, and the working resistance expression of the three periods is deduced. The comparison shows that the result of roof cutting resistance is the largest. It should be regarded as the technical parameter of designing roadway side support large masonry structure. According to the large masonry structure, the calculation method of compressive strength and bearing capacity is obtained by using Hilsdorf failure theory, and under the guidance of matching principle between roof and floor strength and support strength beside roadway, It is determined that there is a reasonable range of the width of roadway side support masonry structure, and the flow of designing roadway side support masonry structure is obtained. The whole wall and large block wall are studied by numerical simulation software. The load-bearing performance of large masonry structure is not much different from that of the whole structure, but large transverse tensile stress will be produced near the mortar layer and block, which will become the weak part of the structure. It is found that the strength of mortar and block is closer to each other. Therefore, the strength of block and mortar should be as close as possible in the design of large masonry structure by roadway. The compressive strength of masonry structure will decrease with the increase of building floor, the masonry strength of five stories will be about 4.6% lower than that of three-story masonry, and the masonry strength of 12 stories will be about 6.8% lower than that of three-story masonry. The feasibility of large masonry structure is further explained. Finally, combined with the actual geological conditions and the above research results of 3203 face of Pandao Coal Mine of Longshan Coal Mine Group, the complete set of technology of wall of large masonry assembly structure is used in 3203 face for engineering practice. The small amount of roadway deformation meets the requirements of roadway retention and considerable economic benefits, and provides valuable experience for mechanization of roadway retention.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD353

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