本文選題：沖擊地壓　切入點：斷層失穩(wěn)　出處：《山東科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著礦井開采深度的逐漸增加,工作面回采和巷道掘進過程中揭露的斷層構(gòu)造顯著增加,然而這些斷層構(gòu)造往往處于非穩(wěn)定平衡狀態(tài),開采極易使得斷層活化,從而誘發(fā)沖擊。因此,本論文采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬及現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測方法,研究了斷層控制區(qū)受采動影響誘發(fā)沖擊危險機制及其防治技術(shù)。取得如下主要研究成果:(1)基于庫侖-摩爾定律,分析了斷層單元體應力狀態(tài)及斷層面正、切應力狀態(tài),并運用算理分析法,獲得了斷層面正、切應力與斷層傾角及單元體應力之間的變化規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:巖體內(nèi)最小主應力越大,則最大主應力變化曲線向上的“開口”越小,則巖體發(fā)生破壞的可能性越大;斷層面正應力與切應力均隨斷層面傾角的增加而呈類雙曲線趨勢降低,且降低程度不斷增加。(2)運用剪切失穩(wěn)理論,對比分析了斷層面切應力與正應力之間的比值與斷層內(nèi)摩擦角正切值大小,探討了斷層沖擊失穩(wěn)特性;同時運用尖點突變理論,估算了斷層沖擊失穩(wěn)時能量釋放量及震級。結(jié)果表明:斷層沖擊地壓能量釋放量隨比值n及巖體均質(zhì)度m變化,呈類雙曲線形趨勢變化,且隨著比值n的增大而逐漸減小;當巖體均質(zhì)度m—定時,斷層沖擊地壓能量釋放量隨著比值n的減小而逐漸增加,即斷層帶寬度越大,斷層沖擊失穩(wěn)釋放的能量則越小。(3)利用FLAC數(shù)值軟件,模擬分析了正逆斷層、斷層傾角及斷層落差變化下煤壁前方及煤層與斷層交界處的垂直應力和彈性應變能密度的演化規(guī)律,并探討了其對斷層穩(wěn)定性的影響。結(jié)果表明:在同一煤巖體參數(shù)及工作面布置條件下,斷層落差變化對煤體垂直應力及彈性應變能的影響最大,斷層傾角變化次之,正逆斷層的影響最小,而且在斷層控制區(qū)域采動誘發(fā)的沖擊危險性逐漸降低。(4)依據(jù)工作面地質(zhì)條件和開采技術(shù)條件,運用綜合指數(shù)法和可能性指數(shù)診斷法評價了工作面開采范圍內(nèi)的沖擊危險性和分析了其誘發(fā)因素;同時模擬研究了鉆孔間距和鉆孔直徑變化對鉆孔卸壓效果的影響。結(jié)果表明:對于一定的地質(zhì)條件而言,鉆孔間距越小,鉆孔直徑越大,則鉆孔卸壓效果越明顯;鉆孔卸壓后,鉆孔圍巖應力鉆孔兩端部分較中部鉆孔圍巖應力小,呈單峰變化。
[Abstract]:With the gradual increase of mining depth, the fault structures exposed in the mining face and roadway excavation process increase significantly. However, these fault structures are often in an unstable equilibrium state, mining is easy to make the fault activation, Therefore, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field monitoring methods are used in this paper. In this paper, the mechanism of impact hazard induced by mining in fault control area and its prevention techniques are studied. The main research results are as follows: 1) based on Cullen Moore's law, the stress state of fault unit and the normal and shear stress state of fault plane are analyzed. The variation law of normal shear stress, fault dip angle and element stress in fracture plane is obtained by using the method of calculation. The results show that the larger the minimum principal stress in rock, the smaller the "opening" of the upward curve of maximum principal stress. The higher the possibility of rock mass failure is, the more the normal stress and shear stress of fault plane decrease with the increase of dip angle of fault plane, and the degree of decrease is increasing. 2) the theory of shear instability is used. The ratio of shear stress to normal stress in fracture plane and the tangent value of internal friction angle of fault are compared and analyzed, and the characteristics of fault impact instability are discussed, and the cusp catastrophe theory is used. The energy release and magnitude are estimated during the impact instability of the fault. The results show that the energy release of the fault impact ground pressure varies with the ratio n and the rock mass homogeneity m, and changes in a hyperbolic trend, and decreases gradually with the increase of the ratio n. When the rock mass homogeneity is m-timing, the energy release of the rock burst increases with the decrease of the ratio n, that is, the larger the width of the fault zone, the smaller the energy released by the impact instability.) using the FLAC numerical software, the positive reverse fault is simulated and analyzed. The evolution law of vertical stress and elastic strain energy density in front of coal wall and at the junction of coal seam and fault under the change of fault dip angle and fault drop. The results show that the variation of fault drop has the greatest influence on vertical stress and elastic strain energy of coal body under the same coal and rock mass parameters and working face arrangement, and the change of fault dip angle is the second. The impact of the reverse fault is the least, and the impact risk induced by mining in the fault control area is gradually reduced. (4) according to the geological conditions of the face and the technical conditions of the mining, The comprehensive index method and possibility index diagnosis method are used to evaluate the impact risk in the mining area of the working face and to analyze its inducing factors. At the same time, the influence of the variation of borehole spacing and diameter on the borehole pressure relief effect is studied. The results show that the smaller the borehole spacing, the larger the borehole diameter, the more obvious the borehole relief effect is. The stress of the borehole surrounding rock is smaller than that of the central borehole, showing a single peak variation.
【學位授予單位】：山東科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD324

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王愛文;潘一山;李忠華;劉春生;韓榮軍;呂祥鋒;盧紅旗;;斷層作用下深部開采誘發(fā)沖擊地壓相似試驗研究[J];巖土力學;2014年09期

2 姜耀東;潘一山;姜福興;竇林名;鞠楊;;我國煤炭開采中的沖擊地壓機理和防治[J];煤炭學報;2014年02期

3 沈超;鄧廣哲;;高壓注水防治沖擊地壓的數(shù)值模擬[J];煤礦安全;2013年07期

4 潘一山;唐治;李忠華;朱麗媛;李國臻;;不同加載速率下煤巖單軸壓縮電荷感應規(guī)律研究[J];地球物理學報;2013年03期

5 毛德兵;陳法兵;;采動影響下斷層活化規(guī)律及其誘發(fā)沖擊地壓的防治[J];煤礦開采;2013年01期

6 周明杰;徐濤;鄭樹良;張立新;;開采保護層防治沖擊地壓的機理分析[J];雞西大學學報;2012年11期

7 曲效成;姜福興;于正興;鞠紅陽;;基于當量鉆屑法的沖擊地壓監(jiān)測預警技術(shù)研究及應用[J];巖石力學與工程學報;2011年11期

8 吳向前;竇林名;賀虎;張士斌;桂兵;鄭有雷;;濟三煤礦深孔定向水力致裂防沖技術(shù)[J];中國煤炭;2011年10期

9 蔡武;竇林名;韓榮軍;張國華;李許偉;;基于損傷統(tǒng)計本構(gòu)模型的煤層沖擊傾向性研究[J];煤炭學報;2011年S2期

10 賀虎;竇林名;鞏思園;周澎;薛再君;何江;;沖擊礦壓的聲發(fā)射監(jiān)測技術(shù)研究[J];巖土力學;2011年04期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 何江;煤礦采動動載對煤巖體的作用及誘沖機理研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學;2013年

2 潘立友;沖擊地壓前兆信息的可識別性研究及應用[D];山東科技大學;2003年

，

本文編號：1663324