發(fā)布時間：2018-03-24 21:38

  本文選題：巷道變形分區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：應(yīng)變軟化模型　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：長期以來,軟巖巷道(隧道)圍巖變形分區(qū)的研究在國內(nèi)外始終是一個較熱的論題。自上世紀(jì)30年代至今的90余年里,圍繞這一論題數(shù)百位專家學(xué)者進(jìn)行了多方位、多角度的鉆研,公開發(fā)表了數(shù)百篇學(xué)術(shù)論文,產(chǎn)生了很多研究成果。其中代表性的成果主要有芬涅爾計算公式、松動圈理論、三階段應(yīng)變軟化模型、四階段應(yīng)變軟化模型等,這些成果對巷道(隧道)支護(hù)理論與技術(shù)的發(fā)展均產(chǎn)生了重要影響。不可否認(rèn),該論題的研究目前仍然處于一個發(fā)展階段,其中某些問題依然明顯地存在著需要商榷的地方,具體可以概括為5個方面:(1)作為分區(qū)研究基礎(chǔ)的"三階段應(yīng)變軟化模型"和"四階段應(yīng)變軟化模型"均沒有考慮到巖石的蠕變特性,而是以快速加載情況下獲得的巖石的峰值抗壓強(qiáng)度作為模型的峰值應(yīng)力,忽視了圍巖的實(shí)際受力狀態(tài)與快速加載情況之間的差異性,忽略了巖石在長期持續(xù)載荷作用下存在穩(wěn)定蠕變上下閾值這一重要客觀事實(shí)。(2)在進(jìn)行分區(qū)邊界位置的確定時,對塑性軟化區(qū)域的巖石內(nèi)摩擦角和粘聚力的變化情況認(rèn)識不清,形成了多種不客觀的研究假設(shè);(3)沒能很好地理解"塑性流動區(qū)應(yīng)力計算公式與地應(yīng)力無關(guān)"這一重要研究成果的深層含義,錯誤地將該區(qū)域內(nèi)應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律與地應(yīng)力無關(guān)理解為"塑性流動區(qū)內(nèi)應(yīng)力與地應(yīng)力無關(guān)"。(4)忽視了圍巖穩(wěn)定蠕變終止軌跡線的存在。(5)確定變形分區(qū)邊界位置的解析公式中依然存在著需要主觀規(guī)定的元素。針對上述存在的問題,文章以基于蠕變特性的圍巖變形分區(qū)邊界位置的確定和應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律的獲得為目標(biāo),對圍巖塑性軟化階段內(nèi)摩擦角和粘聚力變化規(guī)律、基于蠕變特性的圍巖應(yīng)變軟化模型和各分區(qū)應(yīng)力和位移分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了較為深入的理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,最后又以淮南礦區(qū)千米深井(潘一東煤礦)-848m充電整流硐室為研究對象較為詳細(xì)地介紹了本文理論的實(shí)踐應(yīng)用。獲得了 7個重要研究成果:(1)論證了圍巖塑性軟化階段內(nèi)摩擦角變化很小、粘聚力下降很大的觀點(diǎn),對"粘聚力與內(nèi)摩擦角的變化趨勢與巖石強(qiáng)度的變化趨勢應(yīng)保持一致"的觀點(diǎn)給予了糾正。(2)基于圍巖應(yīng)變軟化模型中應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變之間的線性關(guān)系,推論獲得塑性軟化階段環(huán)向應(yīng)力與徑向應(yīng)力之間存在線性關(guān)系這一重要性質(zhì),同時論證了該階段粘聚力軟化模量為一常量的性質(zhì)。(3)揭示了圍巖中穩(wěn)定蠕變上下閾值的存在,創(chuàng)建了符合圍巖實(shí)際受力情況及巖石力學(xué)性質(zhì)的"圍巖4階段應(yīng)變軟化新模型"。(4)給出了各種類型變形分區(qū)產(chǎn)生的條件,推導(dǎo)出了各分區(qū)應(yīng)力分布規(guī)律的解析式和位移分布規(guī)律的解析式。(5)結(jié)合不同圍壓下峰值抗壓強(qiáng)度擬合直線、穩(wěn)定蠕變上下閾值擬合直線和殘余強(qiáng)度擬合直線,建立了圍巖分區(qū)類型分析與邊界應(yīng)力確定示意圖。利用這一示意圖可以十分簡單地通過圖解法和解析法獲得圍巖變形分區(qū)的類型和分區(qū)界面應(yīng)力的數(shù)值。(6)系統(tǒng)而全面地給出了各分區(qū)邊界應(yīng)力和邊界位置的求解公式及相應(yīng)的推導(dǎo)過程,為巷道(隧道)支護(hù)參數(shù)的量化設(shè)計提供了很好的理論依據(jù)。針對各種分區(qū)類型和支護(hù)強(qiáng)度,明確了巷道內(nèi)邊緣環(huán)向應(yīng)力在圍巖4階段應(yīng)變軟化模型中的對應(yīng)位置,使得圍巖變形機(jī)理的研究步入了真正意義上的量化研究范疇。(7)給出了套筒致裂單孔三維地應(yīng)力測試的原理與方法。通過具體實(shí)例,詳細(xì)地給出了圍巖分區(qū)類型、分區(qū)邊界應(yīng)力和邊界位置的確定方法,通過求解結(jié)果與現(xiàn)場實(shí)測結(jié)果及數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的對比,論證了本文理論和方法的科學(xué)性和可靠性。文章的研究方法體現(xiàn)了兩個基本特征。首先是理論、試驗(yàn)和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合的特征。整篇文章以理論分析為主線,試驗(yàn)研究貫穿其中,現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用輔以說明。第二個特征是理論分析以變形穩(wěn)定后的圍巖為對象,不考慮圍巖復(fù)雜、多變的流變過程。整個研究中涉及蠕變的參數(shù)僅有"穩(wěn)定蠕變上、下閾值"兩個,不僅使得研究思路更加清晰,同時也最大程度地簡化了研究過程。本文的研究成果對煤礦軟巖巷道(隧道)變形機(jī)理的量化研究和支護(hù)參數(shù)的量化設(shè)計具有重要的價值。
[Abstract]:For a long time, soft rock tunnel (tunnel) study on surrounding rock deformation partition at home and abroad is always a hot topic. Since the last century since 30s, more than 90 years, around the topic of hundreds of experts and scholars conducted a multi-faceted, multi angle study, published hundreds of papers, the a lot of research results. The principal results of the calculation formula of Fennieer, loose circle theory, three stage strain softening model, four stage strain softening model, the results of the tunnel (tunnel) support theory and technology development have made important influence. It is undeniable that this research is still in the a stage of development, some problems still has the obvious need to discuss the specific place, can be summarized as 5 aspects: (1) as the basis for division of "three stage strain softening model" and "four stages of strain softening The model does not take into account the creep characteristics of rock, but in the case of rapid loading of rock peak strength as a model of the peak stress, the difference between the actual neglect of surrounding rock stress state and fast loading, ignoring the existence of stable rock creep under the threshold of this important fact in the long term continuous loading. (2) in determining the partition boundary, the plastic softening zone of rock changes of internal friction angle and cohesion is unclear, the formation of a variety of hypotheses not objective; (3) did not have a good understanding of plastic flow stress calculation formula with the deep meaning of "stress independent of this important research results, the error area stress distribution and the stress not understood as" plastic flow stress and stress free. "(4) ignored the rock steady creep termination Traces of existence. (5) to determine the analytical formulae of the deformation partition boundary positions still need subjective definition elements. In view of the above problems, this paper based on the characteristics of rock creep deformation to obtain partition boundary positions and stress distribution as the goal, to the surrounding rock plastic softening stage internal friction angle the cohesion and the variation of the creep properties of rock strain softening model and regional distribution of stress and displacement are investigated theoretically and experimentally based on in-depth, and finally to Huainan mining area of 1000m deep (Pan Yidong coal mine) -848m charging rectifier chamber as the research object is introduced in detail. The practical application of the theory. 7 important findings: (1) demonstrated the rock plastic softening stage variation of internal friction angle is small, the cohesion decreased greatly, changes of cohesion and internal friction angel The change trend of rock strength and should be consistent point of view gives correct. (2) the relationships between stress and strain between the model of rock strain softening based on inferences obtained plastic softening stage of circumferential stress and radial stress are the important properties of the linear relationship between, and demonstrates the stage stick for a constant cohesion softening modulus properties. (3) revealed the presence of stable creep threshold of surrounding rock, created in line with the actual rock stress and rock mechanics of surrounding rock "4 stage". The new strain softening model (4) of various types of deformation partitions to create conditions are given, derived the analytical formula of partition stress distribution equation and displacement distribution. (5) with the peak strength of linear fitting different confining pressure, stable creep under threshold linear fitting and residual strength of fitting a straight line, built the zonal Schematic diagram of stress type and boundary. Using this schematic can be very simple to obtain numerical zonal type and partition interface deformation stress by graphic method and analytic method. (6) systematically gives each partition boundary should be solving formula of force and the location of the boundary and derivation of the corresponding tunnel (tunnel), which provides a good theoretical basis for quantitative design of supporting parameters. According to the partition type and supporting intensity, the roadway edge hoop stress in the surrounding rock strain softening stage 4 corresponding position in the model, makes the research on the deformation mechanism of surrounding rock into the category of quantitative research on real significance the. (7) gives the sleeve fracturing principle and test method of 3D geostress of single hole. Through concrete examples, detailed rock partition type is given, a method for determining stress partition boundary and the boundary position, by seeking Comparison of solution results with experimental results and numerical simulation results, proving the correctness and reliability of the theory and method in this paper. The research method of this article reflects the two basic characteristics. First is the theory and practice of combining the characteristics of the test. With the theoretical analysis as the main line, which runs through the experimental research, supplemented by field application the second feature is described. Theoretical analysis on the deformation of surrounding rock stability after the object, without considering the complex surrounding rock, the rheological process variable. The creep parameters of the whole study involved only "steady creep, under the threshold of two, not only makes the research ideas more clearly, but also greatly simplifies the research process. The results of this soft rock roadway in coal mine (tunnel) has an important value in the quantitative research on the deformation mechanism and supporting parameters of quantitative design.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD322

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