本文選題：礦用裝載機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：動(dòng)力學(xué)　出處：《武漢科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著采礦行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，洞采設(shè)備也在大步向前發(fā)展。礦用裝載機(jī)作為發(fā)展最快、需求量最大的洞采設(shè)備之一，對(duì)降低工程成本、保障工程質(zhì)量、提高作業(yè)安全性和可靠性有重要作用。 本論文以國內(nèi)某廠自主研發(fā)的礦用裝載機(jī)為對(duì)象，對(duì)其工作范圍及工作裝置的動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行整機(jī)仿真分析，從回轉(zhuǎn)塊和小臂出現(xiàn)的開裂現(xiàn)象出發(fā)，對(duì)其動(dòng)力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行研究，力圖從力學(xué)性能層面尋找其失效原因。 首先，依據(jù)礦用裝載機(jī)工程圖建立三維實(shí)體模型。將三維模型導(dǎo)入ADAMS建立剛性虛擬樣機(jī)，通過運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真研究，得到該工作裝置的主要性能參數(shù)，各構(gòu)件鉸點(diǎn)約束反力曲線以及油缸力學(xué)特性曲線，并對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)壓力和驅(qū)動(dòng)油缸進(jìn)行校核。 然后，利用ANSYS創(chuàng)建回轉(zhuǎn)塊和小臂的模態(tài)中性文件，對(duì)小臂進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析并提取前6階模態(tài)振型，為振動(dòng)特性分析、結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)載優(yōu)化提供參考。 最后，利用ADAMS進(jìn)行剛?cè)狁詈蟿?dòng)力學(xué)仿真，以修正柔性體鉸點(diǎn)處的約束反力，將修正后的約束反力再加載到柔性體進(jìn)行計(jì)算，，從而得到一個(gè)工作循環(huán)過程中柔性體的應(yīng)力變化過程；通過對(duì)一個(gè)工作循環(huán)過程中柔性體的應(yīng)力變化過程進(jìn)行分析得到柔性體出現(xiàn)最大應(yīng)力的節(jié)點(diǎn)，對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間及應(yīng)力位移分布云圖；提取該節(jié)點(diǎn)在一個(gè)工作循環(huán)過程中的動(dòng)應(yīng)力-時(shí)間歷程曲線，對(duì)回轉(zhuǎn)塊和小臂強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行綜合校核，得出結(jié)構(gòu)開裂是由于結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度不足引起的。 本文運(yùn)用ADAMS和ANSYS對(duì)礦用裝載機(jī)進(jìn)行仿真分析，通過剛?cè)狁詈戏治鰧?duì)工作裝置出現(xiàn)的開裂現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行深入研究，這種方式避免了靜力學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)分析的局限性，為產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)故障原因分析、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of mining industry, hole mining equipment is also developing rapidly. As one of the fastest growing and most needed mining equipment, mining loader can reduce the project cost and guarantee the engineering quality. It is important to improve the safety and reliability of work. In this paper, a mine loader developed by a domestic factory is taken as an object, and its working range and the dynamic characteristics of the working device are simulated and analyzed, and the dynamic performance of the loader is studied from the cracking phenomenon of the rotating block and the forearm. This paper tries to find out the cause of failure from the aspect of mechanical properties. Firstly, the 3D solid model is built according to the engineering drawing of mine loader, and the 3D model is imported into ADAMS to build rigid virtual prototype. The main performance parameters of the working device are obtained by kinematics and dynamics simulation. The reaction curve of hinge point constraint and the mechanical characteristic curve of the cylinder are obtained, and the pressure and the driving cylinder of the hydraulic system are checked. Then, the modal neutral files of the slewing block and the lower arm are created by using ANSYS, and the modal analysis of the upper arm is carried out and the first six modal modes are extracted, which provides a reference for the analysis of vibration characteristics and the optimization of the dynamic load of the structure. Finally, the rigid-flexible coupling dynamics simulation is carried out by using ADAMS to correct the constrained reaction force at the hinge point of the flexible body, and the modified constrained reaction force is loaded into the flexible body to calculate. The stress variation process of a flexible body during a working cycle is obtained, and the node with the maximum stress is obtained by analyzing the stress variation process of the flexible body during a working cycle. By extracting the dynamic stress-time history curve of the node during a working cycle and checking the strength of the rotary block and the brachial arm, it is concluded that the structural cracking is caused by the lack of the structural strength. In this paper, ADAMS and ANSYS are used to simulate and analyze the mine loader, and the cracking phenomenon of the working device is deeply studied through the rigid-flexible coupling analysis, which avoids the limitation of statics structure analysis. It provides theoretical basis for structural fault analysis and structural optimization design of products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD422.3

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