本文選題：陰燃特性　切入點(diǎn)：火風(fēng)壓　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：煤火燃燒持續(xù)時(shí)間長、燃燒面積大,一些滅火措施至今仍然沒能有效熄滅大面積的煤田火災(zāi),為探究煤火燃燒持續(xù)時(shí)間長且難以熄滅的原因,根據(jù)地下煤火的燃燒表現(xiàn)出的陰燃現(xiàn)象,論文嘗試將陰燃的研究理論和方法應(yīng)用到煤的燃燒過程中。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)煤火的持續(xù)燃燒是煤陰燃傳播的結(jié)果,煤火難以熄滅與煤陰燃特性有關(guān),因此提出切斷煤陰燃傳播治理煤火的思路�；诖�,構(gòu)建了煤陰燃實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺,對煤陰燃的燃燒特性進(jìn)行研究,應(yīng)用到了露天礦煤火的治理案例當(dāng)中,取得的主要成果和結(jié)論如下:風(fēng)流速率對煤的燃燒速率、陰燃傳播速率和溫度影響較大。一定范圍內(nèi)風(fēng)流速率越大,燃燒速率越大,陰燃傳播越快,最高溫度越高。豎直陰燃條件下煤的燃燒速率隨著風(fēng)流速率線性增加。當(dāng)風(fēng)流速率位于0.074~1.48m/min時(shí),陰燃傳播速率位于31.03~213.3mm/h,陰燃的溫度范圍在450℃~1050℃,煤可以以一定風(fēng)量下在500℃以下維持陰燃。當(dāng)風(fēng)量從2m3/h降低到0.1m3/h時(shí),總陰燃時(shí)間從11.4h增加到146.3h,總陰燃時(shí)間隨著風(fēng)量的減弱呈指數(shù)型增長。煤維持陰燃的最低供風(fēng)速率在0.009~0.013m/min范圍之間。煤田火區(qū)治理實(shí)踐中,常規(guī)性的堵漏窒息措施難以保證把漏風(fēng)速率控制在0.009m/min以下。正是因?yàn)槊夯鸬年幦荚诤艿偷穆╋L(fēng)速率下也能維持,才導(dǎo)致以堵漏窒息為主的治理措施失效,造成煤火難以熄滅�；痫L(fēng)壓是煤火持續(xù)陰燃的供氧動(dòng)力,是其陰燃的主要特性之一。歸納總結(jié)了煤火的四種供氧通道,建立了煤火的火風(fēng)壓模型,計(jì)算結(jié)果表明深度為30m的煤火陰燃區(qū)域在最低供風(fēng)速率0.009~0.013m/min條件下所產(chǎn)生的火風(fēng)壓為0.1~0.15Pa。該模型可用來評價(jià)火區(qū)堵漏效果,即如果堵漏后實(shí)測出火風(fēng)壓遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于0.1~0.15Pa時(shí),說明火區(qū)沒有完全熄滅,有待進(jìn)一步采取堵漏措施。露天礦煤火治理應(yīng)以火區(qū)降溫為主、堵漏窒息為輔來達(dá)到切斷煤陰燃傳播的目的。以東露天礦火區(qū)治理為例,分析了露天礦煤火的成因和特性,優(yōu)選出治理露天礦煤火的治理技術(shù),建立了露天礦煤火的傳熱模型,確定了滅火介質(zhì)所需量是該理論模型計(jì)算量一半的估算結(jié)果�，F(xiàn)場實(shí)踐表明:泡沫相對于注水、注漿技術(shù)具有水利用效率最高、降溫效果時(shí)間最長的優(yōu)勢;泡沫的滅火降溫效果顯著,相對而言更能有效阻止露天礦煤火的發(fā)展蔓延。
[Abstract]:The burning time of coal fire is long and the burning area is large. Some fire extinguishing measures have not been able to extinguish the large area of coal field fire effectively so far. In order to explore the reason why the burning time of coal fire is long and difficult to extinguish, According to the phenomenon of smouldering in underground coal combustion, this paper attempts to apply the theory and method of smouldering to the combustion process of coal. It is found that the continuous combustion of coal fire is the result of coal smoldering propagation. The difficult extinguishing of coal fire is related to the characteristics of coal smouldering. Therefore, the idea of cutting off the propagation of coal smouldering and treating coal fire is put forward. Based on this, an experimental platform for coal smouldering is constructed to study the combustion characteristics of coal smouldering. The main results and conclusions are as follows: the air flow rate has great influence on coal combustion rate, smoldering propagation rate and temperature. The larger the air flow rate is, the greater the combustion rate is in a certain range. The faster the smoldering propagation is, the higher the maximum temperature is. The combustion rate of coal increases linearly with the air flow rate under vertical smoldering conditions. When the air flow rate is 0.074 ~ 1.48 m / min, the smoldering rate is 31.03 ~ 213.3 mm / h, and the temperature range of smoldering is 450 鈩，

本文編號：1633410