本文選題：球磨機系統(tǒng)　切入點：前饋解耦　出處：《中國科學技術(shù)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鋼球磨煤機(球磨機)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟運行是提高火電廠經(jīng)濟效益的基礎(chǔ)。但球磨機系統(tǒng)是強耦合、大慣性、大滯后、強擾動對象,常規(guī)控制算法往往難以奏效。為改善其控制品質(zhì)、提高其運行經(jīng)濟性,有必要研究球磨機先進控制算法。 在分析球磨機系統(tǒng)各控制回路動態(tài)特性的基礎(chǔ)上,本文設(shè)計了一種改進的廣義預測解耦控制器,構(gòu)建了一套球磨機先進控制與優(yōu)化系統(tǒng),并成功應(yīng)用。應(yīng)用結(jié)果表明,先進控制能有效地抑制球磨機系統(tǒng)各控制回路之間的耦合作用,增強系統(tǒng)的抗擾動能力,提高控制精度,降低單位磨煤電耗。 本文的研究工作主要包括： (1)提出了一種改進的前饋解耦內(nèi)�？刂破鳌Ｍㄟ^添加時滯補償環(huán)節(jié)和反饋通道,可以有效地提高解耦控制器抑制擾動的能力和魯棒性；理論分析表明此解耦控制器在模型匹配條件下可以實現(xiàn)完全解耦；球磨機系統(tǒng)存在白噪聲型干擾量和乘性輸出不確定性時的仿真實驗結(jié)果表明此控制器的解耦效果良好。 (2)對球磨機系統(tǒng)解耦后的單變量回路設(shè)計了一種改進的階梯式廣義預測控制器。球磨機系統(tǒng)的大慣性大滯后特性會導致控制量在暫態(tài)過程中存在明顯的振蕩,這會影響控制系統(tǒng)的調(diào)節(jié)時間且造成執(zhí)行器頻繁動作,磨損增加,因此本文通過引入輸出加權(quán)因子對輸出預測進行調(diào)整,仿真結(jié)果表明此算法能有效減小控制量的振蕩并降低調(diào)節(jié)時間和超調(diào)量。 (3)結(jié)合球磨機系統(tǒng)的對象特性,采用前述改進的廣義預測解耦控制器,設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了一套球磨機先進控制與優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)。完成了球磨機原DCS的邏輯和組態(tài)修改,設(shè)計了先進控制投切的判斷邏輯、在線優(yōu)化的方案、堵磨堵煤的判斷及其應(yīng)急處理方案,實現(xiàn)了自動檢測、無擾切換、投切判斷、實時監(jiān)控等功能,并具有良好的可靠性和方便的人機交互界面；實際投運效果表明球磨機系統(tǒng)的控制品質(zhì)得到顯著改善,單位磨煤電耗大幅降低。
[Abstract]:The system of ball mill (ball mill) is stable and economical operation is the foundation to improve economic benefit of thermal power plant, but the ball mill system is strong coupling, large inertia, large lag and strong disturbance. In order to improve the control quality and improve the operation economy, it is necessary to study the advanced control algorithm of ball mill. On the basis of analyzing the dynamic characteristics of each control loop of ball mill system, an improved generalized predictive decoupling controller is designed, and a set of advanced control and optimization system of ball mill is constructed and successfully applied. Advanced control can effectively suppress the coupling action between control loops of ball mill system, enhance the anti-disturbance ability of the system, improve the control accuracy and reduce the power consumption of coal per unit mill. The research work of this paper mainly includes:. (1) an improved feedforward decoupling internal model controller is proposed. By adding time delay compensation link and feedback channel, the ability and robustness of decoupling controller to suppress disturbance can be improved effectively. Theoretical analysis shows that the decoupling controller can be decoupled completely under the condition of model matching, and the simulation results show that the decoupling effect of the controller is good when there are white noise disturbance and multiplicative output uncertainty in ball mill system. In this paper, an improved stepped generalized predictive controller is designed for the decoupled single-variable loop of ball mill system. The large inertia and large lag characteristic of ball mill system will lead to obvious oscillation of the control quantity in the transient process. This will affect the adjusting time of the control system and cause the actuator to move frequently and wear more. So this paper adjusts the output prediction by introducing the output weighting factor. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the oscillation of the control quantity and reduce the adjustment time and overshoot. Combined with the object characteristics of ball mill system, a set of advanced control and optimization system of ball mill is designed and realized by using the above-mentioned improved generalized predictive decoupling controller. The logic and configuration modification of the original DCS of ball mill is completed. The judgment logic of advanced control switching, the scheme of on-line optimization, the judgment of blocking and blocking coal and its emergency treatment are designed. The functions of automatic detection, no-disturbance switching, cutting judgment, real-time monitoring and so on are realized. The practical operation results show that the control quality of ball mill system has been improved significantly and the power consumption per unit mill has been greatly reduced.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術(shù)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD453;TP273

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