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  本文選題：急傾斜煤層　切入點：底板破壞　出處：《安徽理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：急傾斜厚煤層綜采工作面進行回采時,無論是開采設備、工藝還是圍巖控制方面都受到技術及設備因素的約束,由于急傾斜工作面圍巖具有非對稱力學特征,隨著工作面的推進,工作面底板也出現(xiàn)非對稱變形破壞。這就導致底板巖層開裂、向下滑落移動,工作面底板巖層出現(xiàn)了大范圍失穩(wěn)。支架與圍巖組成的支撐系統(tǒng)中,底板同樣起到關鍵作用。急傾斜工作面推進過程中,底板的失穩(wěn)將極大地影響支架圍巖支撐系統(tǒng)的協(xié)調(diào)穩(wěn)定性,情況惡劣會引起圍巖災變；工作面支架出現(xiàn)前傾,后仰等不規(guī)則翻倒現(xiàn)象。 針對底板破壞引起的以上問題,并且為了掌握急傾斜工作面底板應力分布及破壞規(guī)律,依據(jù)急傾斜工作面的特點,分別對工作面的走向與傾向進行底板破壞機理分析,得出急傾斜底板力學極限判據(jù)解析公式,以及工作面傾向中下部、中部和中上部三個位置相應的底板最大破壞深度解析公式、工作面前方煤壁屈服寬度以及底板巖體最大破壞深度與工作面端部的水平距離。發(fā)現(xiàn)底板破壞與工作面長度,煤層傾角、平均容重和工作面推進距離等因素有關。通過理論分析與數(shù)值模擬可以得出,煤壁前方支承壓力隨著推進距離的增大而不斷疊加,同樣底板應力與推進距離的增大呈正比例關系。沿工作面傾向,中下部,中部與中上部三個工作面位置,底板受到垂直應力大小作用不同,中下部最小,中上部最大,中間次之,底板破壞的位移大小同樣如此規(guī)律。另外工作面長度的不同,其上下兩側(cè)的側(cè)向支承壓力集中系數(shù)隨著煤層傾角增大而減小,并且上測減小的速度大于下測,但是下側(cè)支承壓力集中系數(shù)始終大于上側(cè)；另一方面,急傾斜工作面底板出現(xiàn)的位移是垂直位移與水平位移的擬合,說明底板塑性變形破壞且產(chǎn)生底鼓,在底鼓嚴重區(qū)域出現(xiàn)底板滑移,可通過降低底板應力集中、卸壓的變化和此過程中應力、應變能的變化程度來控制底板因卸壓而產(chǎn)生破壞。選用錨桿支護作為臨時支護控制急傾斜煤層底板發(fā)生滑移破壞的施工工藝,可以很好的加固底板,使工作面支架在推進過程中受到底板破壞影響程度較小,通過對頂?shù)装逑到y(tǒng)觀測效果明顯,可在類似條件工作面推廣使用。研究成果可為急傾斜工作面底板管理提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:When fully mechanized mining face in steeply inclined thick coal seam is working, both mining equipment, technology and control of surrounding rock are restricted by technical and equipment factors, because of asymmetric mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock in steeply inclined coal face. With the advance of the working face, there is also asymmetric deformation and failure on the floor of the working face, which leads to the cracking of the floor rock layer, the downward sliding and moving, the large-scale instability of the face floor rock layer, and the support system composed of the support and the surrounding rock. The instability of the floor will greatly affect the coordination and stability of the supporting system of surrounding rock, which will cause the disaster of surrounding rock and the forward tilt of the support in the face. The phenomenon of irregular overturning, such as backward tilt, etc. In view of the above problems caused by floor failure, and in order to grasp the stress distribution and failure law of steeply inclined face, according to the characteristics of steeply inclined face, the failure mechanism of bottom plate is analyzed separately. The analytical formula of the mechanical limit criterion of steeply inclined floor and the analytical formula of the maximum failure depth of the bottom plate corresponding to the three positions in the middle, middle and upper parts of the working face are obtained. The yield width of the coal wall in front of the face and the horizontal distance between the maximum failure depth of the floor rock mass and the end of the face are found. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, it can be concluded that the supporting pressure in front of coal wall is superimposed with the increase of propulsive distance. In the same way, the stress of the bottom plate is proportional to the increase of the propulsive distance. In the middle, the displacement of floor damage is the same rule. In addition, with the length of working face, the concentration coefficient of lateral support pressure on both sides of the face decreases with the increase of coal seam inclination angle, and the speed of upward measurement is larger than that of bottom measurement. On the other hand, the displacement of the floor of the steeply inclined face is the fitting of the vertical displacement and the horizontal displacement, which indicates that the bottom plate is plastic deformed and destroyed and the floor bulge is produced, but the concentration coefficient of the lower side support pressure is always greater than that of the upper side. The slippage of the bottom plate in the serious area of the bottom drum can be achieved by reducing the stress concentration, the variation of the pressure relief and the stress in the process. The change of strain energy is used to control the failure of the floor because of the pressure relief. The anchor support is used as the temporary support to control the sliding failure of the steeply inclined coal seam floor, which can be used to reinforce the floor well. The working face support is less affected by the floor damage in the process of pushing, and the observation effect of the roof and floor system is obvious, which can be popularized and used in the similar working face. The research results can provide the theoretical basis for the management of the floor in the steeply inclined working face.
【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD823.213;TD355

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