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  本文選題：斷裂構(gòu)造　切入點：應(yīng)力場　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：巖體是由巖塊和結(jié)構(gòu)面網(wǎng)絡(luò)組成,并賦存于一定環(huán)境中的地質(zhì)體,因此巖體的力學(xué)特性必然受到結(jié)構(gòu)面切割下的巖體結(jié)構(gòu)以及巖體所處應(yīng)力環(huán)境的影響。巖體的結(jié)構(gòu)特性是巖體穩(wěn)定的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),初始應(yīng)力(地應(yīng)力)狀態(tài)是應(yīng)力邊界條件,這是決定巖體穩(wěn)定的兩個主要地質(zhì)因素。斷裂構(gòu)造對地下工程圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響主要體現(xiàn)在兩方面：其一,斷裂構(gòu)造附近的地應(yīng)力大小及方向會發(fā)生變化,導(dǎo)致其周圍應(yīng)力場不同于區(qū)域應(yīng)力場,進(jìn)而影響圍巖應(yīng)力狀態(tài)；其二,斷裂構(gòu)造會使巖體表現(xiàn)出不同的結(jié)構(gòu)特征,從而使圍巖結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生不同。在巖體工程中,斷裂構(gòu)造控制著工程巖體的邊界條件和破壞方式,及巖體的結(jié)構(gòu)、完整性和物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)。斷裂構(gòu)造的延展長度、切割深度、力學(xué)性質(zhì)等不盡相同,因此本文所指斷裂構(gòu)造是：煤礦井工開采常見的、在采掘活動中可以看清全貌的中小型斷層(落差介于5-20m的為中型斷層,落差小于5m的為小型斷層)、區(qū)域節(jié)理、控制圍巖結(jié)構(gòu)及完整性的節(jié)理等斷裂構(gòu)造。本文基于趙莊礦斷層、節(jié)理發(fā)育的地質(zhì)條件,圍繞煤礦井下常見斷裂構(gòu)造,采用現(xiàn)場實測、圍巖力學(xué)參數(shù)試驗、理論分析及數(shù)值模擬等方法,主要研究了斷裂構(gòu)造對巖體應(yīng)力場及巷道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響、斷裂構(gòu)造對工作面頂板結(jié)構(gòu)及穩(wěn)定性的影響,主要研究成果如下：(1)通過趙莊礦現(xiàn)場調(diào)研觀測及巖石力學(xué)測試,得出趙莊礦地質(zhì)構(gòu)造發(fā)育特征及圍巖強(qiáng)度參數(shù)；(2)通過數(shù)值模擬試驗研究了斷裂構(gòu)造對巖體應(yīng)力場的影響,進(jìn)而分析了巷道軸向與最大水平構(gòu)造應(yīng)力夾角a對巷道穩(wěn)定性的影響,得出了巷道軸向與最大水平主應(yīng)力方向呈不同夾角情況下的巷道圍巖應(yīng)力分布及破壞特征；(3)通過現(xiàn)場實測、理論分析總結(jié)出趙莊礦節(jié)理發(fā)育直接頂發(fā)生端面冒漏的兩種類型,建立了直接頂?shù)乃榱呀Y(jié)構(gòu)、塊裂結(jié)構(gòu)模型,利用塊體理論分析了兩模型的穩(wěn)定性；(4)通過理論分析研究了斷層對老頂穩(wěn)定性影響,得出了斷裂面的傾角滿足老頂?shù)娜q拱平衡結(jié)構(gòu)條件,老頂不會失穩(wěn),當(dāng)斷裂面強(qiáng)度滿足庫倫-納維爾準(zhǔn)則,老頂不會失穩(wěn)；利用數(shù)值模擬得出了上盤工作面與下盤工作面超前支承壓力變化特征及頂板下沉量變化,驗證了理論分析的正確性；(5)通過趙莊礦1306工作面遇斷裂構(gòu)造期間的礦壓實測,得出工作面遇斷裂構(gòu)造地段的礦壓顯現(xiàn)特征。
[Abstract]:Rock mass is a geological body which consists of rock blocks and structural plane networks and exists in a certain environment. Therefore, the mechanical properties of rock mass must be influenced by the structure of rock mass cut by structural plane and the stress environment of rock mass. The structural characteristic of rock mass is the material foundation of rock mass stability, and the initial stress (ground stress) state is the stress boundary condition. These are two main geological factors that determine the stability of rock mass. The influence of fault structure on the stability of surrounding rock mass of underground engineering is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, the magnitude and direction of geostress in the vicinity of fault structure will change. As a result, the surrounding stress field is different from the regional stress field, which affects the stress state of surrounding rock. Secondly, the fracture structure will make the rock mass exhibit different structural characteristics, thus make the surrounding rock structure different. The fracture structure controls the boundary condition and failure mode of the engineering rock mass, and the structure, integrity and physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass. The extension length, cutting depth and mechanical properties of the fracture structure are different. Therefore, the fault structure in this paper is: the small and medium faults which are common in coal mining and can be seen clearly in the mining activities (the middle fault with the drop between 5-20 m and the small fault with the drop less than 5 m, the regional joint, etc.). Based on the geological conditions of fault and joint development in Zhaozhuang Mine, the common fracture structures in underground coal mine are measured in the field, and the mechanical parameters of surrounding rock are tested, based on the fracture structure that controls the structure and integrity of surrounding rock. The influence of fracture structure on the stress field of rock mass and the stability of roadway surrounding rock is studied by means of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and the influence of fracture structure on roof structure and stability of working face is also studied. The main research results are as follows: (1) through site investigation and observation and rock mechanics test of Zhaozhuang Mine, the geological structure development characteristics and surrounding rock strength parameters of Zhaozhuang Mine are obtained. The influence of fracture structure on rock mass stress field is studied by numerical simulation test. Furthermore, the influence of the angle a of axial and maximum horizontal stress on the stability of roadway is analyzed. The stress distribution and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock with different angles of axial direction and maximum horizontal principal stress direction are obtained. On the basis of field measurement, two types of leakage occurred directly at the top of joint development in Zhaozhuang Mine are analyzed and summarized theoretically. The cataclastic structure and block fracture structure model of the direct roof are established, and the stability of the two models is analyzed by using the block theory. (4) the influence of faults on the stability of the main roof is studied by theoretical analysis. It is concluded that the inclined angle of the fracture surface satisfies the equilibrium structural conditions of the main roof of the three-hinged arch, and the main roof will not be unstable, if the strength of the fault surface meets the Coulom-#internal_person0# criterion, the main roof will not be unstable. By using numerical simulation, the variation characteristics of leading support pressure and the change of roof subsidence in upper and lower face are obtained, which verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis and verifies the correctness of theoretical analysis. The measured rock pressure is measured during the fracture structure period of 1306 face in Zhaozhuang Coal Mine. The characteristics of the rock pressure in the fault structure section of the working face are obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD322.4;TD164.1

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本文編號：1599125