發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-06 17:00

  本文選題：離子型稀土　切入點(diǎn)：毛細(xì)損失　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：離子型稀土是我國(guó)特有的礦產(chǎn)資源,屬于保護(hù)性開采礦產(chǎn)資源,目前廣泛采用原地浸工藝進(jìn)行開采。本文以離子型稀土原地浸開采過程中的毛細(xì)損失現(xiàn)象為工程背景,期望最大程度減小因毛細(xì)損失導(dǎo)致的資源浪費(fèi)和環(huán)境污染,在自制毛細(xì)試驗(yàn)裝置的基礎(chǔ)上,以尋烏某礦的離子型稀土為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)離子型土毛細(xì)上升影響因素及其規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究。試驗(yàn)交換液分別為清水、濃度為3%和5%的硫酸銨溶液。四種離子型稀土土樣的最大粒徑分別為4.75 mm、1.18 mm、0.6 mm和0.3 mm。得到如下結(jié)論:(1)清水在離子型稀土中發(fā)生毛細(xì)上升時(shí),隨土體最大粒徑的增加,最大毛細(xì)上升高度逐漸減小,毛細(xì)滲透系數(shù)逐漸增加。最大毛細(xì)上升高度與毛細(xì)滲透系數(shù)呈負(fù)相關(guān)性。相同土樣的毛細(xì)滲透系數(shù)小于飽和滲透系數(shù)。毛細(xì)上升速率隨時(shí)間的增加先快速下降、后緩慢發(fā)展。(2)當(dāng)土樣最大粒徑不同時(shí),硫酸按溶液的濃度對(duì)毛細(xì)上升的敏感性也不同,最大粒徑為4.75mm 土樣受其影響較小,而最大粒徑為0.3mm、0.6mm、1.18mm時(shí)表現(xiàn)較為敏感。從減小原地浸工藝毛細(xì)損失的角度,建議選取濃度為3%的硫酸銨溶液。(3)交換液的重力對(duì)毛細(xì)上升起阻礙作用,也是導(dǎo)致同時(shí)間段毛細(xì)上升高度和水平擴(kuò)散距離不相等的決定性因素。原地浸工藝配制注入液時(shí),在不影響稀土離子交換效率的情況下可適當(dāng)提高注入液濃度,以減小毛細(xì)損失程度。(4)基于土柱含水率分布呈線性變化的假定,通過理論分析認(rèn)為毛細(xì)入滲率與毛細(xì)速率和含水率呈正相關(guān)性變化。毛細(xì)過程中水力變化和能量轉(zhuǎn)換是導(dǎo)致毛細(xì)現(xiàn)象的根本原因,二者在毛細(xì)上升過程中的彼此牽制轉(zhuǎn)化,縮小了水力梯度而最終使毛細(xì)作用趨于穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Ionic rare earth is a unique mineral resource in China, which belongs to the protective mining. At present, the in-situ leaching process is widely used for mining. This paper takes the phenomenon of capillary loss in the process of ion type rare earth in-situ leaching as the engineering background. Expecting to minimize the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by the loss of capillary, based on the self-made capillary test device, the ion rare earth of Xunwu Mine is taken as the research object, The influencing factors and their regularity of capillary increase in ionic soil were studied. The maximum particle sizes of the four ionic rare earth soil samples are 4.75 mm ~ 1.18 mm ~ (0.6 mm) and 0.3 mm 路m ~ (-1) respectively. The conclusion is as follows: when the capillary size of the water increases in the ionic rare earth, the maximum particle size increases with the increase of the maximum particle size of the soil. The rising height of the maximum capillary decreases gradually, The capillary permeability coefficient of the same soil sample was smaller than that of saturated permeability coefficient. The capillary rising rate decreased rapidly with the increase of time, and the capillary permeability coefficient increased gradually, and the capillary permeability coefficient was negatively correlated with the capillary permeability coefficient of the same soil sample, and the capillary permeability coefficient of the same soil sample was less than that of the saturated permeability coefficient. When the maximum particle size of soil sample is different, the sensitivity of sulfuric acid to capillary increase is different according to the concentration of solution, and the maximum particle size of 4.75mm soil sample is less affected by it. However, the maximum particle size of 0.3mm ~ 0.6mm ~ (-1. 18 mm) is more sensitive. In order to reduce the capillary loss of in-situ leaching process, it is suggested that the gravity of the exchange solution with concentration of 3% ammonium sulfate solution. It is also a decisive factor leading to the inequality of capillary height and horizontal diffusion distance in the same time period. When the injection solution is prepared by in-situ leaching process, the concentration of the implanted solution can be appropriately increased without affecting the exchange efficiency of rare earth ions. In order to reduce the degree of capillary loss, it is assumed that the distribution of soil column moisture content changes linearly. Through theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the capillary infiltration rate is positively correlated with capillary rate and moisture content, and that hydraulic change and energy conversion are the fundamental reasons leading to capillary phenomenon. It reduces the hydraulic gradient and finally stabilizes the capillary action.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD865

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本文編號(hào)：1575694