本文選題：微震監(jiān)測　切入點：LabVIEW　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：煤炭是我國的基礎能源和重要原料,煤炭工業(yè)是關系國家經濟命脈和能源安全的重要基礎產業(yè)。進入二十世紀以來,我國煤炭工業(yè)取得了長足進步,但發(fā)展過程中不平衡、不協(xié)調、不可持續(xù)問題依然突出,煤礦安全生產形勢嚴峻,安全事故頻繁發(fā)生,造成了嚴重的經濟損失、人員傷亡以及惡劣的社會影響。傳統(tǒng)的煤礦監(jiān)測手段在實際應用的過程中存在著種種不足,因此需要一種新的監(jiān)測手段來滿足日益增長的監(jiān)測需求。微震監(jiān)測技術是一種新興的煤礦監(jiān)測預警技術,它是通過監(jiān)測煤巖在內部或者外部擾動下發(fā)生微破裂而產生的微震信號,來反映煤巖的穩(wěn)定性并實現(xiàn)災害的監(jiān)測和預警,從而能夠采取相應的整治工作。由于煤礦井下復雜的開采環(huán)境,研發(fā)適用于煤礦井下的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)具有十分重要的意義。本文針對上述問題,圍繞煤礦微震監(jiān)測需求,在研發(fā)適用于煤礦井下的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)方面做了一系列工作。(1)分析了我國煤礦行業(yè)的重要性以及微震監(jiān)測技術在防治煤礦災害方面的作用,調研了微震監(jiān)測技術和微震震源定位算法在國內外的研究現(xiàn)狀。(2)根據(jù)煤礦現(xiàn)場環(huán)境對微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計需求進行了分析,提出了微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的總體方案并根據(jù)需求完成了相應的硬件系統(tǒng)設計和器件選型,為后續(xù)軟件部分的設計工作提供了硬件基礎。(3)利用LabVIEW實現(xiàn)了微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的實時采集軟件設計。分析了采集軟件的總體結構和運行流程,并對實現(xiàn)過程中所使用的相關DLL函數(shù)和主要模塊構成進行了詳細介紹,最終實現(xiàn)了采樣參數(shù)配置,微震信號的多通道同步采集、顯示、存儲與傳輸功能,為后續(xù)微震信號分析和定位奠定了基礎。在實驗室環(huán)境下,使用本文研發(fā)的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)分別進行了標準正弦信號采集試驗以及人工模擬微震信號采集試驗,驗證了系統(tǒng)在實驗室環(huán)境下的可靠性。同時,在同煤集團燕子山煤礦井下對本文設計的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)進行了現(xiàn)場試驗,使用微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測煤礦井下現(xiàn)場的微震信號,驗證了微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)場環(huán)境的可行性。(4)本文實現(xiàn)了對微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的微震源定位軟件設計。首先分析了微震源定位的實現(xiàn)流程,然后對單純形法的原理以及該算法的軟件實現(xiàn)流程進行了研究和介紹,之后對所設計的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)定位軟件的各個主要模塊進行了詳細介紹。最后通過實驗室微震定位試驗,對本文設計的微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)定位軟件進行了驗證,使用微震監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)對人工模擬微震信號進行采集并定位,定位誤差在10%左右,取得了較為滿意的定位結果。
[Abstract]:Coal is the basic energy and important raw material of our country, and the coal industry is an important basic industry related to the national economic lifeline and energy security. Since 20th century, China's coal industry has made great progress, but the development process is unbalanced. Uncoordinated, unsustainable problems are still prominent, the situation of coal mine safety production is grim, safety accidents occur frequently, resulting in serious economic losses. Casualties and adverse social impact. The traditional coal mine monitoring means in the process of practical application there are a variety of shortcomings, Therefore, a new monitoring method is needed to meet the increasing monitoring demand. Microseismic monitoring technology is a new kind of coal mine monitoring and early warning technology. It reflects the stability of coal and rocks and realizes the monitoring and early warning of disasters by monitoring the microseismic signals generated by the micro-rupture of coal and rock under internal or external disturbances. As a result of the complex mining environment, it is of great significance to develop a microseismic monitoring system suitable for underground coal mines. In view of the above problems, this paper focuses on the needs of monitoring micro-earthquakes in coal mines. A series of work has been done on the research and development of microseismic monitoring system suitable for underground coal mines. The importance of China's coal mine industry and the role of microseismic monitoring technology in preventing and controlling coal mine disasters are analyzed. The research status of microseismic monitoring technology and microseismic focal location algorithm at home and abroad is investigated. (2) the design requirements of microseismic monitoring system are analyzed according to the coal mine site environment. The overall scheme of the microseismic monitoring system is put forward, and the corresponding hardware system design and device selection are completed according to the demand. This paper provides the hardware foundation for the design of the following software. It realizes the real-time acquisition software design of the microseismic monitoring system by using LabVIEW. The overall structure and running flow of the acquisition software are analyzed. The related DLL functions and main modules used in the implementation are introduced in detail. Finally, the configuration of sampling parameters, multi-channel synchronous acquisition, display, storage and transmission of microseismic signals are realized. In the laboratory environment, the standard sinusoidal signal acquisition test and artificial simulated microseismic signal acquisition test are carried out using the microseismic monitoring system developed in this paper. The reliability of the system in the laboratory environment is verified. At the same time, the microseismic monitoring system designed in this paper is tested in the underground of Yanzishan Coal Mine of Tongmei Group Group, and the microseismic signal in the underground coal mine is monitored by the microseismic monitoring system. The feasibility of the microseismic monitoring system in the field environment is verified. (4) in this paper, the software design of micro-source location for microseismic monitoring system is realized. Firstly, the realization flow of micro-source location is analyzed. Then, the principle of simplex method and the software realization flow of the algorithm are studied and introduced. Then, the main modules of the microseismic monitoring system are introduced in detail. Finally, the microseismic localization test in laboratory is carried out. The positioning software of microseismic monitoring system designed in this paper is verified. The microseismic monitoring system is used to collect and locate artificial simulated microseismic signals. The positioning error is about 10%, and satisfactory positioning results have been obtained.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD325.4

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