本文關(guān)鍵詞： 淺埋煤層 關(guān)鍵層理論 覆巖移動(dòng)規(guī)律 超前支撐壓力 地表裂縫　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本論文采用理論分析、數(shù)值模擬及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)等研究方法,就高頭窯礦區(qū)淺埋煤層綜采面開(kāi)采引起覆巖變形破壞和規(guī)律進(jìn)行深入研究,特別是針對(duì)同煤集團(tuán)鄂爾多斯色連一號(hào)礦8101工作面開(kāi)采過(guò)程中可能出現(xiàn)的頂板破斷垮落造成壓架事故、地表裂縫貫通工作面威脅礦井安全生產(chǎn)等災(zāi)害性問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的研究分析,主要研究成果如下:(1)根據(jù)色連一號(hào)礦8101工作面地質(zhì)情況,運(yùn)用關(guān)鍵層位判別及彈性力學(xué)理論,分析計(jì)算了頂板結(jié)構(gòu)與來(lái)壓步距,同時(shí)在收集神東礦區(qū)及類似條件礦井導(dǎo)水裂隙帶實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)下采用工程類比的方法,回歸了適合計(jì)算神東礦區(qū)淺埋煤層的覆巖導(dǎo)水裂隙帶高度的擬合公式,為以后研究神東礦區(qū)覆巖裂隙發(fā)育規(guī)律提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)通過(guò)UDEC數(shù)值模擬軟件模擬了8101工作面不同推進(jìn)度和方向上覆巖破斷運(yùn)移形態(tài),形象直觀地再現(xiàn)了淺埋煤層下長(zhǎng)壁綜采面礦壓顯現(xiàn)規(guī)律及覆巖裂隙發(fā)育特征,確定了該工作面的初次來(lái)壓步距、周期來(lái)壓步距及覆巖導(dǎo)水裂隙發(fā)育高度,總結(jié)了該條件下“采動(dòng)—覆巖裂隙演化”的時(shí)空關(guān)系。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)各個(gè)測(cè)點(diǎn)支架礦壓監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)處理分析得出8101工作面直接頂初次垮落步距及基本頂?shù)某醮蝸?lái)壓步距與周期來(lái)壓步距,驗(yàn)證了理論計(jì)算及數(shù)值模擬的正確性。分析工作面支架工作阻力數(shù)據(jù)得知,非來(lái)壓期間支架平均工作阻力富裕較大,來(lái)壓期間支架基本處于正常工作阻力范圍內(nèi)。工作面整體動(dòng)載系數(shù)和各個(gè)支架實(shí)測(cè)動(dòng)載系數(shù)波動(dòng)小,礦壓顯現(xiàn)不太明顯。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn),工作面來(lái)壓期間支架安全閥打開(kāi)較少,局部出現(xiàn)安全閥打開(kāi)的現(xiàn)象。(4)采用壓力表觀測(cè)研究巷道超前支撐壓力,確定了巷道超前支承壓力峰值范圍。在測(cè)量超前支撐壓力的同時(shí)采用“十字交叉法”研究巷道變形,得出巷道兩幫和頂?shù)装遄冃沃饕l(fā)生范圍,且局部靠近工作面?zhèn)葏^(qū)域出現(xiàn)巷道片幫現(xiàn)象,應(yīng)做好該區(qū)域的防護(hù)工作。(5)通過(guò)對(duì)地表裂縫進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在8101工作面不斷推進(jìn)的過(guò)程中,地表裂縫演化要經(jīng)過(guò)裂縫產(chǎn)生、裂縫擴(kuò)展、臺(tái)階下沉與裂縫閉合四個(gè)階段。在地表產(chǎn)生的裂縫特征有:數(shù)量多、長(zhǎng)度長(zhǎng)、寬度及深度較大。通過(guò)地表裂縫與工作面的時(shí)空關(guān)系,計(jì)算出了地表移動(dòng)的相關(guān)角量參數(shù),并針對(duì)地表裂縫提出了加強(qiáng)裂隙演化觀測(cè)、裂縫填埋壓實(shí)等針對(duì)性管理措施。
[Abstract]:In this paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement are used to study the deformation and damage of overburden rock caused by fully mechanized mining of shallow coal seam in Gaotouyao mining area. In particular, in view of the roof breaking and caving that may occur in the mining process of No. 8101 working face in Ordos Serien No. 1 Mine of Tongshan Coal Group, the pressure frame accident is caused, Based on the geological conditions of No. 8101 face in Xilian No. 1 Mine, this paper makes a detailed study and analysis on the disaster problems such as threatening mine safety production in the face of surface cracks. The main research results are as follows: according to the geological conditions of No. 8101 face in Xilian No. 1 Mine, the key stratum discrimination and elastic mechanics theory are used. The roof structure and the pressure step distance are analyzed and calculated. At the same time, the engineering analogy method is used to collect the measured data of the diversion fissure zone in Shendong mining area and similar mines. The fitting formula for calculating the height of overburden water conduction fracture zone of shallow coal seam in Shendong mining area is regressed. It provides a theoretical basis for studying the fracture development of overburden rock in Shendong mining area in the future. It simulates the breaking and migration patterns of overburden rock in 8101 face with different propulsive degree and direction by UDEC numerical simulation software. The appearance law of mine pressure and the development characteristics of overburden cracks on the long wall fully mechanized face under shallow coal seam are reproduced visually, and the initial pressure step distance, periodic pressure step distance and the height of overburden water conductivity crack development are determined. The space-time relationship of "mining and overburden fracture evolution" under this condition is summarized. By analyzing the monitoring data of support pressure at each measuring point, the first collapse step distance of the direct roof and the initial and periodic pressure step distance of the basic roof of 8101 working face are obtained. The correctness of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation is verified. By analyzing the working resistance data of the working face support, it is known that the average working resistance of the support is relatively rich during the non-pressure period. During the pressure period, the support is basically within the normal working resistance range. The overall dynamic load coefficient of the working face and the measured dynamic load coefficient of each support have little fluctuation, and the rock pressure is not obvious. Field observation shows that the support safety valve is less open during the working face pressure period. The phenomenon of local safety valve opening.) the pressure gauge is used to observe and study the leading supporting pressure of roadway, and the range of peak value of advance supporting pressure of roadway is determined. At the same time, the deformation of roadway is studied by "cross cross method". It is concluded that the main range of deformation of the roadway's two sides and the roof and floor, and the phenomenon of roadway cover appearing in the area near the side of the face, the protection work in this area should be done well. (5) through the field measurement and analysis of the surface cracks, it is found that, In the process of continuously advancing at 8101 face, the evolution of surface cracks has four stages: crack generation, crack propagation, step sinking and crack closing. The characteristics of the cracks produced on the surface are as follows: large number, long length, Based on the space-time relationship between the surface cracks and the working face, the related angle parameters of the surface movement are calculated, and the corresponding management measures such as strengthening the observation of the fracture evolution and the crack landfill compaction are put forward for the surface cracks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TD323

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