本文關(guān)鍵詞： 巖石力學(xué) 霍普金森壓桿 三維動靜組合加載 巖爆 破壞模式　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為研究巖石的動力學(xué)特性和巖爆發(fā)生的動力學(xué)機(jī)理,以紅砂巖為研究對象,利用改進(jìn)的霍普金森壓桿試驗裝置,對紅砂巖進(jìn)行預(yù)加載三維高靜應(yīng)力又受沖擊荷載試驗,分析紅砂巖的變形特性、強(qiáng)度特性、能量耗散規(guī)律以及破壞模式等動力學(xué)特性。同時基于三維動靜組合加載下紅砂巖的動力學(xué)特性,簡要分析了巖爆發(fā)生的動力學(xué)機(jī)理。研究結(jié)果表明:1、紅砂巖在單軸壓縮條件下應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線分為四個階段,分別為壓密階段、彈性階段、破壞發(fā)展階段、破壞后階段。在單軸壓縮條件下破壞模式有三種類型,分別為拉伸破壞、單斜面剪切破壞、X狀共軛斜面剪切破壞。2、紅砂巖在三維動靜組合加載下的應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線相比單軸壓縮僅有三個階段,分別為彈性階段、破壞發(fā)展階段、破壞后階段,而無壓密階段。紅砂巖的應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線在不同應(yīng)變率下表現(xiàn)出應(yīng)變回彈、應(yīng)力跌落及峰后塑性三種類型。在三維動靜組合加載下,當(dāng)軸壓一定時,割線模量隨圍壓的增大而增大;當(dāng)圍壓一定時,割線模量隨軸壓的增大呈現(xiàn)先增大后降低的趨勢。在三維動靜組合加載下,當(dāng)軸壓一定時,平均應(yīng)變率隨圍壓的增大而減小;當(dāng)圍壓一定時,隨軸壓的增大先減小后增大。3、紅砂巖在三維動靜組合加載下,當(dāng)軸壓一定時,紅砂巖的動態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度隨圍壓的增大而增大;當(dāng)圍壓一定時,紅砂巖的動態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度隨軸壓的增大呈先增大后降低的趨勢。在三維動靜組合加載下,紅砂巖的動態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度隨應(yīng)變率的增大而增大,表現(xiàn)出很好的應(yīng)變率相關(guān)性。在三維動靜組合加載下,紅砂巖動態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度增長因子與應(yīng)變率的1/3呈線性遞增關(guān)系,并有良好的線性相關(guān)擬合性。4、紅砂巖在三維動靜組合加載下,當(dāng)軸壓一定時,單位體積吸收能隨圍壓的增大表現(xiàn)出先增大后降低的規(guī)律;當(dāng)圍壓一定時,單位體積吸收能隨軸壓的增大也表現(xiàn)出先增大后降低的規(guī)律;單位體積吸收能、入射能與平均應(yīng)變率均呈現(xiàn)出線性遞增關(guān)系,并有良好的線性相關(guān)擬合性。5、紅砂巖在三維動靜組合加載下,紅砂巖的破壞程度隨應(yīng)變率的增大而增大;當(dāng)軸壓一定時,紅砂巖的破壞程度隨圍壓的增大而降低;當(dāng)圍壓一定時,紅砂巖的破壞程度隨軸壓的增大而增大;在無圍壓時,巖石呈現(xiàn)出“X”型或“雙錐”型的壓剪破壞模式;在三維動靜組合加載下,巖石呈現(xiàn)出圓錐體或圓錐臺型的壓剪破壞模式。6、三維動靜組合加載下紅砂巖動力響應(yīng)的試驗結(jié)果和規(guī)律,認(rèn)識到“巖石在儲存大量彈性應(yīng)變能且處于峰值強(qiáng)度狀態(tài),巖石是不穩(wěn)定的,若此時受到外界因素的干擾,巖石則會失穩(wěn)”這一重要結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:In order to study the dynamic characteristics of rock and the dynamic mechanism of rock burst, taking the red sandstone as the research object, using the improved Hopkinson pressure bar test device, the pre-loading three-dimensional Gao Jing stress and impact load test were carried out on the red sandstone. The dynamic characteristics of red sandstone, such as deformation, strength, energy dissipation and failure mode, are analyzed. The dynamic mechanism of rock burst is briefly analyzed. The results show that the stress-strain curve of red sandstone under uniaxial compression is divided into four stages: compaction stage, elastic stage and failure stage. There are three types of failure modes under uniaxial compression, which are tensile failure, The shear failure of single inclined plane is X-shaped conjugate inclined plane shear failure .2.The stress-strain curve of red sandstone under three-dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination loading has only three stages compared with uniaxial compression, which are elastic stage, failure development stage and post-failure stage, respectively. The stress-strain curves of red sandstone show three types of strain springback, stress drop and post-peak plasticity at different strain rates. The Secant modulus increases with the increase of confining pressure, and the Secant modulus increases first and then decreases with the increase of confining pressure. When the confining pressure is constant, with the increase of axial pressure, the dynamic compressive strength of red sandstone increases with the increase of confining pressure, and with the increase of confining pressure, the dynamic compressive strength of red sandstone increases with the increase of confining pressure under the loading of three-dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination, and when the confining pressure is constant, the dynamic compressive strength of red sandstone increases with the increase of confining pressure. The dynamic compressive strength of red sandstone increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of axial compression. The dynamic compressive strength growth factor of red sandstone increases linearly with strain rate 1/3 under three dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination loading. There is good linear correlation fitting. 4. Under the loading of 3D dynamic and dynamic combination, the unit volume absorption energy of red sandstone increases first and then decreases with the increase of confining pressure, when axial pressure is fixed, the absorption energy of red sandstone increases first and then decreases with the increase of confining pressure. The absorption energy of unit volume increases first and then decreases with the increase of axial pressure, and the absorption energy, incident energy and average strain rate of unit volume increase linearly. The failure degree of red sandstone increases with the increase of strain rate, and decreases with the increase of confining pressure when axial compression is fixed. When the confining pressure is fixed, the failure degree of red sandstone increases with the increase of axial pressure, and when the confining pressure is no confining pressure, the rock presents a compression shear failure mode of "X" type or "double cone" type, and under three-dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination loading, the failure degree of red sandstone increases with the increase of axial pressure. The rock presents the compressive shear failure mode of cone or cone table. The experimental results and rules of dynamic response of red sandstone under three dimensional dynamic and dynamic combination loading show that "the rock is storing a lot of elastic strain energy and is in the state of peak strength." Rock is unstable, and if disturbed by external factors, rock will be unstable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD315

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