發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-22 22:33

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 煤 氟 賦存狀態(tài) 浮選 分配規(guī)律　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氟是煤中對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境有嚴(yán)重危害的微量元素之一,大氣氟污染對(duì)人類(lèi)健康構(gòu)成了巨大的威脅。本文以貴州地區(qū)高氟煤為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)煤中氟的含量、賦存狀態(tài)以及在浮選過(guò)程中的分配規(guī)律等一系列問(wèn)題進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。對(duì)兩個(gè)試驗(yàn)煤樣做了XRF、XRD、SEM+EDS、粒度分析和密度分析。兩個(gè)試驗(yàn)煤樣的主要礦物質(zhì)為高嶺石和石英,粒度較細(xì),均為較難選煤。建立了高溫燃燒水解試驗(yàn)裝置用于處理煤樣,用離子色譜儀測(cè)定了煤中氟的總量,并與選擇性電極法作了對(duì)比,確定了離子色譜法為后續(xù)試驗(yàn)中氟含量的測(cè)定方法。從浮沉試驗(yàn)、浸提試驗(yàn)、逐級(jí)提取試驗(yàn)以及煤中氟與磷的關(guān)系四個(gè)方面研究了貴州煤中氟的賦存狀態(tài)。煤樣含氟量的大小取決于矸石中礦物質(zhì)成分的種類(lèi)及其含量,氟主要趨向存在于粒度小、密度高的煤樣中;煤樣中氟主要賦存于難溶性的無(wú)機(jī)鹽礦物中;殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)氟是經(jīng)強(qiáng)酸浸取后存在于硅酸鹽礦物晶格中的氟,分別占兩個(gè)煤樣全氟的70.77%和57.98%。分步釋放試驗(yàn)表明隨著累計(jì)精煤灰分的降低,氟的累計(jì)脫除率逐漸增大,而磷的累計(jì)脫除率逐漸降低,表明煤樣中氟和磷并不存正相關(guān)性,說(shuō)明六盤(pán)水煤樣中氟并不是以氟磷灰石的形態(tài)賦存。對(duì)試驗(yàn)煤樣進(jìn)行了浮選試驗(yàn),考察了浮選時(shí)間、浮選濃度、捕收劑和起泡劑用量等因素對(duì)氟脫除的影響,分析得到較優(yōu)化的浮選條件:浮選時(shí)間為3 min,浮選濃度為80 g?L-1,捕收劑和起泡劑的用量分別為150 g?t-1和100 g?t-1。在浮選流程的不同環(huán)節(jié)加入抑制劑,探討了其對(duì)氟分配規(guī)律的影響。隨著抑制劑用量的加大,精煤中的氟分配率逐漸減小,氟的脫除逐漸增大,說(shuō)明在浮選過(guò)程中,煤中氟更傾向于在尾煤中富集。抑制劑六偏磷酸鈉的加入改變了氟在浮選產(chǎn)品中的分配率,再次驗(yàn)證了煤中氟主要賦存于硅酸鹽類(lèi)礦物中.
[Abstract]:Fluorine is one of the trace elements in coal which is seriously harmful to the ecological environment. Air fluoride pollution poses a great threat to human health. A series of problems, such as occurrence state and distribution law in flotation process, were studied experimentally. Two test coal samples were studied by XRF XRDX SEM EDS, particle size analysis and density analysis. The main minerals of the two test coal samples were kaolinite and quartz with fine particle size. The high temperature combustion hydrolysis test device was established for the treatment of coal samples. The total amount of fluoride in coal was determined by ion chromatograph and compared with the selective electrode method. Ion chromatography was used as the method for the determination of fluorine in subsequent tests. The occurrence state of fluorine in Guizhou coal was studied from four aspects of step by step extraction test and the relationship between fluorine and phosphorus in coal. The content of fluorine in coal samples depends on the kinds and contents of mineral components in gangue, and fluorine tends to exist in small granularity. High density coal samples; fluorine in coal samples mainly occurs in insoluble inorganic salt minerals; residual fluorine is fluorine in silicate mineral lattice after strong acid leaching. 70.77% and 57.98 percent of perfluorine in two coal samples, respectively. The results of stepwise release test showed that the cumulative removal rate of fluorine increased gradually with the decrease of ash content in coal, and the cumulative removal rate of phosphorus decreased gradually, indicating that there was no positive correlation between fluoride and phosphorus in coal samples. The results show that fluorine does not exist in Liupanshui coal sample in the form of fluorine apatite. The effects of flotation time, flotation concentration, amount of collector and foaming agent on fluorine removal were investigated. The optimum flotation conditions were obtained: floatation time was 3 min, flotation concentration was 80 g? The dosage of collector and foaming agent was 150 g? T-1 and 100 g? T 1. The effect of depressants on the distribution of fluorine in different parts of flotation process is discussed. With the increase of depressant dosage, the distribution rate of fluorine in clean coal decreases gradually, and the removal of fluoride increases gradually, which indicates that in the flotation process, The addition of depressant sodium hexametaphosphate changed the distribution rate of fluorine in flotation products and proved that fluorine in coal mainly occurs in silicate minerals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD94

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本文編號(hào)：1525477