本文關(guān)鍵詞： 十二胺 煤油 石英 磁鐵礦 表面活性劑 提效機(jī)理　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了滿足鋼鐵工業(yè)對鐵精礦質(zhì)量日益嚴(yán)格的要求，解決我國鐵礦貧礦多、富礦少的資源難題，磁鐵礦反浮選“提鐵降硅”技術(shù)得到了長足發(fā)展和廣泛應(yīng)用，但也面臨著一些諸如陰離子反浮選工藝藥劑制度復(fù)雜，需要加溫浮選，陽離子反浮選工藝藥劑成本高，泡沫發(fā)粘等問題。為了發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)陽離子捕收劑選擇性強(qiáng)的優(yōu)勢，降低浮選成本，論文從藥劑組合的理念出發(fā)，以十二胺為主，非極性油脂為輔，同時(shí)選擇性添加少量表面活性劑，形成了互溶為一體的十二胺-非極性油二元混溶捕收劑和十二胺-非極性油-表面活性劑三元混溶捕收劑。以磁鐵礦與其伴生的主要脈石礦物石英為分選對象，采用小型浮選試驗(yàn)考查了混溶捕收劑的浮選效果，采用粒度分析、顆粒微電泳、紅外光譜、表面張力測定、微量熱等儀器分析方法和量子化學(xué)計(jì)算方法，，研究了混溶捕收劑中非極性油以及表面活性劑的提效機(jī)理。主要研究工作及獲得的有益認(rèn)知如下： 十二胺-煤油二元混溶體系捕收劑降低了十二胺的熔點(diǎn)和粘度，提高了藥劑在礦漿中的分散性，改變了煤油的荷電性質(zhì)；構(gòu)建了十二胺-煤油混溶捕收劑與石英相互作用的模型，并根據(jù)EDLVO理論參照疏水作用的能量模型，計(jì)算了煤油油珠與礦粒之間的總作用勢能，由于靜電作用勢能的貢獻(xiàn)，強(qiáng)化了活性煤油與礦粒粘附過程；實(shí)現(xiàn)了低煤油用量下的團(tuán)聚浮選工藝。 系統(tǒng)研究了傳統(tǒng)陽離子捕收劑之間的胺-胺組合、胺-非極性油以及胺-醇（酯）組合等多種組合方案，結(jié)果表明十二胺與煤油組合效果最佳。在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了煤油類輔助捕收劑中各種烴類組分（十二烷、十二烯、環(huán)己烷、二甲苯以及甲基萘）對組合捕收劑提效的影響，結(jié)果表明：不同結(jié)構(gòu)的烷烴作為十二胺的輔助捕收劑時(shí)，組合藥劑的協(xié)同效應(yīng)為：芳烴正構(gòu)烯烴脂環(huán)烴正構(gòu)烷烴。 采用分子動(dòng)力學(xué)模擬方法研究了十二胺在不同非極性烴/水界面的吸附性質(zhì)，考察了油相性質(zhì)對捕收劑吸附行為的影響，模擬結(jié)果表明十二胺分子能夠在不同油/水界面形成穩(wěn)定的吸附膜，根據(jù)捕收劑吸附膜的界面形成能、油水界面層厚度、捕收劑與水的徑向分布函數(shù)、捕收劑烷烴鏈有序參數(shù)以及吸附膜的動(dòng)力學(xué)性質(zhì)等參數(shù)的計(jì)算結(jié)果得出：十二胺在甲基萘/水界面的活性最高；十二胺在五種不同油相中活性依次為：甲基萘二甲苯十二烯環(huán)己烷十二烷。模擬結(jié)果與浮選試驗(yàn)結(jié)果相吻合。 為了進(jìn)一步提高混溶捕收劑的分選性能，將失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Span系列、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Tween系列、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚OP系列、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚AC系列、油酸三乙醇胺皂等表面活性劑及油酸引入二元混溶捕收劑體系，研究了表面活性劑對捕收劑吸附活性、吸附機(jī)制和礦物可浮性的影響。結(jié)果表明：表面活性劑的加入提高了十二胺的膠團(tuán)形成能力，降低了溶液的表面張力；其中AC1201降低十二胺溶液表面張力的能力最強(qiáng)，浮選提效效果最明顯。紅外光譜分析表明AC1201吸附在了石英表面，量子化學(xué)計(jì)算表明AC1201陽離子的親固基團(tuán)所荷的正電荷大于十二胺及醚胺陽離子，更有利于通過靜電吸引力與荷負(fù)電的礦物作用。 計(jì)算了表面活性劑與十二胺的相互作用參數(shù)βm，測量了表面活性劑與十二胺組合捕收劑在石英表面吸附過程中的吸附熱；石英的回收率與表面活性劑相互作用參數(shù)βm（絕對值）負(fù)相關(guān)，與吸附焓（絕對值）正相關(guān)，十二胺與表面活性劑間的相互作用越強(qiáng)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致其與石英的作用減弱；在組合用藥方面，應(yīng)選擇與捕收劑作用相對較弱、而吸附焓相對較大的表面活性劑與之組合。 以尖山鐵礦磁選粗精礦作為研究對象，考察了十二胺-煤油二元混溶捕收劑對實(shí)際礦物的分選規(guī)律。十二胺在混溶捕收劑中最佳比例為40%，煤油的加入提高了細(xì)粒-0.038mm粒級(jí)石英的回收率，同時(shí)提高了了富含石英的0.045~0.074mm粒級(jí)的礦物上浮率。將表面活性劑與混溶捕收劑的組合藥劑浮選尖山鐵礦，AC1201略優(yōu)于其它表面活性劑，其提高了-0.038mm、0.045~0.074mm以及+0.074mm粒級(jí)石英的回收率。以AC1201與十二胺-煤油組合藥劑作為捕收劑，采用反浮選工藝，經(jīng)一粗兩掃中礦順序返回，粗選分段加藥，一段粗選捕收劑用量40g/t，MIBC40g/t，二段粗選捕收劑用量15g/t，一次掃選MIBC10g/t，二次掃選MIBC5g/t的藥劑制度，最終得到TFe品位68.87%回收率96.53%的鐵精礦。 本研究對簡化十二胺添加程序，降低選礦成本，提高磁鐵礦反浮選效果，具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the iron and steel industry of the iron concentrate quality becomes more and more strict requirements, to solve China's iron ores, ore less resource problems, reverse flotation "magnetite iron drop silicon technology has been rapid development and wide application, but also facing some problems such as anion reverse flotation reagent system, heating flotation, cationic reverse flotation reagent cost high, foam sticky. In order to make the traditional cationic collectors selective advantage, reduce the cost of flotation reagent combination, from the perspective of the twelve non-polar oil amine based, supplemented, and added a small amount of surfactant, the formation of mutual solubility as one of the twelve amines non polar oil two yuan miscible collector and twelve amine collector immiscible polar oil surfactant to three yuan. The main gangue mineral is quartz magnetite associated to the selected object,. With a small flotation test to examine the miscible collector flotation agent, using particle size analysis, micro electrophoresis, infrared spectroscopy, surface tension test, micro thermal instruments such as quantum chemical analysis method and calculation method of miscible trapping non-polar oil and surfactant efficiency. The main mechanism of collecting agent the research work and beneficial cognition as follows:
Twelve amine kerosene two yuan a miscible system collector reduces the melting point and viscosity of twelve amine, improve the dispersing ability in the pulp, changed the kerosene electric charge; constructed twelve amine kerosene immiscible collecting agent and quartz interaction model, and according to the theory of EDLVO reference trap the role of energy model, the total effect of kerosene oil beads and particles between the potential energy calculation, because of the electrostatic potential contribution to strengthen the process of activity of kerosene and particle adhesion; the agglomeration flotation process of low dosage of kerosene.
The system of traditional cationic collectors between amine amine, amine non-polar oil and amine alcohol (ester) combination combination scheme, the results show that the twelve amines and kerosene. The best combination on the basis of collecting all kinds of auxiliary kerosene hydrocarbon agent (twelve alkyl. Twelve ene, cyclohexane, xylene and methyl naphthalene) trapping effect, improve the efficiency of collecting agent combination results showed that different structure of alkane as collector assisted twelve amine collector, synergistic effect of combined reagent for aromatic n-alkenes alicyclic hydrocarbon n-alkanes.
The molecular dynamics study of twelve amine adsorption properties in different non-polar hydrocarbon / water interface simulation method, the effects of oil phase properties influence the collector adsorption behavior, the simulation results show that twelve amine molecules in different oil / water interface to form a stable adsorption film, according to the collector adsorption film formation interface can, interfacial layer thickness, radial collector and water distribution function, calculation of kinetic properties of collector alkyl chain order parameters and the results of adsorption film: Twelve amine in methyl naphthalene / water interface were the highest; twelve amine in five different oil phase activity is as follows: methyl naphthalene xylene twelve ene twelve alkyl cyclohexane. The simulation results are consistent with the results of flotation test.
In order to further improve the separation performance of miscible collecting agent, the Span series of sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester Tween series, OP series of octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether AC, triethanolamine oleate and oleic acid as surfactant into two yuan mix collector system, study surfactants on the adsorption of collector activity, adsorption mechanism and mineral floatability were studied. The results show that the addition of surfactant enhanced twelve amine micelle formation ability, reduces the surface tension of the solution; the AC1201 to reduce the surface tension of twelve amine solution had the strongest ability to improve the efficiency of flotation, the most obvious effect. The infrared spectrum analysis showed that the adsorption of AC1201 on quartz surface, quantum chemical calculation shows that the positive charge of AC1201 cation radical Pro solid bearing more than twelve amine and ether amine cation, more The role of electrostatic attraction to the mineral with negatively charged.
The interaction parameter of M surfactants with twelve amine surfactants were calculated, and twelve amine combination adsorption heat collector adsorption on trapping quartz surface in the process of measurement; the recovery rate of quartz and surfactant interaction parameter m (absolute value) negative correlation, and the adsorption enthalpy (absolute value) positive correlation, stronger interaction between surfactant and amine twelve, will lead to the weakening and quartz effect; in combination medication, should be selected with the collector effect is relatively weak, and the enthalpy of adsorption of surfactant and relatively large portfolio.
Taking Jianshan as the research object of magnetic iron ore concentrate, studied twelve amine kerosene two yuan miscible acollector separation law of actual mineral. Twelve amine in miscible collecting agent in optimum proportion is 40%, kerosene is added to improve the recovery of fine grained quartz -0.038mm rate, and improve the rich the quartz particles of 0.045~0.074mm mineral floatation rate. The surfactant and mixed collector combination of flotation reagents in Jianshan iron mine, AC1201 is slightly better than the other surfactants, the increased -0.038mm, 0.045~0.074mm and +0.074mm recovery rate. The grain size of quartz AC1201 and twelve amine kerosene combined reagent as collector, the reverse flotation process, after a rough two sweep order middling returns, roughing segment dosing, collector dosage of 40g/t, a roughing collector MIBC40g/t, collector dosage of 15g/t two roughing catch, a scavenging agent MIBC10g/t two scavenging MIBC5g/t The system finally gets the iron concentrate with a TFe 68.87% recovery rate of 96.53%.
This study has a certain guiding significance for simplifying the adding program of twelve amine, reducing the beneficiation cost and improving the effect of magnetite reverse flotation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD923

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本文編號(hào)：1520917