本文關(guān)鍵詞： 廢硫酸 鈦精礦 富鈦料 煅燒 酸浸　出處：《西華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：攀枝花是國內(nèi)鈦白工業(yè)的主產(chǎn)地,隨著鈦白工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,一方面富鈦料的需求量將越來越大,另一方面生產(chǎn)過程中也將帶來每年約200萬噸左右無法處理的廢硫酸,已成為阻礙企業(yè)發(fā)展的首要問題。針對(duì)此點(diǎn),本文在結(jié)合國內(nèi)外硫酸法生產(chǎn)富鈦料的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了采用“鈦精礦—管式爐高溫改性—廢酸浸出”制備富鈦料的新工藝。該法不僅能解決難選共生礦提純問題還能有效解決冶金廢酸的排放問題,對(duì)我國鈦工業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。試驗(yàn)采用攀枝花市瑞爾鑫工貿(mào)有限責(zé)任公司的鈦精礦為原料,經(jīng)過X-射線衍射(XRD)和掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)分析表明:該礦主要是結(jié)構(gòu)致密呈現(xiàn)出三方晶系的鈦鐵礦(FeTiO3),其中還含有FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、SiO2、Al2O3等雜質(zhì),這些雜質(zhì)脈絡(luò)般存在于鈦精礦中,對(duì)無機(jī)酸具有一定惰性,用酸不易直接浸出,為提高酸解率,對(duì)試驗(yàn)原料進(jìn)行了預(yù)處理。高溫改性鈦精礦的試驗(yàn)中,通過XRD和SEM分析比較了直接煅燒與摻鐵煅燒鈦精礦兩者工藝的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),研究結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)直接煅燒處理后的鈦精礦仍然是以FeTiO3物相為主,只是在2h,700℃以上顆粒表面出現(xiàn)裂紋;而經(jīng)鐵粉摻燒的鈦精礦除FeTiO3以外,還生成了Fe1.1Ti0.9O3、Fe1.04Ti0.96O3、Fe+2TiO3、Fe2TiO4、Mg2TiO4等新相,且顆粒表面腐蝕嚴(yán)重、疏松、多孔,有利于后續(xù)廢硫酸浸出。選取了鐵粉摻燒產(chǎn)物作為酸浸原料。通過設(shè)計(jì)正交試驗(yàn)考察煅燒溫度、時(shí)間、鐵粉摻雜量對(duì)煅燒過程的影響,得到了摻鐵煅燒的最佳工藝條件為:煅燒時(shí)間2h,溫度800℃,鐵粉與鈦精礦質(zhì)量之比1:5。廢硫酸浸出改性礦的試驗(yàn)中,通過設(shè)計(jì)水平試驗(yàn)和正交試驗(yàn),研究了酸浸溫度、酸浸時(shí)間、顆粒粒度、液固比對(duì)雜質(zhì)元素浸出率和TiO2品位的影響,得到了影響TiO2含量的主要因素是反應(yīng)時(shí)間,其次是反應(yīng)溫度和粒度,最后是液固比。經(jīng)綜合分析得到酸浸過程的最佳工藝條件為:酸浸時(shí)間8h、酸浸溫度140℃、改性礦粒度80-120目、液固比10mL:1g。在最佳的試驗(yàn)條件下,得到了富鈦料中TiO2含量為81.09%,CaO含量為0.88%,MgO含量為0.53%,可作為生產(chǎn)氯化鈦白的原料。
[Abstract]:Panzhihua is the main producing area of domestic titanium white industry. With the rapid development of titanium white industry, on the one hand, the demand for titanium rich materials will be increasing; on the other hand, the production process will also bring about 2 million tons of waste sulfuric acid which cannot be treated every year. It has become the most important problem that hinders the development of enterprises. In this paper, based on the production of titanium rich materials by sulfuric acid method at home and abroad, A new process for the preparation of titanium rich materials by "titanium concentrate, high temperature modification of tube-furnace-leaching of waste acid" is put forward. This method can not only solve the problem of purifying refractory cogeneration but also effectively solve the problem of waste acid discharge from metallurgical industry. It is of great significance for the sustainable development of China's titanium industry. The titanium concentrate of Ruierxin Industry and Trade Co., Ltd., Panzhihua City, is used as raw material in the experiment. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show that the ore is mainly a kind of ilmenite with a compact structure and a rhombohedral system, and it also contains impurities such as FeOOFe2O3CaOMgOSiO2SiO2Al _ 2O _ 3, which exist in titanium concentrate. Inorganic acid is inert and is not easy to be directly leached with acid. In order to improve the acid hydrolysis rate, the experimental raw materials were pretreated. The advantages and disadvantages of direct calcination and iron-doped calcined titanium concentrate were compared by XRD and SEM. The results showed that the main phase of titanium concentrate after direct calcination was FeTiO3 phase, and only cracks appeared on the surface of particles above 2h ~ 700 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1508196