本文關(guān)鍵詞： 殘留礦柱回收 穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià) 未確知測(cè)度理論 突變理論 數(shù)值模擬　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：采用空?qǐng)龇ㄩ_(kāi)采的急傾斜薄礦脈,礦房回采結(jié)束后會(huì)留下大量空區(qū),給深部開(kāi)采及殘礦回收帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的安全隱患。因此,對(duì)采空區(qū)的賦存狀況及穩(wěn)定性需要有一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的判斷,保證經(jīng)濟(jì)、可靠、安全的前提下,對(duì)殘留礦柱進(jìn)行回采,是新老礦山急需解決的難題。本文以漂塘鎢礦為工程實(shí)例,運(yùn)用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查、理論分析和數(shù)值模擬等手段,對(duì)礦區(qū)主要采空區(qū)整體的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行分析,并對(duì)空區(qū)內(nèi)頂柱與夾墻巖體的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行判別,提出切實(shí)可行、安全合理的殘礦回采方案,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及成果包括:(1)在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查取樣的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)巖石室內(nèi)試驗(yàn),得到研究區(qū)域內(nèi)主要三種巖性的巖石力學(xué)參數(shù)。采用廣義Hoek-Brown準(zhǔn)則進(jìn)行折減,得到了巖體力學(xué)參數(shù)。(2)在地壓顯現(xiàn)區(qū)域調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)地壓成因深入分析,導(dǎo)致采區(qū)中、東部地壓活動(dòng)明顯的主要因素有:自重應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、構(gòu)造破碎帶、特殊的地形地貌、不平衡開(kāi)采、周邊空區(qū)影響、塌陷區(qū)地表水滲透。(3)利用3D激光探測(cè)儀掃描并建立單個(gè)空區(qū)三維模型,大致了解空區(qū)的規(guī)模及礦柱的超爆和欠爆情況。根據(jù)采空區(qū)調(diào)查及各中段平面圖,建立了全區(qū)采空區(qū)三維立體分布圖。(4)針對(duì)影響因子權(quán)重確定過(guò)程中的存在的缺陷,引入極大熵理論,構(gòu)建多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃模型,使得權(quán)重分配更為科學(xué)合理。借助未確知測(cè)度理論處理不確定性和隱蔽性這類(lèi)信息的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì),構(gòu)建單個(gè)采空區(qū)穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)體系。并應(yīng)用于實(shí)際工程中,得到了漂塘鎢礦Ⅲ號(hào)和Ⅰ號(hào)礦體共52個(gè)采空區(qū)的穩(wěn)定性等級(jí)。(5)針對(duì)急傾斜薄脈狀礦體頂柱與夾墻巖體,建立了簡(jiǎn)化的力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行分析。將尖點(diǎn)突變理論,引入到空區(qū)內(nèi)頂柱與夾墻系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性分析中。從系統(tǒng)發(fā)生突變失穩(wěn)的充要條件中能夠得到,系統(tǒng)的控制變量a、b及剛度k是決定采空區(qū)是否發(fā)生突變失穩(wěn)的充要條件。(6)根據(jù)殘留礦柱回采過(guò)程中存在的損失貧化嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題,提出采用上向分層膠結(jié)充填法回采。利用FLAC3D對(duì)松散廢石充填下的水平礦柱回收可采臨界厚度進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計(jì)算,最終確定31132采場(chǎng)至少保留7m高的隔離礦柱,才能對(duì)上部松散充填體起到支撐作用。通過(guò)對(duì)回采進(jìn)路結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和回采順序進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,最終確定采用尺寸為4.5m×5m(高×寬)的中間對(duì)稱(chēng)式開(kāi)采方案最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:The steep inclined thin vein mined by open field method will leave a large number of empty areas after the stoping of mine house, which brings serious safety hidden danger to deep mining and residual ore recovery. It is necessary to have an accurate judgement on the occurrence and stability of the goaf, to ensure the recovery of the residual pillars on the premise of economy, reliability and safety, which is a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the new and old mines. In this paper, the floating-pond tungsten mine is taken as an engineering example. By means of field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the overall stability of the main goaf in the mining area is analyzed, and the stability of the roof column and the sandwich wall rock mass in the goaf is judged, and the feasibility is put forward. A safe and reasonable residual mining plan. The main research contents and results include: 1) on the basis of on-the-spot investigation and sampling, through rock laboratory tests, The rock mechanics parameters of three kinds of lithology in the study area are obtained. The generalized Hoek-Brown criterion is used to reduce the rock mass mechanics parameters. Based on the investigation of the ground pressure manifestation area, the genesis of the earth pressure is deeply analyzed, which leads to the mining area. The main factors of the ground pressure activity in the east are: gravity stress field, structural fracture zone, special topography and landform, unbalanced mining, the influence of the surrounding empty area, Using 3D laser detector to scan and set up a 3D model of single empty area, the size of the empty area and the superburst and underexplosion of pillar are roughly understood. According to the survey of goaf and the plan of each middle section, The 3D distribution map of goaf in the whole area is established. Aiming at the defects in the process of determining the weight of the influencing factors, the maximum entropy theory is introduced to construct the multi-objective programming model. With the help of the unique advantage of unascertained measure theory to deal with such information as uncertainty and concealment, a single goaf stability evaluation system is constructed and applied to practical projects. The stability grade of 52 mined-out areas of No. 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1502081