本文關鍵詞： 錨桿 變形協(xié)調(diào) 高預緊力 錨桿支護 支護優(yōu)化　出處：《西安科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在煤礦巷道支護中,錨桿支護的普及率幾乎接近100%,針對如今錨桿支護理論遠遠滯后于實踐,且在工程應用中仍然主要依靠經(jīng)驗法和工程類比法的現(xiàn)狀。對錨桿支護作用的本質(zhì)進行了總結(jié)分析,對錨桿預應力的作用機理進行了說明。對現(xiàn)有錨桿的懸吊理論和組合梁理論進行實例計算,并對其在工程設計中的實用性進行評價。取錨桿體與其所接觸的巖體作為錨固單元體并對其進行研究,當巖體發(fā)生受拉破壞時,由于桿體與圍巖體力學參數(shù)的差異,錨桿上荷載很小,為了使圍巖破壞時錨桿能發(fā)揮最大約束作用而假設圍巖破壞時錨桿達到屈服狀態(tài),發(fā)現(xiàn)錨桿施加的預應力需接近桿體屈服強度。根據(jù)錨桿與圍巖之間的變形協(xié)調(diào)關系推導得到錨桿的最大預緊力計算公式;進一步的研究針對不同強度錨桿作用,發(fā)現(xiàn)當錨桿上不施加預緊力時,不同強度的錨桿對巖石破壞前的加固作用是相同的,高強度錨桿沒有優(yōu)勢,高強度錨桿的優(yōu)勢在于可以施加高預緊力及在巖體破碎后提供更高的約束力。為了研究錨固體與圍巖之間的力學作用,對巖體與錨固體的彈性模量比進行了分析。通過對錨固體進行力學分析得到了錨固長度與錨固力之間的關系。運用數(shù)值模擬軟FLAC3D以巷道頂板下沉量、兩幫收斂量和塑性區(qū)體積為指標對巷道不同支護工況下的支護效果進行比較,驗證高預緊力有利于控制圍巖變形。將研究結(jié)果應用于董東煤礦支護優(yōu)化設計中,經(jīng)過現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測表明,圍巖控制效果良好。
[Abstract]:In coal mine roadway support, the popularization rate of bolt support is almost close to 100. The theory of bolt support lags far behind practice. And in engineering application, it still mainly depends on the present situation of experience method and engineering analogy method. The essence of bolting action is summarized and analyzed. The mechanism of prestressing force of anchor rod is explained. The suspension theory of anchor rod and the theory of composite beam are calculated by examples. The practicability of the rock mass in the engineering design is evaluated. The rock mass in contact with the bolt body is taken as the anchoring unit body and studied. When the rock mass is subjected to tensile failure, the mechanical parameters of the rod body and the surrounding rock are different. The load on the anchor rod is very small. In order to make the anchor rod exert the maximum restraint function during the surrounding rock failure, it is assumed that the anchor rod reaches the yield state when the surrounding rock is destroyed. It is found that the prestressing force applied by the anchor rod must be close to the yield strength of the bolt body. According to the deformation coordination relation between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock, the formula for calculating the maximum pre-tightening force of the anchor rod is derived, and the further research is aimed at the action of the anchor rod with different strength. It is found that the reinforcement effect of different strength anchors on the rock before failure is the same when the pre-tightening force is not applied on the bolt, and the high strength anchor has no advantage. The advantage of high strength anchor is that it can apply high pretightening force and provide higher binding force after rock mass is broken. In order to study the mechanical action between anchor body and surrounding rock, The ratio of elastic modulus of rock mass to anchor body is analyzed. The relationship between anchoring length and anchoring force is obtained through mechanical analysis of anchor body. Numerical simulation of soft FLAC3D is used to calculate the settlement of roadway roof. By comparing the support effect under different supporting conditions of roadway with the index of convergence and volume of plastic zone, it is proved that high pretightening force is beneficial to control the deformation of surrounding rock. The research results are applied to the optimum design of support in Dong Dong Coal Mine. Field monitoring shows that the control effect of surrounding rock is good.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD353.6

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