本文關(guān)鍵詞： 北羌塘 熱覺茶卡鹽湖 地球化學(xué)特征 成礦物質(zhì)來源 成礦模式　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：西藏北部是我國現(xiàn)代鹽湖主要的分布區(qū)之一,同時也是世界上最早發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用的鹽湖礦產(chǎn)聞名產(chǎn)地,其遠(yuǎn)景資源量及潛在經(jīng)濟(jì)價值較大。熱覺茶卡鹽湖位于西藏高原腹地,是一個現(xiàn)代鹽湖礦床,主要受龍木錯-雙湖縫合帶及其附近次一級深大斷裂的控制形成硫酸鹽型鹽湖。本文詳細(xì)的研究了熱覺茶卡鹽湖周邊各時代的地層、沉積巖及構(gòu)造等地質(zhì)背景,礦床特征,不同時代、不同類型的沉積巖以及河水、泉水中成鹽元素的含量,初步探討了熱覺茶卡鹽湖礦床的成礦物質(zhì)來源和成礦模式。熱覺茶卡湖盆地區(qū)出露地層包括晚二疊系熱覺茶卡組、早三疊系康魯組和康南組,侏羅系布曲組、雀莫錯組和索瓦組以及第四系沖洪積物,巖漿巖出露較少,主要巖性為礫巖、砂巖和碳酸鹽巖。本區(qū)經(jīng)歷過板塊碰撞和新構(gòu)造運(yùn)動兩次重大構(gòu)造事件,形成了一系列斷裂,構(gòu)造格局復(fù)雜。地球化學(xué)研究表明:熱覺茶卡鹽湖礦床的鉀、鋰品位較好,已達(dá)到小型規(guī)模,有實(shí)際開采價值。通過對沉積巖、河水、泉水和湖水的水化學(xué)分析表明鹽湖成礦物質(zhì)具有多來源性;兩條河流和泉對熱覺茶卡鹽湖成鹽成礦起到重要控制作用;鹽湖的蒸發(fā)濃縮造成離子在湖中分布不均勻。另外,鍶同位素研究表明泉水中的鹽類物質(zhì)可能來源于夏里組和索瓦組。通過對熱覺茶卡地區(qū)區(qū)域地質(zhì),礦床地質(zhì),地球化學(xué)背景研究,筆者認(rèn)為:熱覺茶卡地區(qū)的熱液活動使成鹽物質(zhì)活化并運(yùn)移至地表或近地表賦存,熱覺茶卡鹽湖形成以后,經(jīng)熱水系統(tǒng)的水-巖相互作用、地表和近地表巖石風(fēng)化淋濾,由流水?dāng)y至湖中,經(jīng)過漫長的匯聚和湖水蒸發(fā)濃縮,形成熱覺茶卡鹽湖礦床。
[Abstract]:Northern Tibet is one of the main distribution areas of modern salt lakes in China, and it is also the world's earliest famous source of salt lake mineral resources, which has great potential resources and potential economic value. The salt lake is located in the hinterland of Tibet plateau. It is a modern salt lake deposit, which is mainly controlled by the Longmuco-Shuanghu suture zone and its subprimary deep faults to form the sulfate salt lake. In this paper, the strata around the Jiejiechaka salt lake are studied in detail. Geological background such as sedimentary rocks and structures, characteristics of deposits, contents of salt-forming elements in different ages, types of sedimentary rocks and rivers and springs, The source of ore-forming material and metallogenic model of the Rejiaocha Ka-salt lake deposit are preliminarily discussed. The exposed strata in the Rejiaocha Lake basin area include the late Permian Rejiaocha Kaka formation, the early Triassic Kanglu formation and Kangnan formation, the Jurassic Buqu formation, the early Triassic Kanglu formation, the early Triassic Kanglu formation and the Jurassic Buqu formation. There are few magmatic rocks exposed in the Kemoco formation, Suowa formation and Quaternary alluvial deposits, and the main lithology is conglomerate, sandstone and carbonate rocks. The area has experienced two major tectonic events of plate collision and neotectonic movement, resulting in a series of faults. The geochemical study shows that the potassium and lithium grade of the Jiejiechaka salt lake deposit is good, which has reached a small scale and has practical exploitation value. The hydrochemical analysis of spring water and lake water shows that the ore-forming materials of salt lake are multi-source, the two rivers and springs play an important role in controlling the formation of salt and ore-forming, the evaporation and concentration of salt lake lead to the uneven distribution of ions in the lake. The strontium isotopic study indicates that the salt material in the spring water may originate from the Xiali formation and the Suowa formation. Through the study of the regional geology, deposit geology and geochemical background of the Rejiaocha area, The author believes that the hydrothermal activity in the area of Techa Kar makes the salt-forming substances active and transported to the surface or near the surface, and after the formation of the Takeka salt lake, through the water-rock interaction of the hot water system, the rocks on the surface and near the surface are weathered and leached. Carried by income into the lake, after a long gathering and water evaporation and concentration, the Jiejiechaka salt lake deposit was formed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P619.211

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本文編號：1496323