本文關鍵詞： 深部巷道 特厚泥巖底板 底臌 極限自穩(wěn)平衡拱 FLAC~(3D)數(shù)值模擬 錨注聯(lián)合支護　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：由于傳統(tǒng)的支護手段往往集中于頂板和兩幫,底板成為整個巷道支護中的薄弱點,特別是對于特厚泥巖底板巷道,易發(fā)生嚴重的底臌,接著兩幫和頂板失去了穩(wěn)定的基礎,最終形成巷道全斷面的變形破壞,往往陷入破壞—修復—再破壞—再修復的惡性循環(huán)。本論文綜合利用理論分析、實驗室試驗、FLAC~(3D)數(shù)值模擬、工業(yè)性試驗的研究方法,以蔣家河煤礦二采區(qū)東回風大巷為工程背景,詳細分析了巷道的圍巖成份和特性,篩選出底臌產(chǎn)生的影響因素,并提出了有針對性的治理方法。主要研究內(nèi)容及成果如下:1)介紹了回風大巷地質(zhì)概況和破壞現(xiàn)狀。巷道頂板以上4.7 m范圍內(nèi)巖體主要為砂質(zhì)泥巖、煤、泥巖的混層;底板10m以內(nèi)為深灰色泥巖或炭質(zhì)泥巖、鋁土質(zhì)泥巖,強度極低�；仫L大巷總長1500m,其中底臌量超過1m的巷段總長達900m,局部最大底臌量超2.2m,頂板的破壞形式表現(xiàn)為拱頂噴層大片開裂脫落、拱頂受擠壓錯動破壞出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)兜,拱頂出現(xiàn)V字破壞三種。2)分析了巷道巖性及影響底臌的主要因素。由X射線衍射結果和透射電鏡實驗分析可知:回風大巷頂?shù)装鍑鷰r主要成分是高嶺石和伊\蒙混合物,并含少量蒙脫石,含量分別為59%、38%和3%,在遇水條件下會發(fā)生快速膨脹與泥化。巷道底臌主要受巷道圍巖特性、地應力、水理作用、現(xiàn)有支護形式以及ZF1402工作面采動等因素的影響,屬于復合型底臌。3)根據(jù)巷道極限自穩(wěn)平衡拱理論制定了巷道治理方案。基于巷道極限平衡拱整環(huán)支護、治頂先治幫、治幫先治底、結合部是關鍵的軟巖巷道支護原則,結合回風大巷的底臌特點,確定采用重點對巷道底板進行強力錨索支護配合注漿加固的加固方案,同時也對兩幫和頂板進行錨注加固,形成底板—兩幫—頂板的整環(huán)控制結構,充分利用圍巖的自穩(wěn)性,減小不穩(wěn)定區(qū)并使其轉(zhuǎn)化為穩(wěn)定區(qū),即采用高性能錨帶網(wǎng)索和注漿加固聯(lián)合支護技術。4)利用FLAC~(3D)對不同支護方式的效果進行驗證。利用FLAC~(3D)數(shù)值模擬軟件對原支護設計、僅錨桿錨索加固、僅注漿加固、錨注聯(lián)合支護四種方案的支護效果進行數(shù)值模擬,確定采用錨注聯(lián)合加固方案,可以對巷道進行有效加固,有效減小圍巖變形量,降低初期變形速率,切實維護巷道圍巖的穩(wěn)定性。5)在蔣家河煤礦回風大巷的現(xiàn)場應用表明巷道變形破壞得到有效控制,有效維護了巷道的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Because the traditional support means are often concentrated on the roof and the two sides, the floor becomes the weak spot in the whole roadway support, especially for the very thick mudstone floor roadway, it is easy to produce serious floor heave. Then the two sides and the roof lost the stable foundation, and finally formed the deformation and destruction of the whole section of the roadway, and often fell into a vicious circle of break-repair, re-destruction-rerepair. The numerical simulation and industrial test method of laboratory test are used to analyze the composition and characteristics of surrounding rock of the roadway with the background of east return wind roadway in the second mining area of Jiangjiahe coal mine. The influencing factors of floor heave were screened out. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) the geological situation and damage status of the return wind roadway are introduced. The rock mass within 4.7 m above the roadway roof is mainly sandy mudstone. Mixed layers of coal and mudstone; The bottom plate is dark gray mudstone or carbonaceous mudstone, aluminous mudstone with very low strength. The total length of return wind roadway is 1500m, and the total length of roadway with floor heave over 1m is 900m. The local maximum floor heave is more than 2.2 m.The failure form of roof is as follows: the roof sprays a lot of cracks and falls off, and the arch roof is damaged by the staggered extrusion and appears a net pocket. Three types of V damage on the vault.). The lithology of the roadway and the main factors affecting the floor heave are analyzed. The results of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy show that the main composition of the surrounding rock of the roof and floor of the return wind roadway is the mixture of kaolinite and Yi\ Meng. And a small amount of montmorillonite, the content of 59% and 3%, in the case of water will occur rapid expansion and mudding. The roadway floor heave is mainly affected by the roadway surrounding rock characteristics, geostress, hydrological action. The influence of the existing supporting form and the mining movement of ZF1402 face etc. According to the theory of roadway ultimate self-stable equilibrium arch, the roadway treatment scheme is established. Based on the roadway ultimate equilibrium arch integral support, the roof first to control the slope, the first to cure the bottom. The joint part is the key soft rock roadway support principle, combined with the return wind roadway floor heave characteristic, determined the key to the roadway floor floor to carry on the strong anchor cable support with the grouting reinforcement reinforcement plan. At the same time, the two sides and roof are reinforced by anchor grouting to form the integral control structure of bottom slab-two-made-roof, make full use of the self-stability of surrounding rock, reduce the unstable area and transform it into the stable zone. That is to say, the combined support technology of high performance bolting cable and grouting is used to verify the effect of different support methods by using FLACU 3D), and the effect of different support methods is verified by using FLACU 3D). Numerical simulation software for the original support design. Only bolting cable reinforcement, only grouting reinforcement, bolt-grouting combined support of the four schemes of numerical simulation, determined the use of bolt-grouting combined reinforcement scheme, can be effective reinforcement of the roadway. Effectively reduce the amount of surrounding rock deformation, reduce the initial deformation rate, and maintain the stability of roadway surrounding rock. 5) the field application in Jiangjiahe coal mine wind return roadway shows that the roadway deformation damage has been effectively controlled. The stability of roadway is maintained effectively.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD353

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