本文關(guān)鍵詞： 煤泥 高嶺石 分散 絮凝　出處：《華北理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為了改善浮選處理極細粒級煤泥灰分高產(chǎn)率低的缺點,以內(nèi)蒙某地?zé)熋鹤鳛榇硇悦悍N,對極細粒級煤泥進行了選擇性絮凝試驗研究。首先對純煤和高嶺石純礦物進行了分散與絮凝條件試驗,篩選出分散劑與絮凝劑及其試驗條件,然后在此基礎(chǔ)上對人工混合礦進行了分散絮凝條件試驗。最后,通過動電位測定和紅外光譜分析對煤和高嶺石的絮凝作用機理進行了分析。四種分散劑進行條件試驗,得出當(dāng)?shù)V漿濃度為20g/l,檸檬酸用量為24mg/l,硅酸鈉用量為20mg/l,多聚磷酸鈉用量為16mg/l,六偏磷酸鈉用量為20mg/l時,各藥劑均在p H值為6時兩礦物的分散效果差別最大,即選擇性分散。將四種藥劑的最佳條件進行對比,四種藥劑對高嶺石的分散效果為檸檬酸六偏磷酸鈉多聚磷酸鈉硅酸鈉,對煤的分散效果為六偏磷酸鈉多聚磷酸鈉硅酸鈉檸檬酸,結(jié)合各藥劑對兩礦物的分散效果最終確定檸檬酸為分散劑。對四種絮凝劑進行條件試驗,結(jié)果得出糊精用量為20mg/l,聚合氯化鈣用量為110mg/l,聚合氯化鋁鐵用量為110mg/l,硫酸鋁鉀用量為20mg/l,均在p H值為6時,煤與高嶺石的選擇性絮絮凝效果較好。最后將各個藥劑的結(jié)果進行比較,得出硫酸鋁鉀作為選擇性絮凝劑效果較好。在最佳的分散、絮凝條件下對人工混合礦(灰分為35%)進行分選,試驗表明,當(dāng)?shù)V漿濃度為35g/l時,檸檬酸用量為20mg/l,硫酸鋁鉀用量為140mg/l時,在p H值為6時,可獲得底流灰分為14.3%,回收率為59.65%的精煤,選擇性絮凝較好。通過紅外光譜分析得出加入藥劑前后,高嶺石譜圖基本沒有變化,高嶺石與硫酸鋁鉀為物理吸附。而煤在3580cm-1處出現(xiàn)了新的吸收峰,該處可能是羥基的吸收峰,其它吸收峰在原有位置處左右移動,煤與硫酸鋁鉀的吸附為化學(xué)吸附。通過動電位檢測得出加入藥劑后高嶺石和煤電位絕對值逐漸降低,只有在p H值為6時,高嶺石Zeta電位絕對值變化較小,煤相對變化大,可能與藥劑發(fā)生了電荷吸附。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the disadvantage of high yield and low yield of very fine grained coal slime treated by flotation, the bituminous coal in Inner Mongolia is regarded as the representative coal. The selective flocculation test of very fine coal slime was carried out. Firstly, the dispersion and flocculation conditions of pure coal and kaolinite were tested, and the dispersant and flocculant and their experimental conditions were screened out. On the basis of this, the conditions of dispersion flocculation of artificial mixed ore were tested. Finally. The flocculation mechanism of coal and kaolinite was analyzed by potentiodynamic measurement and infrared spectrum analysis. Four dispersants were tested under conditions, and the results showed that the slurry concentration was 20g / l. When the amount of citric acid is 24 mg / l, sodium silicate is 20 mg / l, sodium polyphosphate is 16 mg / L, sodium hexametaphosphate is 20 mg / l. The dispersing effect of the two minerals was most different when pH value was 6:00, that is, selective dispersion. The optimum conditions of the four chemicals were compared. The dispersing effect of four kinds of medicament to kaolinite is sodium citrate sodium hexametaphosphate sodium polyphosphate sodium silicate and sodium hexametaphosphate sodium polyphosphate sodium silicate sodium citric acid. Combined with the dispersing effect of the two minerals, citric acid was determined as dispersant. The results showed that the dosage of dextrin was 20 mg / l under the conditions of four flocculants. The dosage of polycalcium chloride is 110 mg / l, the amount of polyaluminium and ferric chloride is 110 mg / l, the amount of potassium aluminum sulfate is 20 mg / l, and the pH is 6:00. The effect of selective flocculation of coal and kaolinite is better. Finally, the results of each medicament are compared, and it is concluded that the effect of aluminum sulfate as selective flocculant is better than that of kaolinite. The artificial mixed ore (ash is divided into 35 parts) is sorted under flocculation condition. The experiment shows that the dosage of citric acid is 20mg / l when the pulp concentration is 35g / l. When the amount of aluminum potassium sulfate is 140 mg / l, and the pH value is 6:00, the bottom ash can be divided into 14. 3% and the recovery rate is 59.65%. Selective flocculation is better. Infrared spectrum analysis shows that the kaolinite spectrum is basically unchanged before and after the addition of the agent. Kaolinite and potassium aluminate sulfate are physically adsorbed, while new absorption peaks appear in coal at 3580 cm ~ (-1), which may be the absorption peaks of hydroxyl groups, and the other absorption peaks move around the original position. The adsorption of coal with potassium aluminum sulfate is chemisorption, and the absolute value of kaolinite and coal potential decreases gradually after the addition of medicament, only when pH is 6:00. The absolute value of Zeta potential of kaolinite is relatively small, and the coal has a great change, which may result in charge adsorption with the reagent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TD94

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