發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-03 20:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 露天礦 地下水 物探方法　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在露天礦的開采過程中，炮孔水對(duì)生產(chǎn)的影響非常大。從經(jīng)濟(jì)角度講，富水的炮孔需要用到價(jià)格更高的乳化炸藥，生產(chǎn)成本非常大；從安全角度講炮孔水的賦存嚴(yán)重影響爆破效果,如果不能及時(shí)疏干會(huì)影響邊坡的穩(wěn)定性，容易造成滑坡。所以如何解決水患是露天礦開采的重要問題，而必須要做的是探明露天礦地下水的賦存情況。 本文首先討論了地下水對(duì)露天礦的影響方式和國(guó)內(nèi)外探測(cè)地下水的技術(shù)方法，在對(duì)高密度電法和地質(zhì)雷達(dá)兩種物探方法原理以及數(shù)據(jù)處理進(jìn)行理論分析之后，選擇綜合應(yīng)用這兩種物探方法對(duì)露天礦地下水進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究。 其次，對(duì)某露天礦一采場(chǎng)的地質(zhì)水文情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查，初步斷定采區(qū)巖石以板巖、白云巖和云母巖為主，兩條斷層平行切割礦區(qū)可能是水運(yùn)移的通道，同時(shí)利用露天礦不斷開采剝離的特殊性，通過礦區(qū)揭露的巖層中炮孔內(nèi)的水量調(diào)查，繪制了采區(qū)的富水預(yù)測(cè)圖。 最后，對(duì)勘探區(qū)進(jìn)行物探測(cè)量得到了地質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)，轉(zhuǎn)入室內(nèi)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理分析。對(duì)地質(zhì)雷達(dá)回波信號(hào)的偏移處理和高密度電阻率法的成像反演原理進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述。此外，根據(jù)實(shí)測(cè)的高密度電法數(shù)據(jù)用克里金空間數(shù)據(jù)插值法進(jìn)行了三維空間數(shù)據(jù)體分析。將炮孔實(shí)測(cè)圖、手繪地質(zhì)剖面圖和爆區(qū)預(yù)報(bào)平面圖等與高密度電法剖面圖進(jìn)行對(duì)比印證分析，綜合驗(yàn)證后得到較為準(zhǔn)確詳細(xì)的富水分布圖。 通過總結(jié)該露天礦地下水的調(diào)查研究，認(rèn)為綜合使用兩種物探方法對(duì)下水的研究，可以充分發(fā)揮兩者的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，較為準(zhǔn)確詳實(shí)的確定水分布區(qū)域和巖層含水特征，，在此基礎(chǔ)上為露天礦的水害防治提供一些建議。同時(shí)，為相關(guān)地下水研究領(lǐng)域的物探應(yīng)用提供了參考。
[Abstract]:In the mining process of opencast mine, the influence of perforated water on production is very great. From the economic point of view, water-rich holes need to use more expensive emulsion explosives, and the production cost is very large. From the safety point of view, the occurrence of borehole water has a serious impact on the blasting effect, if it cannot be drained in time, it will affect the stability of the slope and easily cause the landslide. So how to solve the flood problem is an important problem in open-pit mining. What must be done is to find out the occurrence of underground water in opencast mines. This paper first discusses the influence of groundwater on open-pit mine and the technical methods of groundwater detection at home and abroad. After the theoretical analysis of the principles and data processing of two geophysical prospecting methods of high-density electric method and ground penetrating radar. These two geophysical methods are used to investigate the underground water in open-pit mines. Secondly, the geological and hydrological conditions of the first stope of an open-pit mine are investigated, and it is preliminarily concluded that the main rock in the mining area is slate, dolomite and mica rock, and the two faults parallel cutting the mining area may be the passage of water migration. At the same time, by using the particularity of continuous mining and stripping in opencast mine, through the investigation of water quantity in the hole in the rock layer exposed by the mining area, the prediction map of water enrichment in the mining area is drawn. Finally, geological data are obtained by geophysical survey of the exploration area. The migration processing of echo signal of GPR and the imaging inversion principle of high density resistivity method are described in detail. Based on the measured data of high density electrical method, the volume analysis of 3D spatial data is carried out by using Kriging spatial data interpolation method. The hand-drawn geological profile and the blasting area prediction plan are compared with the high-density electrical section, and a more accurate and detailed water-rich distribution map is obtained after comprehensive verification. Through summing up the investigation and study of the underground water in the open-pit mine, it is considered that the advantages of the two methods can be brought into full play by the comprehensive use of the two geophysical methods for the study of the water. On the basis of this, some suggestions are provided for the prevention and control of water hazards in open-pit mines. At the same time, reference is provided for the geophysical exploration application in the field of related groundwater research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD824;TD163

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本文編號(hào)：1488266