本文關鍵詞： 垴窖鐵礦 采空區(qū) 聲發(fā)射 地壓活動 灰色—突變理論　出處：《武漢科技大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：鄂東地區(qū)中小型礦企數(shù)量眾多，高危采空區(qū)泛濫，失穩(wěn)事故頻發(fā)，空區(qū)防治手段相對落后，嚴重威脅著礦山安全生產。本文通過介紹中小型礦山監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的一般體系及聲發(fā)射監(jiān)測技術的基本原理，結合垴窖鐵礦現(xiàn)場實際情況，對地下采空區(qū)應力集中區(qū)域和關鍵性結構進行聲發(fā)射監(jiān)測，量化分析了各采空區(qū)圍巖及礦柱的應力場變化情況，初步得出了垴窖鐵礦采空區(qū)地壓活動的時空變化規(guī)律；同時，應用灰色—突變理論模型模擬和預測各監(jiān)測點的聲發(fā)射發(fā)展趨勢，并對當前地下采空區(qū)回采過程中地壓活動狀況及穩(wěn)定性進行了評價和預測。 研究表明，采空區(qū)開挖或空區(qū)規(guī)模變化引起的地壓活動是一個動態(tài)變化的過程，且存在在一定的滯后性；通過對比各監(jiān)測點聲發(fā)射參數(shù)大小表明，空區(qū)開挖等造成的各監(jiān)測區(qū)域之間的地壓活動強弱有明顯區(qū)別，但與監(jiān)測區(qū)域所在空間位置關系不大。此外，根據(jù)采空區(qū)監(jiān)測點長期的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，應用灰色—突變理論，預測垴窖鐵礦地下采空區(qū)短期內不會出現(xiàn)明顯的地壓活動，采空區(qū)基本處于相對穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。 通過垴窖鐵礦現(xiàn)場實踐表明，以聲發(fā)射監(jiān)測為基礎對礦山地下開采引發(fā)的地壓活動規(guī)律的研究，為礦山采空區(qū)礦石高效回采及殘礦安全回收提供了重要科學依據(jù)，為礦山的安全生產和可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了重要的保障。
[Abstract]:The number of small and medium-sized mining enterprises in East Hubei is numerous, the high risk goaf is flooded, the accidents of instability occur frequently, and the prevention and cure measures of the empty area are relatively backward. This paper introduces the general system of small and medium-sized mine monitoring system and the basic principle of acoustic emission monitoring technology, combined with the actual situation of Nao Jiao Iron Mine. The stress concentration area and key structure in underground goaf are monitored by acoustic emission, and the variation of stress field of surrounding rock and pillar in each goaf is analyzed quantitatively. The temporal and spatial variation of ground pressure activity in goaf area of Nao Jiao Iron Mine was preliminarily obtained. At the same time, the grey catastrophe theory model is used to simulate and predict the development trend of acoustic emission at various monitoring points, and the current ground pressure activity and stability in the process of mining in underground goaf are evaluated and forecasted. The research shows that the ground pressure activity caused by the excavation of goaf or the change of goaf scale is a dynamic change process and exists in a certain lag. By comparing the acoustic emission parameters of each monitoring point, it is shown that the ground pressure activity of each monitoring area caused by the excavation of the empty area is obviously different, but it has little relationship with the location of the monitoring area. Based on the long-term monitoring data of goaf monitoring points, the grey catastrophe theory is applied to predict that there will be no obvious ground pressure activity in the underground goaf of Nao Jiao Iron Mine in a short period of time, and the goaf is basically in a relatively stable state. Through the field practice of Nao Jiao Iron Mine, it is shown that the law of ground pressure activity caused by underground mining is studied on the basis of acoustic emission monitoring. It provides an important scientific basis for high efficiency mining of ore and safe recovery of residual ore in goaf, and provides an important guarantee for safe production and sustainable development of mines.
【學位授予單位】：武漢科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TD326

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