【摘要】：現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)對精度的追求極大地推動(dòng)了測試、光機(jī)電一體化和精密加工等技術(shù)的發(fā)展。精密氣浮轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)作為大口徑非球面回轉(zhuǎn)測量的主要執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu),其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是高精度、低摩擦、無污染。平面空氣靜壓止推軸承作為主要的支承部件承擔(dān)著整個(gè)氣浮轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)及其相關(guān)設(shè)備的重量,因而提高空氣靜壓軸承的承載能力,就成了氣體靜壓潤滑理論研究和空氣靜壓軸承設(shè)計(jì)的重要內(nèi)容。對用于精密回轉(zhuǎn)測量的雙軸氣浮轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)中氣體靜壓潤滑止推軸承進(jìn)行研究,基于氣體靜壓潤滑理論和計(jì)算流體力學(xué),建立靜壓止推軸承間隙流體仿真的控制方程,采用有限體積法中的二階迎風(fēng)格式離散。建立幾何結(jié)構(gòu)和網(wǎng)格模型,進(jìn)行入口壓力、出口壓力和壁面等邊界條件設(shè)置,運(yùn)用FLUENT軟件從優(yōu)化軸承結(jié)構(gòu)角度進(jìn)行仿真模擬。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,在單一圓形氣腔結(jié)構(gòu)中：供氣孔分布圓半徑在55mm附近時(shí)氣體消耗量最少,65mm附近時(shí)靜承載力最大,單位載荷氣體消耗率最低；對于單排供氣來說,30。均勻排列形式具有最大的靜承載力,60。非均勻排列形式的氣體消耗量和單位載荷氣體消耗率最小。在單一均壓槽結(jié)構(gòu)中：對于雙排供氣,交錯(cuò)分布優(yōu)于順序分布；小于22μm氣膜條件下,雙排均壓槽的靜承載力和靜剛度大于單排均壓槽,單排均壓槽的單位載荷氣體消耗率要��；對于提高靜壓軸承承載能力,開設(shè)雙排連接型均壓槽較優(yōu)。通過對仿真模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,在保證測試系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了靜承載力和靜剛度最大值時(shí)靜壓氣浮軸承的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,滿足精密測量技術(shù)對雙軸氣浮轉(zhuǎn)臺(tái)的承載要求,對工程實(shí)踐中靜壓止推軸承設(shè)計(jì)仿真工作有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The pursuit of modern production has greatly promoted the development of the technology such as testing, electro-mechanical integration and precision machining. The precision air-bearing rotary table is used as the main executing mechanism of large-caliber non-spherical rotation measurement, and has the advantages of high precision, low friction and no pollution. The plane-air static pressure thrust bearing, as the main bearing component, bears the weight of the whole air-bearing rotary table and its related equipment, thus improving the bearing capacity of the aerostatic bearing, and it is an important part of the research of the static-pressure lubrication theory and the design of the aerostatic-pressure bearing. In this paper, the hydrostatic lubrication thrust bearing in a double-shaft air-bearing turntable for precision rotation measurement is studied, and the control equation of the hydrostatic thrust bearing clearance fluid simulation is established based on the gas static pressure lubrication theory and the computational fluid mechanics, and the second-order upwind scheme is discrete in the finite volume method. The geometric structure and the mesh model are established, and the boundary conditions such as the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure and the wall surface are set, and the simulation is simulated by the FLUENT software from the angle of the optimized bearing structure. The results show that, in a single circular air cavity structure, the gas consumption is the least when the circular radius of the air supply hole is in the vicinity of 55 mm, the static bearing capacity is the maximum in the vicinity of 65 mm, the specific consumption rate of the unit load is the lowest, and for the single-row air supply,30. The uniform arrangement has the largest static bearing capacity,60. The gas consumption and the unit load gas consumption rate in the non-uniform arrangement form are the smallest. in a single-pressure groove structure, for double-row air supply, that cross distribution is superior to the sequence distribution; under the gas-film condition of less than 22 mu m, the static bearing capacity and the static rigidity of the double-row pressure-equalizing groove are larger than that of the single-row pressure-equalizing groove, and the unit load gas consumption rate of the single-row pressure-equalizing groove is small; In ord to improve that bearing capacity of the static pressure bearing, the double-row connection type pressure-equalizing groove is provide. Through the analysis of the simulation results, on the basis of ensuring the stability of the test system, the structure form of the static-pressure air-bearing bearing with the maximum static bearing capacity and the static stiffness maximum value is put forward, and the bearing requirement of the precision measuring technology on the double-shaft air-bearing turntable is met, It is of guiding significance to the design and simulation of static pressure thrust bearing in engineering practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH133.36

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