【摘要】：閥門作為超(超)臨界火電機組的關(guān)鍵配套產(chǎn)品,是保證機組安全、經(jīng)濟運行的重要設(shè)備之一。我國常規(guī)火電90%高端閥門長期依賴進口,而傳統(tǒng)的物理樣機試驗、靜態(tài)經(jīng)驗公式計算設(shè)計等方法根本不能滿足高參數(shù)閥門的設(shè)計要求。隨著計算機輔助設(shè)計技術(shù)及計算機性能的迅速發(fā)展,用數(shù)值模擬來解決高溫高壓差類閥門的主要問題成為可能。運用數(shù)值模擬的方法可對實驗難以測量的參數(shù)及靜態(tài)計算與實驗未考慮的問題進行預(yù)測,不需要大量的實驗,能顯著降低閥門的生產(chǎn)成本、縮短開發(fā)周期、優(yōu)化閥門結(jié)構(gòu)性能。 超(超)臨界蒸汽疏水閥作為長期進口高端閥門之一,難以實現(xiàn)國產(chǎn)化的最主要問題在于：需要深入研究疏水閥的內(nèi)部空化流動特性：對防空化元件進行深入研究,有效抑制空化的發(fā)生；解決閥體材料的選擇與強度問題。本文針對該問題進行了以下研究,為其它高溫高壓差類閥門的設(shè)計提供參考。 1)對超(超)臨界疏水閥數(shù)值模擬理論進行研究,建立三維模型,對閥內(nèi)流動進行空化流數(shù)值模擬,著重研究閥內(nèi)空化流動特性,獲取閥內(nèi)壓力、速度和液－汽體積分布等物理量的分布圖,預(yù)測空化的發(fā)生。模擬研究不同開度、壓力入口、壓力出口、密封面角度對空化發(fā)生的程度、區(qū)域及范圍的影響。 2)從理論上對多級降壓套筒的級數(shù)、開孔面積、級間間隙、厚度進行研究,并采用理論計算與數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法對控制多級節(jié)流過程的閥內(nèi)多級套筒防空化節(jié)流元件各參數(shù)如孔徑大小、級間間隙、開孔的類型、級間導(dǎo)流槽結(jié)構(gòu)等因素對閥內(nèi)流場的影響,尤其是對空化流動的影響進行深入研究。 3)建立疏水閥主要過流承壓部件與流體介質(zhì)耦合的幾何模型,利用ANYSY Workbench平臺進行熱流固耦合數(shù)值分析。著重研究工作狀態(tài)下疏水閥主要部件的溫度場、熱應(yīng)力及變形情況,并研究關(guān)閉狀態(tài)疏水閥的強度問題。
[Abstract]:Valve, as the key supporting product of super (super) critical thermal power unit, is one of the important equipment to ensure the safety and economic operation of the unit. 90% of the conventional thermal power high-end valves in China rely on import for a long time, but the traditional physical prototype test and static empirical formula calculation and design methods can not meet the design requirements of high-parameter valves. With the rapid development of computer aided design technology and computer performance, it is possible to solve the main problems of high temperature and high pressure differential valves by numerical simulation. The numerical simulation method can be used to predict the parameters that are difficult to measure in the experiment and the static calculation and the problems not considered in the experiment. Without a large number of experiments, the production cost of the valve can be significantly reduced, the development cycle can be shortened, and the valve structure and performance can be optimized. As one of the high-end valves imported for a long time, the most important problem that it is difficult to realize localization is that the internal cavitation flow characteristics of the drain valve need to be deeply studied: the anti-cavitation elements are deeply studied. Effectively inhibit the occurrence of cavitation; Solve the problem of material selection and strength of valve body. In this paper, the following research is carried out to provide reference for the design of other high temperature and high pressure differential valves. The main contents are as follows: 1) the numerical simulation theory of super critical hydrophobic valve is studied, and a three-dimensional model is established to simulate the cavitation flow in the valve, with emphasis on the cavitation flow characteristics in the valve and the pressure in the valve. The distribution maps of physical quantities such as velocity and liquid-vapor volume distribution predict the occurrence of cavitation. The effects of different opening, pressure inlet, pressure outlet and sealing surface angle on the degree, area and range of cavitation are simulated and studied. 2) the series, opening area, interstage gap and thickness of the multistage pressure reduction sleeve are studied theoretically. The parameters of multistage sleeve anti-cavitation throttling element, such as aperture size, interstage gap and opening type, are studied by means of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. The influence of interstage diversion slot structure on the flow field in the valve, especially on the cavitation flow, is studied in detail. 3) the geometric model of the coupling between the main overcurrent pressure components of the hydrophobic valve and the fluid medium is established, and the numerical analysis of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling is carried out by using the ANYSY Workbench platform. The temperature field, thermal stress and deformation of the main components of the hydrophobic valve under working condition are studied, and the strength of the hydrophobic valve in the closed state is also studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH134;TM621

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本文編號：2493023