發(fā)布時間：2019-06-04 14:41

【摘要】：形狀優(yōu)化設計作為結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設計的一個重要分支，可以通過改變區(qū)域的幾何形狀來達到某種約束條件下的最優(yōu)，并要求某些物理量在邊界上滿足某種要求，以改善結(jié)構(gòu)的特性。在以往的形狀優(yōu)化設計過程中，很多是把節(jié)點坐標和節(jié)點坐標組合作為設計變量，這些描述結(jié)構(gòu)形狀的方法設計變量多，不易收斂，且在優(yōu)化迭代過程中易發(fā)生網(wǎng)格畸變的一些問題。如何建立一個能夠保證結(jié)構(gòu)分析網(wǎng)格不發(fā)生畸變，通過較少的設計變量就可以方便而有效地控制和描述復雜形狀變化的方法，是一個受到普遍關注的關鍵課題。 針對目前形狀優(yōu)化設計的難點問題，本文提出一種基于基本形狀向量法的復雜結(jié)構(gòu)形狀優(yōu)化設計方法。建立了一套基本形狀向量法的優(yōu)化設計理論模型，對基本形狀向量法的關鍵問題進行了研究，編制了基本形狀向量法的分析和優(yōu)化程序，最后利用編制的分析和優(yōu)化程序?qū)拘螤钕蛄糠ㄟM行了實例驗證并取得了良好的優(yōu)化效果。 本文主要完成了以下幾個方面的研究： （1）深入研究了結(jié)構(gòu)形狀優(yōu)化的基本理論，對結(jié)構(gòu)形狀優(yōu)化的邊界描述方法、設計變量和目標函數(shù)的選擇、約束條件的確定進行了分析。將基本形狀向量的概念引入結(jié)構(gòu)形狀優(yōu)化設計中，研究基本形狀優(yōu)化算法，建立了基于基本向量法結(jié)構(gòu)形狀優(yōu)化設計的優(yōu)化模型。 （2）對基本形狀向量法諸如基本形狀獨立性的檢查，基本形狀變化時其內(nèi)部形狀的從屬變動問題等關鍵問題進行了研究，，并通過算例對其進行驗證，得出了基本形狀向量法在解決具有工藝約束和結(jié)構(gòu)約束的形狀設計的優(yōu)越性。 （3）對基本形狀向量生成方法進行了研究，研究了網(wǎng)格劃分軟件模塊開發(fā)難點，提出了關聯(lián)線（面）法、節(jié)點均勻化法、映射變化法等幾種基本形狀向量的生成方法。 （4）深入研究基本形狀向量法的分析程序算法和優(yōu)化算法，并基于基本形狀向量法利用C語言進行了分析程序和優(yōu)化程序的編制。 （5）利用編制的分析程序和優(yōu)化程序，結(jié)合MATLAB、Hyperworks軟件對汽輪機葉根齒形和汽車發(fā)動機支架進行了形狀優(yōu)化設計。從設計結(jié)果來看，對具有結(jié)構(gòu)約束的結(jié)構(gòu)，利用基本形狀向量法在改善結(jié)構(gòu)應力、降低結(jié)構(gòu)重量的形狀優(yōu)化設計中可以達到較好的優(yōu)化效果。
[Abstract]:Shape optimization design, as an important branch of structural optimization design, can achieve the optimization under certain constraint conditions by changing the geometric shape of the region, and some physical quantities are required to meet certain requirements on the boundary in order to improve the characteristics of the structure. In the process of shape optimization design in the past, many of them take the combination of node coordinates and node coordinates as design variables. These methods to describe the shape of the structure have many design variables and are not easy to converge. Some problems of grid distortion are easy to occur in the process of optimization iteration. How to establish a method which can ensure that the structural analysis grid does not distort and can easily and effectively control and describe the complex shape change through fewer design variables is a key topic which has been paid more and more attention. In order to solve the difficult problems of shape optimization design, a shape optimization design method for complex structures based on basic shape vector method is proposed in this paper. A set of optimization design theoretical model of basic shape vector method is established, the key problems of basic shape vector method are studied, and the analysis and optimization program of basic shape vector method are compiled. Finally, the basic shape vector method is verified by the analysis and optimization program, and good optimization results are obtained. In this paper, the following aspects are studied: (1) the basic theory of structural shape optimization, the boundary description method of structural shape optimization, the selection of design variables and objective functions are deeply studied. The determination of constraint conditions is analyzed. The concept of basic shape vector is introduced into structural shape optimization design, the basic shape optimization algorithm is studied, and the optimization model of structural shape optimization design based on basic vector method is established. (2) the key problems of basic shape vector method, such as the inspection of basic shape independence and the subordinate variation of its internal shape when the basic shape changes, are studied and verified by an example. The advantages of the basic shape vector method in solving the shape design with process constraints and structural constraints are obtained. (3) the generation method of basic shape vector is studied, and the development difficulties of grid division software module are studied. Several basic shape vector generation methods, such as correlation line (surface) method, node homogenization method, mapping change method and so on, are put forward. (4) the analysis program algorithm and optimization algorithm of the basic shape vector method are deeply studied, and the analysis program and optimization program are compiled by using C language based on the basic shape vector method. (5) the shape optimization design of turbine blade root tooth profile and automobile engine support is carried out by using the compiled analysis program and optimization program, combined with MATLAB,Hyperworks software. From the design results, the basic shape vector method can be used to improve the structural stress and reduce the weight of the structure in the shape optimization design of the structure with structural constraints.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH122

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本文編號：2492793