【摘要】：我公司某12擋變速箱是引進日產(chǎn)柴公司的12擋變速箱，經(jīng)過我公司對該產(chǎn)品技術(shù)的消化、吸收、掌握，在此基礎(chǔ)上自主研發(fā)的12擋變速箱。該變速箱于2006年開始在國內(nèi)市場上生產(chǎn)、銷售。該變速箱具有以下幾個特點： 1)采用壓鑄鋁殼體變速箱，總重只有292Kg，重量減輕100Kg； 2)采用前副箱+主箱+后副箱的全同步器多擋位變速箱總成； 3)變速箱副箱切換采用電子控制，通過TCU控制電磁閥對副箱進行換擋操縱，配合擋位識別功能，使可靠性更高； 4)變速箱裝有機油濾清器，過濾變速箱潤滑油的雜質(zhì)，保證變速箱潤滑油的清潔，針對不同的使用環(huán)境，可以加裝油冷器，降低變速箱工作油溫，延長變速箱內(nèi)部齒輪、同步器及軸承的使用壽命； 該變速箱在進入市場以來，首先在國內(nèi)牽引車市場上使用。由于其重量輕，操縱簡單，比同類型變速箱百公里省5-10個油，非常適合公路用車的使用，滿足國內(nèi)及國際市場高速運輸?shù)氖褂�，在市場上受到了用戶的好評。 在工程車的匹配中，市場上出現(xiàn)了后副箱低擋齒輪打齒的故障。為進一步拓展市場，提高市場占有率，使之能適應工程車的使用要求。由于此次改進的限制，不能對變速箱的外形及連接尺寸做大的變更，最大限度保證與原狀態(tài)零件的通用性，需要對后副箱低擋齒輪進行精細設計。 本文從影響后副箱齒輪強度的相關(guān)因素出發(fā)：1）后副箱殼體變形；2）副輸出軸受力變形；3）齒輪在重載下的嚙合狀態(tài)。由于殼體為不規(guī)則形狀，常規(guī)的計算方法無法準確計算出變形量，，通過齒輪的接觸應力分析，確定變速箱低擋齒輪的修形量，是此次研究的重點。目前，ANSYS軟件的接觸分析功能在各種數(shù)值分析軟件中分析功能較強。在分析中，對模型的建立、模型的簡化、模型計算參數(shù)的選擇上進行了研究，注重探索齒輪嚙合時的實際工況情況下的應力狀態(tài)進行分析。[1] ANSYS軟件是大型通用有限元分析軟件，具有強大的建模功能，而且ANSYS還提供了與其它軟件接口功能，可以將其它利用軟件建立的三維模型輸入到ANSYS中使用。[2]本文中的殼體已經(jīng)采用Pro/E軟件建模，殼體的分析采用Pro/e軟件進行分析。齒輪的三維實體模型，為在ANSYS中精確建立零件模型提供了一種方法。 對于有限元分析法來說，網(wǎng)格的劃分最主要的。ANSYS軟件中雖然提供了相應的網(wǎng)格劃分功能。如果直接采用軟件系統(tǒng)的自由網(wǎng)格劃分功能，輪齒和輪體劃分出的單元會有較大的誤差，會影響計算精度。本文在對齒輪的三維實體模型進行網(wǎng)格劃分時，對輪齒的接觸部位進行了重點劃分，劃分成若干個相互粘接的小實體，最終形成齒輪的有限元模型。[2] 后副箱殼體的變形對齒輪的接觸應力影響較大，本文分析了由于殼體變形對齒輪嚙合應力的影響，對不同螺旋角的嚙合進行了分析，結(jié)合理論計算及臺架試驗，最終確認齒輪修形參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:Our company a 12-gear gearbox is the introduction of Nissan firewood company 12-gear gearbox, after our company's digestion, absorption, mastery of the product technology, on this basis, independent research and development of the 12-gear gearbox. The gearbox began to be produced and sold in the domestic market in 2006. The gearbox has the following characteristics: 1) the die casting aluminum shell gearbox is adopted, the total weight is only 292kg, the weight is reduced by 100kg, 2) the full synchronizer multi-gear gearbox assembly of the main and rear auxiliary box of the front and auxiliary box is adopted; 3) the switching of gearbox auxiliary box adopts electronic control, and the auxiliary box is controlled by TCU control solenoid valve, which is coordinated with the function of retaining position identification to make the reliability higher. 4) the gearbox is equipped with an oil filter to filter the impurities of the gearbox lubricating oil to ensure the cleanliness of the gearbox lubricating oil. According to the different operating environment, the oil cooler can be installed, the working oil temperature of the gearbox can be reduced, and the internal gear of the gearbox can be prolonged. The service life of synchronizer and bearing; Since entering the market, the gearbox has been first used in the domestic tractor market. Because of its light weight and simple operation, it saves 5 to 10 oil compared with the same type of gearbox, which is very suitable for the use of highway vehicles, meets the use of high-speed transportation in the domestic and international markets, and has been well received by users in the market. In the matching of engineering vehicles, there is a failure of low gear in the rear auxiliary box in the market. In order to further expand the market, increase market share, so that it can meet the requirements of the use of engineering vehicles. Due to the limitation of this improvement, the shape and connection size of the gearbox can not be changed greatly, and the universality with the original state parts can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, so it is necessary to design the low gear of the rear auxiliary box. In this paper, the related factors affecting the strength of the rear auxiliary box gear are as follows: 1) the deformation of the rear auxiliary box shell, 2) the stress deformation of the auxiliary output shaft, and 3) the meshing state of the gear under heavy load. Because of the irregular shape of the shell, the conventional calculation method can not accurately calculate the deformation. Through the contact stress analysis of the gear, the modification of the low gear of the gearbox is the focus of this study. At present, the contact analysis function of ANSYS software is strong in all kinds of numerical analysis software. In the analysis, the establishment of the model, the simplification of the model and the selection of the calculation parameters of the model are studied. The stress state under the actual working condition of gear meshing is analyzed. [1] ANSYS software is a large general finite element analysis software, which has powerful modeling function, and ANSYS also provides interface function with other software. Other 3D models established by software can be input into ANSYS. [2] the shell in this paper has been modeled by Pro/E software, and the shell analysis is analyzed by Pro/e software. The three-dimensional solid model of gear provides a method for accurately establishing the part model in ANSYS. For the finite element analysis method, the grid division is the most important. Although the corresponding grid division function is provided in ANSYS software. If the free grid division function of the software system is directly adopted, the unit divided by the gear tooth and the gear body will have a large error, which will affect the calculation accuracy. In this paper, when the three-dimensional solid model of gear is meshed, the contact parts of gear teeth are divided into several small bodies which are bonded to each other. Finally, the finite element model of the gear is formed. [2] the deformation of the rear auxiliary box shell has a great influence on the contact stress of the gear. In this paper, due to the influence of the shell deformation on the meshing stress of the gear, the meshing of different spiral angles is analyzed. Combined with theoretical calculation and bench test, the gear modification parameters are finally confirmed.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH132.41

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 李盼;基于有限元的碟式分離機應力分析與結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化[D];廣東海洋大學;2013年

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