【摘要】：安全閥是承壓系統(tǒng)重要的保護裝置之一,其重要的技術(shù)指標是需要保持良好的密封性能,然而實際情況中,安全閥的密封面經(jīng)常因為加工的缺陷、回座沖擊變形過大等原因造成安全閥的密封效果達不到要求。為此,本文采用有限元模擬和中子衍射測量技術(shù)、三坐標儀測量技術(shù)對安全閥閥座的應(yīng)力分布和塑性變形進行了計算模擬和實驗測量驗證。研究的主要內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下： (1)采用達朗伯原理解析計算安全閥回座沖擊的時間,研究安全閥閥瓣尺寸、閥瓣類型以及回座沖擊速度對沖擊時間的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)安全閥的回座沖擊時間主要與安全閥沖擊接觸面的尺寸以及閥瓣的剛性有關(guān)。 (2)采用有限元模擬不同閥瓣結(jié)構(gòu)的安全閥密封性能以及對回座沖擊緩沖效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用剛性較小的閥瓣,安全閥的密封性能較好,采用彈性閥瓣能對回座沖擊進行有效緩沖,有利于安全閥的長期穩(wěn)定運行。 (3)采用有限元模擬和中子衍射測量技術(shù)、三坐標儀測量技術(shù)對沖擊速度和次數(shù)對安全閥閥座的應(yīng)力分布和塑性變形的影響進行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)閥瓣與閥座接觸時速度為3m/s,進行4-10次的預(yù)沖擊能將安全閥閥座原有的殘余拉伸應(yīng)力降到最低,有利于安全閥服役壽命提高,同時發(fā)現(xiàn)600次回座沖擊下,密封面及閥座的塑性變形可以忽略,對安全閥密封性能和整定壓力的影響可以不計。據(jù)此,提出采用預(yù)沖擊改善安全閥閥座結(jié)構(gòu)完整性的設(shè)想和原則。
[Abstract]:Safety valve is one of the important protective devices in pressure-bearing system, and its important technical index is to maintain good sealing performance. However, in practice, the sealing surface of safety valve is often due to the defects of machining. The sealing effect of the safety valve can not meet the requirements due to the excessive impact deformation of the return seat. Therefore, the stress distribution and plastic deformation of the safety valve seat are simulated and verified by using the finite element simulation and neutron diffraction measurement technique and the three-coordinate measuring technique. The main contents and conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the impact time of safety valve return seat is calculated analytically by using Daramber principle, and the influence of valve disc size, disc type and return impact speed on impact time is studied. It is found that the impact time of the return seat of the safety valve is mainly related to the size of the impact contact surface of the safety valve and the rigidity of the disc. (2) using the finite element method to simulate the sealing performance of the safety valve with different disc structure and the impact buffering effect on the return seat, it is found that the sealing performance of the safety valve is better with the less rigid disc. The use of elastic disc can effectively cushion the impact of the return seat, which is conducive to the long-term stable operation of the safety valve. (3) the influence of impact velocity and times on stress distribution and plastic deformation of safety valve seat was studied by using finite element simulation and neutron diffraction measurement technique and three coordinate measuring technique. It is found that the original residual tensile stress of the safety valve seat can be minimized when the disc is in contact with the seat at a speed of 3 m / s, and the original residual tensile stress of the safety valve seat can be minimized when the disc is in contact with the seat. At the same time, it is found that the service life of the safety valve can be improved when the valve disc is in contact with the seat. Plastic deformation of sealing surface and seat can be ignored, and the effect on sealing performance and setting pressure of safety valve can be ignored. Based on this, the idea and principle of using pre-shock to improve the structural integrity of safety valve seat are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH134

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