【摘要】：液壓元器件測(cè)試平臺(tái)主要用于液壓元器件的性能測(cè)試,并為其繼續(xù)使用或更換提供試驗(yàn)參考數(shù)據(jù)。傳統(tǒng)的液壓測(cè)試平臺(tái)采用“傳感器+模擬二次儀表”的方式,手動(dòng)操作,手工記錄,工作量大,工作效率低,可靠性差。隨著液壓技術(shù)越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用,對(duì)高度自動(dòng)化的液壓元件測(cè)試系統(tǒng)的需求也日益增長(zhǎng)。本文主要針對(duì)作為該類測(cè)試系統(tǒng)核心開發(fā)內(nèi)容的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究。 本文首先根據(jù)測(cè)試平臺(tái)人機(jī)交互頻繁,對(duì)外界環(huán)境監(jiān)視、控制量大的特點(diǎn)確定了以工控機(jī)作為上位機(jī)、PLC作為下位機(jī)的分布式基本體系結(jié)構(gòu)。然后,采用用例分析技術(shù)建立系統(tǒng)的功能需要模型,以此作為進(jìn)一步開發(fā)的依據(jù)。在需求分析的基礎(chǔ)上,抽象出更具有普遍性的試驗(yàn)用軟件人機(jī)交互模式,并且將其映射到基于西門子公司組態(tài)軟件Wincc的上位機(jī)界面布局和系統(tǒng)功能設(shè)計(jì)。試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的處理、存儲(chǔ)和打印報(bào)表則是通過Wincc操作Access數(shù)據(jù)庫的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)。接下來研究了如何上下位機(jī)協(xié)調(diào)實(shí)現(xiàn)多工況循環(huán)等典型功能,以及上下位機(jī)的命令、反饋和采集數(shù)據(jù)的交互協(xié)議。在下位機(jī)的PLC控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)研究中,首先根據(jù)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)各部分的空間分布特點(diǎn)和對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)的性能要求,選擇CPU315-2PN/DP作為主站,ET200M作為從站,使用PROFIBUS-DP網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行通訊的方式作為PLC系統(tǒng)的基本結(jié)構(gòu),然后通過綜合考慮I/O信號(hào)、模塊功能、存儲(chǔ)容量等因素完成PLC的硬件選型。其后,采用模塊化的方式進(jìn)行PLC的軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)。本文最后提出了一種在Wincc與PLC間通過采用原始數(shù)據(jù)變量進(jìn)行通訊來實(shí)現(xiàn)的PLC高速數(shù)據(jù)采集的解決方案,可將Wincc中的數(shù)據(jù)采集時(shí)間由原來的250ms降低至20ms以下。 在實(shí)際工作中,根據(jù)上述設(shè)計(jì)分別編制了上位機(jī)和下位機(jī)程序,通過測(cè)試應(yīng)用到實(shí)際系統(tǒng)中。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic component testing platform is mainly used for performance testing of hydraulic components and provides test reference data for its continued use or replacement. The traditional hydraulic testing platform adopts the way of "sensor simulating secondary instrument", manual operation, manual recording, large workload, low working efficiency and poor reliability. With the application of hydraulic technology more and more widely, the demand for highly automated testing system for hydraulic components is increasing day by day. This paper mainly focuses on the research of the control system, which is the core development content of this kind of test system. Firstly, according to the characteristics of frequent human-computer interaction, monitoring of external environment and large amount of control, this paper determines the basic distributed architecture of industrial computer as upper computer and PLC as lower computer. Then, the functional requirement model of the system is established by using use case analysis technology, which is used as the basis for further development. On the basis of requirement analysis, the more universal human-computer interaction model of test software is abstracted, and it is mapped to the interface layout and system function design of upper computer based on Siemens configuration software Wincc. The processing, storing and printing of the experimental data are realized by using Wincc to operate the Access database. Next, it studies how to coordinate and realize the typical functions such as multi-working cycle, and the interactive protocol of command, feedback and data collection between the upper and lower computers. In the design of the PLC control system of the lower computer, firstly, according to the spatial distribution characteristics of each part of the test platform and the performance requirements of the control system, CPU315-2PN/DP is chosen as the master station and ET200M as the slave station. The communication mode of PROFIBUS-DP network is used as the basic structure of PLC system, and then the hardware selection of PLC is completed by considering the factors such as I / O signal, module function, storage capacity and so on. After that, the software system of PLC is designed by modularization. At the end of this paper, a solution of PLC high-speed data acquisition between Wincc and PLC is proposed, which can reduce the data acquisition time of Wincc from the original 250ms to less than 20ms by using the original data variables to communicate with each other. In the actual work, according to the above design, the upper computer and the lower computer program are programmed, and applied to the actual system through the test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH137;TP273

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