【摘要】：直驅(qū)式液壓系統(tǒng)是近些年發(fā)展起來的機(jī)電液相結(jié)合的新型系統(tǒng),兼具交流伺服電機(jī)控制的靈活性與液壓系統(tǒng)出力大雙重優(yōu)點(diǎn)。體積小、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、節(jié)能高效、便于計(jì)算機(jī)控制使其在航天、國防、以及民用工業(yè)中得到應(yīng)用并取得巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。被認(rèn)為是液壓控制領(lǐng)域的重要發(fā)展方向之一。 斗輪機(jī)是一種廣泛應(yīng)用于礦山、港口、電廠、建材等行業(yè)的大型散料裝卸設(shè)備。主機(jī)俯仰運(yùn)動(dòng)是其工作的主要環(huán)節(jié),耗能較大,并常伴隨臂架容易振動(dòng)的問題。本文以DQ1250.35型斗輪機(jī)為例,提出了改進(jìn)的主機(jī)俯仰直驅(qū)式液壓系統(tǒng)方案,并分別用兩種控制方式對(duì)其控制,仿真分析了其靜動(dòng)特性。 本文對(duì)斗輪機(jī)主機(jī)俯仰運(yùn)動(dòng)在空載、取料、堆料三種工況下的液壓缸受力進(jìn)行量化分析。指出受配重影響,液壓缸將受到負(fù)壓的情況,同時(shí),指出了配重與液壓缸受力大小及變化幅度的關(guān)系,總結(jié)了降低系統(tǒng)裝機(jī)功率的規(guī)律。 分析了系統(tǒng)建立背壓的必要性以及背壓值的求解方法。指出了現(xiàn)有液壓系統(tǒng)鎖閥和背壓閥的不合理選用是導(dǎo)致臂架振動(dòng)的原因,并給出改進(jìn)措施。提出了滿足斗輪機(jī)主機(jī)俯仰運(yùn)動(dòng)指標(biāo)的直驅(qū)式液壓系統(tǒng)方案,對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),將系統(tǒng)主要部件集成在液壓包內(nèi),使系統(tǒng)體積大為減小。 分別建立了U/f控制和矢量控制兩種模式下異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,分析了通過低壓補(bǔ)償可以消除U/f控制方式下異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的死區(qū)誤差,并分析了U/f控制方式應(yīng)用的局限性。對(duì)矢量控制異步電動(dòng)機(jī)做了比較精確的仿真,分析表明矢量控制異步電動(dòng)機(jī)具有良好的靜動(dòng)特性,適合作為直驅(qū)式液壓系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力源。 建立了泵控非對(duì)稱缸液壓系統(tǒng)模型,仿真分析了影響系統(tǒng)靜動(dòng)特性的因素。分別建立了U/f控制和矢量控制兩種模式下直驅(qū)式液壓系統(tǒng)模型,仿真分析了其作為斗輪機(jī)主機(jī)俯仰運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)力裝置的可行性,并為進(jìn)一步研究直驅(qū)式液壓系統(tǒng)提供了有益的仿真分析方法。
[Abstract]:Direct drive hydraulic system is a new system developed in recent years. It has the advantages of flexibility of AC servo motor control and large output of hydraulic system. It has the advantages of small size, simple structure, high energy saving and high efficiency. It is convenient for computer control to be applied in aerospace, national defense and civil industry, and great economic and social benefits have been obtained. It is considered to be one of the important development directions in the field of hydraulic control. Bucket turbine is widely used in mines, ports, power plants, building materials and other industries of large-scale bulk loading and unloading equipment. The pitching motion of the main engine is the main part of its work, which consumes a lot of energy and is often accompanied by the problem that the boom is easy to vibrate. Taking DQ1250.35 type bucket turbine as an example, this paper presents an improved hydraulic system scheme of main engine pitching direct drive, which is controlled by two kinds of control methods, and its static and dynamic characteristics are simulated and analyzed. In this paper, the force of hydraulic cylinder under three working conditions, namely, no-load, material-taking and pile-up, is analyzed quantitatively for the pitching motion of the main engine of the bucket turbine. It is pointed out that the hydraulic cylinder will be subjected to negative pressure due to the influence of weight. At the same time, the relationship between the load weight and the magnitude and variation of the hydraulic cylinder force is pointed out, and the law of reducing the installed power of the system is summarized. The necessity of establishing the back pressure and the solution method of the back pressure value are analyzed. It is pointed out that the unreasonable selection of lock valve and back pressure valve in hydraulic system is the cause of boom vibration, and the improvement measures are given. This paper presents a direct drive hydraulic system scheme which meets the pitching motion index of the main engine of the bucket turbine. The structure of the system is designed, and the main components of the system are integrated into the hydraulic package, which greatly reduces the volume of the system. The mathematical models of asynchronous motor in two modes are established. The dead-time error of asynchronous motor is eliminated by low-voltage compensation, and the dead-time error of asynchronous motor is eliminated by means of low-voltage compensation, and the mathematical models of asynchronous motor in UFCs and vector control modes are established. At the same time, the limitation of UFF control mode is analyzed. The accurate simulation of vector-controlled asynchronous motor is carried out. The analysis shows that vector-controlled asynchronous motor has good static and dynamic characteristics and is suitable as the power source of direct-drive hydraulic system. The hydraulic system model of pump-controlled asymmetric cylinder is established, and the factors affecting the static and dynamic characteristics of the system are simulated and analyzed. In this paper, the models of direct drive hydraulic system are established, and the feasibility of using it as the power unit of pitching motion of the main engine of the bucket engine is simulated and analyzed. It also provides a useful simulation and analysis method for the further study of direct drive hydraulic system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH237

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