【摘要】：行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)是大型立式減速器的核心部件,其性能直接影響到整個系統(tǒng)的運作,設(shè)計過程中既要保證其傳動的安全性,又要盡量的減小它的體積。因此如何合理的確定傳動系統(tǒng)中各項參數(shù)的配置,一直是困擾設(shè)計人員的主要問題。現(xiàn)代的機(jī)械優(yōu)化設(shè)計得益于其設(shè)計周期短,人力物力耗費較少等優(yōu)點,已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用在這項設(shè)計之中。 但是現(xiàn)行常用的優(yōu)化設(shè)計往往考慮的設(shè)計變量和邊界條件不夠全面,如:漏掉了很多影響傳動的因素,且將應(yīng)力、強(qiáng)度等視為固定不變的值。這樣無論在經(jīng)濟(jì)上還是在實用上都不會得到問題的最優(yōu)解。鑒于以上因素,本文首先引入可靠性方面的理論重新構(gòu)建了更為完整的多目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型,隨后利用兩種數(shù)學(xué)軟件Matlab、Lingo,三種方法分別編程對模型進(jìn)行求解,并將得到的輪系參數(shù)組合的新系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行靜態(tài)特性的對比分析,以確定最為合理的優(yōu)化結(jié)果。 為確保系統(tǒng)有良好的動態(tài)性能,本文利用pro/e結(jié)合adams軟件,建立實際的齒輪嚙合模型進(jìn)行運動學(xué)仿真,用以觀察傳動系統(tǒng)運行時齒輪的嚙合,對比分析優(yōu)化前后系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)嚙合力特性。隨后將整個傳動系統(tǒng)等效為平移-扭轉(zhuǎn)的彈簧-阻尼集中質(zhì)量模型,并通過對其進(jìn)行的模態(tài)分析,最終得到模型的固有頻率和模態(tài)振型,以驗證優(yōu)化后的模型是否會發(fā)生共振。 行星傳動需要行星架組件結(jié)構(gòu)來支持,為保證行星架在優(yōu)化后系統(tǒng)中的安全性,對其進(jìn)行受力分析。在獲得了行星架整體結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力場和位移場的情況下,觀察到其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計趨于保守,所以利用Ansys建立其參數(shù)化有限元模型,并對其進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計,使得新的行星架組件即可以配合優(yōu)化后的齒輪傳動,又可以在滿足自身的強(qiáng)度要求的前提下適當(dāng)減重。 本文最終通過對齒輪系統(tǒng)參數(shù)和行星架組件參數(shù)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計達(dá)到了在安全范圍內(nèi)降低整個傳動系統(tǒng)成本的效果。
[Abstract]:Planetary gear transmission system is the core component of large-scale vertical reducer, its performance directly affects the operation of the whole system. In the design process, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the transmission and reduce its volume as much as possible. Therefore, how to reasonably determine the configuration of the parameters in the transmission system has always been a major problem for designers. Modern mechanical optimization design has been widely used in this design because of its short design cycle and low cost of manpower and material resources. However, the design variables and boundary conditions which are often considered in the current optimization design are not comprehensive, for example, a lot of factors affecting the transmission are omitted, and the stress and strength are regarded as fixed constant values. In this way, neither economic nor practical can obtain the optimal solution of the problem. In view of the above factors, this paper first introduces the reliability theory to re-construct a more complete multi-objective optimization mathematical model, and then uses two mathematical software Matlab,Lingo, three methods to solve the model separately. In order to determine the most reasonable optimization result, the static characteristics of the new system with the combination of gear train parameters are compared and analyzed in order to determine the most reasonable optimization results. In order to ensure the good dynamic performance of the system, this paper uses pro/e and adams software to establish the actual gear meshing model for kinematics simulation to observe the gear meshing when the transmission system is running. The characteristics of dynamic meshing force before and after optimization are compared and analyzed. Then the whole transmission system is equivalent to a translation-torsion spring-damping lumped mass model, and through modal analysis, the natural frequency and mode shape of the model are finally obtained to verify the resonance of the optimized model. Planetary transmission needs the support of planetary frame component structure. In order to ensure the safety of planetary rack in the optimized system, the force analysis of planetary rack is carried out. Under the condition of obtaining the stress field and displacement field of the whole structure of the planetary frame, it is observed that the structure design tends to be conservative, so the parametric finite element model of the planetary frame is established by using Ansys, and the corresponding optimization design is carried out. The new planetary rack assembly can not only match the optimized gear transmission, but also reduce the weight properly on the premise of satisfying its own strength requirements. In this paper, the optimal design of gear system parameters and planetary frame components parameters has achieved the effect of reducing the cost of the whole transmission system within the safe range.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH132.46

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