機(jī)械可靠性設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)涵與遞進(jìn) 機(jī)械技術(shù)文檔 下載(1.34M,pdf格式) www.jxdigu
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本文關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)械可靠性設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)涵與遞進(jìn)，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。
張義民
(東北大學(xué)機(jī)械工程與自動(dòng)化學(xué)院 沈陽 110004)
摘要：機(jī)械可靠性設(shè)計(jì)的基本任務(wù)是在故障物理學(xué)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合可靠性試驗(yàn)以及故障數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，提供實(shí)際計(jì)算
的數(shù)學(xué)力學(xué)模型和方法及實(shí)踐。這樣就可以在機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的研制階段，估計(jì)或預(yù)測(cè)產(chǎn)品在規(guī)定工作條件下的工作能力狀態(tài)或壽
命，保證產(chǎn)品具有所需的可靠性。結(jié)合現(xiàn)代數(shù)學(xué)力學(xué)理論，系統(tǒng)地闡明機(jī)械可靠性設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械動(dòng)態(tài)可靠性設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械可靠性
優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械可靠性靈敏度設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械可靠性穩(wěn)健設(shè)計(jì)等系列可靠性設(shè)計(jì)理論與方法內(nèi)涵與遞進(jìn)，，力圖為解決我國(guó)機(jī)械工
程領(lǐng)域可靠性設(shè)計(jì)核心技術(shù)缺乏的問題指明路線與途徑以及為形成產(chǎn)品自主研發(fā)能力提供技術(shù)服務(wù)和儲(chǔ)備， 對(duì)工程實(shí)際的機(jī)
械可靠性設(shè)計(jì)提供系統(tǒng)成組的理論與方法，可以為機(jī)械行業(yè)提供可靠性分析與設(shè)計(jì)的技術(shù)服務(wù)。
關(guān)鍵詞： 機(jī)械產(chǎn)品 可靠性設(shè)計(jì) 動(dòng)態(tài)可靠性設(shè)計(jì) 可靠性優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 可靠性靈敏度設(shè)計(jì) 可靠性穩(wěn)健設(shè)計(jì) 任意分布參數(shù)
中圖分類號(hào)：TH122
Connotation and Development of Mechanical Reliability-based Design
ZHANG Yimin
(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004)
Abstract：Based on the reliability test and statistical analysis of the failure data, the basic task of mechanical reliability design is to
propose mathematical-mechanical models and methods for engineering practice. In this way the working state and life of the
mechanical product under the prescriptive working condition can be predicted in the design stage. The connotation and development
of mechanical reliability-based design is expounded by integrating modern mathematical-mechanical theories. A series of theories
and approaches, such as the mechanical reliability-based design, dynamic reliability-based design, reliability-based optimization
design, reliability-based sensitivity design, reliability-based robust design, are explained clearly and systematically. The route and
way are pointed out to solve the problem of lack of kernel technologies for reliability-based design in the field of mechanical
engineering. The reliability technique service and reserve for independent research and development are provided, and the systemic
and unitized theories and methods for reliability-based design of mechanical products in practical engineering are given.
Key words：Mechanical products Reliability-based design Dynamic reliability-based design Reliability-based optimization
Reliability-based sensitivity Reliability-based robust Arbitrary distribution parameters
0 前言*
機(jī)械產(chǎn)品大多是眾多學(xué)科交叉的高新技術(shù)的
載體。能否保證產(chǎn)品在運(yùn)行過程中的安全可靠是機(jī)
械產(chǎn)品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的焦點(diǎn)，這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)主要體現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)品可靠
性的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，可見“物美、價(jià)廉”必須以可靠性工程
* 長(zhǎng)江學(xué)者和創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃、國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863 計(jì)劃，
2007AA04Z442)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(50875039)、 “十一五”國(guó)家科技
支撐計(jì)劃(2009BAG12A02)和“高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床與基礎(chǔ)制造裝備”科技
重大專項(xiàng)(2010BAG12A02)資助項(xiàng)目。20100227 收到初稿，20100425
收到修改稿
作為后盾。
所謂機(jī)械可靠性，是指機(jī)械產(chǎn)品在規(guī)定的使用
條件下、規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成規(guī)定功能的能力。由于
工程材料特性的離散性以及測(cè)量、加工、制造和安
裝誤差等因素的影響，使機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的系統(tǒng)參數(shù)具有
固有的不確定性，因此考慮這種固有隨機(jī)性的可靠
性設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)至關(guān)重要。據(jù)有關(guān)方面統(tǒng)計(jì)，產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)
對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的貢獻(xiàn)率可達(dá) 70%～80%，可見設(shè)計(jì)決
定了產(chǎn)品的固有質(zhì)量特性(如：功能、性能、壽命、
安全性和可靠性等)，賦予了產(chǎn)品“先天優(yōu)劣”的本
質(zhì)特性。 ...
本文關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)械可靠性設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)涵與遞進(jìn)，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。
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