【摘要】：堆料機是圓形料場的一個重要組成部分,它主要用于堆放由進(jìn)料主皮帶機傳送來的物料。堆料機結(jié)構(gòu)對堆料機的性能起著至關(guān)重要的作用,但國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有大部分堆料機都存在著以下缺陷：控制系統(tǒng)故障,皮帶跑偏,撓度過大,結(jié)構(gòu)笨重等。為了解決結(jié)構(gòu)笨重問題,本文以輕量化設(shè)計為主線展開研究。 文中介紹了堆料機在國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀和主要存在的問題,針對新設(shè)計的堆料機模型存在的問題,提出了拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化設(shè)計概念,打破傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)和設(shè)計方法,設(shè)計出一種結(jié)構(gòu)更優(yōu)的堆料機臂架,大大的節(jié)省了結(jié)構(gòu)材料,并為后續(xù)的尺寸優(yōu)化奠定了基礎(chǔ)。主要的研究成果和工作如下： (1)查閱了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于堆料機方面的研究成果,總結(jié)了目前堆料機的研究現(xiàn)狀和現(xiàn)存結(jié)構(gòu)的缺陷。 (2)應(yīng)用APDL語言建立了YDG90/1600堆料機臂架的參數(shù)化結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)用有限單元法計算分析得到臂架的最大應(yīng)力為：203.976MPa,最大撓度為99.5mm,雖然其結(jié)構(gòu)強度、剛度及穩(wěn)定性滿足工程設(shè)計要求,但其結(jié)構(gòu)笨重,安全富余量較大,且鋼耗和能耗較大。 (3)應(yīng)用有限元軟件ANSYS中的拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化模塊對其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。針對臂架最危險工況,對比多種省材方案,采用省材60%的方案進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化設(shè)計,得到臂架的概念模型。 (4)參照臂架的概念模型,對臂架進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,并對臂架模型進(jìn)行有限元結(jié)構(gòu)分析,得到優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)最大應(yīng)力比優(yōu)化前增大了20.08MPa,撓度較優(yōu)化前的減小了9.1mm,交叉角鋼減少了48根,體積也較之前減少了20.3%,大大的節(jié)省了材料,降低了制造成本。 (5)應(yīng)用相似理論建立了堆料機的實驗?zāi)Ｐ?結(jié)合惠斯登電橋法,利用應(yīng)變片測量了堆料機主要部位的應(yīng)變,并將所得實驗結(jié)果與仿真應(yīng)力等值線圖進(jìn)行對比分析,兩者結(jié)果基本一致,從而進(jìn)一步的驗證了堆料機結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性。
[Abstract]:The stacker is an important part of the circular yard. It is mainly used to store the material transferred from the main belt feeder. The stacker structure plays an important role in the performance of the stacker, but most of the stowers in China have the following defects: control system failure, belt deviation, excessive deflection, heavy structure and so on. In order to solve the problem of heavy structure, this paper focuses on lightweight design. In this paper, the research status and main problems of stacker at home and abroad are introduced. Aiming at the problems existing in the newly designed stacker model, the concept of topology optimization design is put forward to break the traditional design structure and design method. A better stacker boom is designed, which saves the material greatly and lays the foundation for the following dimension optimization. The main research results and work are as follows: (1) the research results of stacker at home and abroad are reviewed, and the current research status and the defects of existing structure of stacker are summarized. (2) the parameterized structure of the boom of YDG90/1600 stacker is established by using APDL language. The maximum stress of the boom is 203.976 MPA and the maximum deflection is 99.5mm, although its structural strength is calculated and analyzed by finite element method. The stiffness and stability meet the requirements of engineering design, but the structure is heavy, the safety surplus is large, and the steel consumption and energy consumption are large. (3) the topology optimization module of finite element software ANSYS is used to optimize it. Aiming at the most dangerous working conditions of the boom, the conceptual model of the boom is obtained by adopting the 60% saving material scheme to optimize the topology of the boom. (4) with reference to the conceptual model of the boom, the structural design of the boom is carried out, and the finite element structural analysis of the boom model is carried out. The results show that the maximum stress ratio of the optimized structure is increased by 20.08 MPa before optimization, and the deflection is reduced by 9.1 mm compared with that before optimization. The cross angle steel is reduced by 48 pieces and the volume of the cross angle steel is reduced by 20. 3%, which greatly saves the material and reduces the manufacturing cost. (5) the experiment model of stacker is established by using similarity theory, and the strain of main parts of stacker is measured by strain gauge combined with Wheatstone bridge method, and the experimental results are compared with the simulation stress isoline diagram. The two results are basically consistent, which further verifies the reasonableness of the stacker structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH246

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 潘修強;梅成才;陳軍杰;;基于DCNLP的機器手臂最優(yōu)化控制及拉格朗日因子研究[J];計算機應(yīng)用與軟件;2013年05期

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本文編號：2421669