【摘要】：動臂變幅塔式起重機（簡稱動臂塔機）是由眾多梁桿組成的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)，金屬結(jié)構(gòu)約占整機自重的70%左右，金屬結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計是否合理將直接影響起重機的工作性能。目前，我國動臂塔機的設(shè)計理論尚未形成體系，仍多以經(jīng)驗設(shè)計為主，為全面提高自主設(shè)計能力，就必須進行設(shè)計理論方面的研究。 本文以大噸位動臂塔機為例，對主要結(jié)構(gòu)部件進行了力學(xué)分析，建立了塔機力學(xué)模型。采用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計法對塔機各部分結(jié)構(gòu)進行初步設(shè)計，并依據(jù)《起重機設(shè)計規(guī)范》（GB/T38112008）以及《塔式起重機設(shè)計規(guī)范》（GB/T13752-92），，對設(shè)計完成結(jié)構(gòu)的強度、剛度和穩(wěn)定性進行了初步校核。并利用有限元理論與方法建立了計算模型，分析了實際工作中載荷組合和工況，確定了不同仰角下的四種工況，并對上述四種工況進行了計算，計算結(jié)果與初步設(shè)計結(jié)果進行了比較，表明設(shè)計合理。 另外，本文還利用ANSYS軟件的優(yōu)化設(shè)計模塊對塔機臂架進行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計，給出了優(yōu)化方案。在保證塔機臂架結(jié)構(gòu)承載能力的前提下，有效降低了臂架結(jié)構(gòu)自重。為動臂塔機的整機優(yōu)化提供了優(yōu)化方法。 綜上述，本文以大噸位動臂塔機為例，完成了塔機主要結(jié)構(gòu)部件的力學(xué)建模，利用極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計法和有限元法，進行了結(jié)構(gòu)的強度、剛度和穩(wěn)定性計算，對塔機臂架進行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計。設(shè)計理論和計算方法適用于一般塔機的設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:Jib tower crane is a complex system composed of many beams and rods. The metal structure accounts for about 70% of the weight of the crane. Whether the design of metal structure is reasonable or not will directly affect the performance of the crane. At present, the design theory of the mobile arm tower crane in our country has not yet formed a system, and it is still mainly based on the experience design. In order to improve the capability of independent design in an all-round way, it is necessary to carry out the research on the design theory. Taking the tower crane with large tonnage arm as an example, the mechanical analysis of the main structural components is carried out and the mechanical model of the tower crane is established in this paper. According to GB/T38112008 (Crane Design Code) and GB/T13752-92 (Tower Crane Design Code), the design strength of the tower crane structure is studied by using the limit state design method. Stiffness and stability were preliminarily checked. The calculation model is established by using finite element theory and method, the load combination and working condition are analyzed in practice, four working conditions under different elevation angles are determined, and the above four working conditions are calculated. The calculation results are compared with the preliminary design results and the results show that the design is reasonable. In addition, the optimization design module of ANSYS software is used to optimize the boom of tower crane, and the optimization scheme is given. Under the premise of ensuring the carrying capacity of the boom structure of the tower crane, the deadweight of the boom structure is reduced effectively. The optimization method is provided for the optimization of moving arm tower crane. Taking the large-tonnage movable arm tower crane as an example, the mechanical modeling of the main structural components of the tower crane is completed in this paper. The strength, stiffness and stability of the structure are calculated by using the limit state design method and the finite element method. The optimization design of tower crane boom is carried out. Design theory and calculation method are suitable for general tower crane design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TH213.3

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