【摘要】：裝載機(jī)是工程機(jī)械主要機(jī)種之一,廣泛用于各種工程建設(shè)。液壓油缸活塞桿是裝載機(jī)進(jìn)行作業(yè)的主導(dǎo)元件,控制整個(gè)工作機(jī)構(gòu)的所有動(dòng)作。由于工作條件惡劣,工作持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),且承受巨大的疲勞交變應(yīng)力,活塞桿斷裂的現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。活塞桿的斷裂不僅會(huì)導(dǎo)致整個(gè)工作機(jī)構(gòu)癱瘓,嚴(yán)重時(shí)更會(huì)導(dǎo)致安全事故的發(fā)生。 本文采用基于動(dòng)力學(xué)與有限元聯(lián)合仿真的方法,對(duì)裝載機(jī)進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)分析及液壓油缸活塞桿疲勞壽命評(píng)估。疲勞分析需要三個(gè)方面的信息：幾何信息、載荷信息、材料信息。首先對(duì)裝載機(jī)工作機(jī)構(gòu)和工況進(jìn)行分析,并計(jì)算出作業(yè)時(shí)鏟斗受到的外力大小；其次在Pro/ENGINEER里建立工作裝置的三維模型,然后導(dǎo)入ADAMS,利用多體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,得到活塞桿一個(gè)工作循環(huán)的載荷—時(shí)間歷程曲線,即載荷信息；接著對(duì)活塞桿進(jìn)行有限元靜力學(xué)分析,校核其強(qiáng)度并輸出有限元模型和應(yīng)力分布結(jié)果,即幾何信息；最后通過對(duì)比幾種疲勞分析理論,并根據(jù)活塞桿的實(shí)際情況,選擇名義應(yīng)力法作為分析方法,結(jié)合材料疲勞特性曲線,使用MSC.Fatigue對(duì)其進(jìn)行疲勞壽命分析,最后得到疲勞壽命計(jì)算結(jié)果和壽命云圖。 研究結(jié)果對(duì)于縮短產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)周期,制定合理的三包或維修服務(wù)政策,以及對(duì)再制造產(chǎn)品的剩余壽命評(píng)估工作,都具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Loader is one of the main types of construction machinery, widely used in various engineering construction. The piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is the leading component of the loader, which controls the operation of the whole working mechanism. Because of the bad working conditions, long working time and great fatigue alternating stress, the piston rod fracture occurs from time to time. The fracture of piston rod will not only paralyze the whole working mechanism, but also lead to safety accident. In this paper, the dynamic analysis and fatigue life evaluation of hydraulic cylinder piston rod are carried out based on dynamic and finite element simulation. Fatigue analysis requires three aspects of information: geometric information, load information, and material information. Firstly, the working mechanism and working condition of the loader are analyzed, and the external force of the bucket is calculated. Secondly, the three-dimensional model of the working device is established in Pro/ENGINEER, and then the ADAMS, is introduced to analyze the dynamics of the piston rod by using the multi-body dynamics theory, and the load-time history curve of a piston rod working cycle is obtained, that is, the load information. Then the finite element static analysis of the piston rod is carried out to check its strength and output the finite element model and the result of stress distribution, that is, geometric information. Finally, by comparing several fatigue analysis theories and according to the actual situation of piston rod, the nominal stress method is selected as the analytical method, and the fatigue life of the material is analyzed by MSC.Fatigue combined with the fatigue characteristic curve of the material. Finally, the fatigue life calculation results and life cloud diagram are obtained. The research results have certain guiding significance for shortening the product design cycle, formulating reasonable policy of three-pack or maintenance service, and evaluating the remaining life of the remanufactured product.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH243

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