基于制造資源約束的CAPP研究與開發(fā)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-13 03:30
【摘要】：隨著CAD技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用和數(shù)控加工技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,建立先進(jìn)的集成制造系統(tǒng)已成為機(jī)械制造企業(yè)進(jìn)行產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí),謀求長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展的重要舉措。CAPP作為CAD /CAM集成系統(tǒng)的重要模塊,是各模塊信息交匯的中心,也是集成系統(tǒng)與企業(yè)環(huán)境相契合的紐帶,其信息處理能力很大程度上決定著整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的性能,因而對(duì)CAPP的研究特別是在CAD/CAM集成環(huán)境下的CAPP研究具有重要而迫切的實(shí)際意義。在此背景下本文根據(jù)某齒輪箱制造企業(yè)的實(shí)際需要,開展了面向CAD/CAPP集成的,基于制造資源約束的箱體類零件的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助工藝設(shè)計(jì)的開發(fā)與研究。 通過(guò)研究制造過(guò)程與工藝決策流程對(duì)制造資源的需求,在對(duì)制造資源進(jìn)行分類的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)各類資源的屬性進(jìn)行分析與歸納,從而建立相應(yīng)的資源模型,進(jìn)而完成制造資源庫(kù)的建立和制造資源管理模塊的開發(fā)。通過(guò)對(duì)制造資源的管理,一方面可以實(shí)時(shí)獲取企業(yè)現(xiàn)有資源的變化情況以及由此引發(fā)的加工能力的變化情況,并以特征文件的形式提供給CAD模塊,以輔助產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)人員進(jìn)行合理設(shè)計(jì),及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)與企業(yè)加工能力之間的矛盾,有利于保證設(shè)計(jì)的可制造性；另一方面也為后續(xù)的工藝決策提供了制造資源約束,使得工藝排序、刀具選擇等工作只能在可行域中進(jìn)行,從而保證了最終生成的加工工藝的可行性。 以特征文件作為CAD/CAPP的信息交換接口,CAPP從特征文件中獲取零件加工特征信息進(jìn)行工藝決策。在工藝決策過(guò)程中,考慮了鑄造工藝對(duì)毛坯的影響,通過(guò)引入鑄造工藝知識(shí)對(duì)零件毛坯進(jìn)行合理化修改與尺寸合理化計(jì)算,得到各加工特征合理的鑄造毛坯尺寸,并依據(jù)零件的特征文件進(jìn)一步生成毛坯特征文件,供CAD讀取、顯示和修改,從而使以往的CAD/CAPP集成系統(tǒng)得以進(jìn)一步延伸到毛坯鑄造工藝領(lǐng)域。 采用改進(jìn)的遺傳算法,以成本最低,效率最高為目標(biāo)進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)的工藝優(yōu)化排序和機(jī)床優(yōu)化選擇。通過(guò)將兩種變異方式相結(jié)合,有效地降低了算法的迭代運(yùn)算量,提高了優(yōu)化效率。在完成工藝排序、機(jī)床與刀具選擇、切削用量確定的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)數(shù)控加工情況,進(jìn)一步生成了數(shù)控加工工序的刀軌,并對(duì)同一裝夾下同一刀具的刀軌進(jìn)行了連接,從而為后續(xù)CAM模塊的NC代碼生成準(zhǔn)備了必要的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of CAD technology and the continuous progress of NC machining technology, the establishment of advanced integrated manufacturing system has become a mechanical manufacturing enterprise to upgrade the industrial structure. As an important module of CAD / CAM integration system, CAPP is the center of information intersection of each module, and also the link of integration system and enterprise environment. Its information processing ability determines the performance of the whole system to a great extent, so the study of CAPP, especially the CAPP research in the CAD/CAM integrated environment, is of great and urgent practical significance. In this context, according to the actual needs of a gearbox manufacturing enterprise, the development and research of computer aided process planning for CAD/CAPP integrated box parts based on manufacturing resource constraints are carried out. By studying the requirement of manufacturing resources in manufacturing process and process decision process, on the basis of classifying manufacturing resources, the attributes of all kinds of resources are analyzed and summarized, and the corresponding resource model is established. Then the establishment of manufacturing resource database and the development of manufacturing resource management module are completed. Through the management of manufacturing resources, on the one hand, we can obtain the changes of the existing resources of the enterprise and the change of the processing ability caused by them in real time, and provide the CAD module in the form of feature files. The reasonable design by the assistant product designer can find the contradiction between the design and the processing ability of the enterprise in time, which is helpful to ensure the manufacturability of the design. On the other hand, it also provides the manufacturing resource constraints for the subsequent process decision, so that the process ranking and tool selection can only be carried out in the feasible domain, thus ensuring the feasibility of the final production process. The feature file is used as the information exchange interface of CAD/CAPP, and CAPP acquires the machining feature information from the feature file for process decision. In the process of process decision, the influence of casting technology on the blank is considered. By introducing the foundry technology knowledge, the reasonable size of casting blank is obtained by introducing the knowledge of casting technology into the rational modification and calculation of the blank size, and the reasonable size of the casting blank with reasonable processing characteristics is obtained. According to the feature file of parts, the blank feature file is further generated for CAD to read, display and modify, so that the former CAD/CAPP integrated system can be further extended to the field of blank casting technology. An improved genetic algorithm is used to optimize process sequencing and machine tool selection with the aim of lowest cost and highest efficiency. By combining the two mutation methods, the iterative operation of the algorithm is effectively reduced and the optimization efficiency is improved. On the basis of finishing the process ranking, selecting the machine tool and cutting tool, and determining the cutting parameters, the tool track of the NC machining procedure is further generated according to the NC machining condition, and the cutter track of the same tool is connected under the same mounting. Thus for the subsequent CAM module NC code generation to prepare the necessary foundation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH166
本文編號(hào)：2375791
[Abstract]:With the wide application of CAD technology and the continuous progress of NC machining technology, the establishment of advanced integrated manufacturing system has become a mechanical manufacturing enterprise to upgrade the industrial structure. As an important module of CAD / CAM integration system, CAPP is the center of information intersection of each module, and also the link of integration system and enterprise environment. Its information processing ability determines the performance of the whole system to a great extent, so the study of CAPP, especially the CAPP research in the CAD/CAM integrated environment, is of great and urgent practical significance. In this context, according to the actual needs of a gearbox manufacturing enterprise, the development and research of computer aided process planning for CAD/CAPP integrated box parts based on manufacturing resource constraints are carried out. By studying the requirement of manufacturing resources in manufacturing process and process decision process, on the basis of classifying manufacturing resources, the attributes of all kinds of resources are analyzed and summarized, and the corresponding resource model is established. Then the establishment of manufacturing resource database and the development of manufacturing resource management module are completed. Through the management of manufacturing resources, on the one hand, we can obtain the changes of the existing resources of the enterprise and the change of the processing ability caused by them in real time, and provide the CAD module in the form of feature files. The reasonable design by the assistant product designer can find the contradiction between the design and the processing ability of the enterprise in time, which is helpful to ensure the manufacturability of the design. On the other hand, it also provides the manufacturing resource constraints for the subsequent process decision, so that the process ranking and tool selection can only be carried out in the feasible domain, thus ensuring the feasibility of the final production process. The feature file is used as the information exchange interface of CAD/CAPP, and CAPP acquires the machining feature information from the feature file for process decision. In the process of process decision, the influence of casting technology on the blank is considered. By introducing the foundry technology knowledge, the reasonable size of casting blank is obtained by introducing the knowledge of casting technology into the rational modification and calculation of the blank size, and the reasonable size of the casting blank with reasonable processing characteristics is obtained. According to the feature file of parts, the blank feature file is further generated for CAD to read, display and modify, so that the former CAD/CAPP integrated system can be further extended to the field of blank casting technology. An improved genetic algorithm is used to optimize process sequencing and machine tool selection with the aim of lowest cost and highest efficiency. By combining the two mutation methods, the iterative operation of the algorithm is effectively reduced and the optimization efficiency is improved. On the basis of finishing the process ranking, selecting the machine tool and cutting tool, and determining the cutting parameters, the tool track of the NC machining procedure is further generated according to the NC machining condition, and the cutter track of the same tool is connected under the same mounting. Thus for the subsequent CAM module NC code generation to prepare the necessary foundation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH166
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