【摘要】：水潤滑橡膠軸承由于其良好的潤滑性能，在船舶艉軸推進系統(tǒng)，潛水泵，洗衣機等設(shè)備上得到了普遍的認可和廣泛應(yīng)用。針對水潤滑軸承，在科學領(lǐng)域?qū)ζ溥M行了多方面的研究，包括橡膠材料，內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)，磨擦學特性等。 螺旋槽水潤滑橡膠合金軸承是重慶大學王家序教授在對水潤滑橡膠軸承多年的研究基礎(chǔ)上，對其進行結(jié)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新得出的新型水潤滑軸承。比普通的直槽結(jié)構(gòu)的水潤滑橡膠軸承制作工藝復雜，而其性能也有了很大的改進。 論文結(jié)合動壓潤滑機理，對螺旋槽水潤滑橡膠合金軸承的動壓特性進行了研究。首先根據(jù)軸承安裝間隙和螺旋槽橡膠面結(jié)構(gòu)，確定了其內(nèi)部流場在穩(wěn)定工況下的具體形貌，借助專業(yè)的流體計算軟件ANSYS CFX對橡膠合金軸承運行過程中的內(nèi)部流場進行了詳細的分析，研究了不同的轉(zhuǎn)速，不同偏心率，不同過渡圓角，不同螺旋角度，不同供水量，不同溝槽數(shù)目等對流體動壓域內(nèi)壓力分布，承載力，流場速度的影響。然后對流場中出現(xiàn)的漩渦進行詳細分析，對漩渦理論進行了驗證。 由于在工作過程中，流場內(nèi)部不可能是理想狀況下的純凈水，必然含有不同泥沙等顆粒。論文根據(jù)實際情況，在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上，將含有泥沙顆粒等的流場描述成為了流體-固體二相流流場。根據(jù)二相流和顆粒侵蝕磨損理論，對由泥沙顆�？赡軐ο鹉z造成的侵蝕磨損進行了對比分析。對磨損有可能發(fā)生的位置，大小進行了初步的預測，結(jié)合漩渦理論，論證了流場中的漩渦對于排除污染顆粒作用。 由于橡膠在流場壓力作用下會產(chǎn)生變形，進而改變了流場的穩(wěn)定形貌，進而使得流場的動壓潤滑特性發(fā)生變化。在此種情況下，引入流固耦合計算模型，研究流場動壓性能對橡膠變形的影響。 實際工作過程中，運動軸由于外伸端受到來自身和外界復雜的力學工況，有可能有短暫的集中力沖擊情況。橡膠的作用就是用來對沖擊進行緩沖。因此，，借助ABAQUS對不同溝槽數(shù)目和不同沖擊載荷下的動態(tài)接觸進行了仿真分析，得到了多溝槽數(shù)目有利于緩沖沖擊，橡膠短暫緩沖作用下，會產(chǎn)生回彈，從而恢復形貌。 論文內(nèi)容得到國家自然科學基金面上項目“大尺寸高比壓水潤滑軸承系統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計理論與方法”（項目編號：50775230）的支持，擬通過上述研究對螺旋槽水潤滑橡膠合金軸承的動壓特性，排污能力和動態(tài)接觸及保護提供相關(guān)研究方法和新的借鑒。
[Abstract]:Water lubricated rubber bearings have been widely accepted and widely used in marine stern shaft propulsion system, submersible pump, washing machine and so on because of their good lubricating performance. Water lubricated bearings are studied in many fields, including rubber materials, internal structure, friction characteristics and so on. The water lubricated rubber alloy bearing with spiral groove is a new type of water lubricated bearing based on the research of water lubricated rubber bearing by Professor Wang Jiaxun of Chongqing University for many years. The manufacturing process of water-lubricated rubber bearings is more complicated than that of plain straight-grooved rubber bearings, and its performance has been greatly improved. In this paper, the hydrodynamic characteristics of rubber alloy bearings lubricated by spiral grooves are studied in combination with hydrodynamic lubrication mechanism. Firstly, according to the mounting clearance of the bearing and the rubber surface structure of the spiral groove, the specific morphology of the internal flow field under the steady working condition is determined. The internal flow field of rubber alloy bearing was analyzed in detail with the help of professional fluid calculation software ANSYS CFX. Different rotational speeds, different eccentricities, different transition angles, different helical angles and different water supply were studied. The influence of different grooves on pressure distribution, bearing capacity and flow velocity in hydrodynamic pressure domain. Then the vortex in the flow field is analyzed in detail, and the vortex theory is verified. Because in the working process, the flow field interior cannot be ideal pure water, must contain the different sediment and so on particle. On the basis of previous studies, the flow field containing sediment particles is described as a fluid-solid two-phase flow field. According to the theory of two-phase flow and particle erosion wear, the erosion and wear caused by sediment particles to rubber were compared and analyzed. The possible position and size of wear are preliminarily predicted. Combined with vortex theory, the effect of swirl in flow field on the removal of contaminated particles is demonstrated. Due to the deformation of rubber under the pressure of the flow field, the stable morphology of the flow field is changed, and the hydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of the flow field are changed. In this case, the effect of hydrodynamic pressure on rubber deformation is studied by introducing the fluid-solid coupling model. In the actual working process, because the extension of the shaft is subjected to complex mechanical conditions from the body and the outside world, there may be a transient concentrated force impact. Rubber acts as a buffer against shocks. Therefore, the dynamic contact under different groove numbers and different impact loads is simulated by ABAQUS. The results show that the number of multiple grooves is favorable to buffer the impact, and the rubber short buffer will produce springback and restore the morphology. The paper is supported by the project "innovative Design Theory and method of large size and High specific pressure Water Lubricating bearing system" (Project No.: 50775230), supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. This study is intended to provide a new reference for the dynamic pressure characteristics, discharge capacity, dynamic contact and protection of rubber alloy bearing with spiral groove water lubrication.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH133.3

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