【摘要】：浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承具有承載力高、摩擦功耗低、精度高、穩(wěn)定性好等優(yōu)異性能,在高速軸承—轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)如航天航空、空分、超精密磨床等領(lǐng)域得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。高速浮環(huán)軸承的油膜振蕩一直是制約轉(zhuǎn)子向高速發(fā)展的瓶頸,目前對浮環(huán)軸承穩(wěn)定性仍有待進一步研究。另一方面,軸承內(nèi)外層油膜厚度均較小,浮環(huán)受力變形可能會對油膜厚度造成影響。因此,深入研究浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承靜動特性、穩(wěn)定性及浮環(huán)對軸承性能的影響,對于提高高速浮環(huán)軸承—轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)性能至關(guān)重要。 本文以柱銷內(nèi)反饋徑向浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承為研究對象,采用有限元方法建立內(nèi)外膜靜動特性仿真模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上推導(dǎo)浮環(huán)軸承的穩(wěn)定性判別方法。為了分析浮環(huán)變形對油膜厚度的影響,基于ANSYS求解了不同轉(zhuǎn)速不同偏心下浮環(huán)變形情況并與油膜厚度進行了對比。研究的主要內(nèi)容包括： 1.基于MATLAB的浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承靜動特性仿真 使用MATLAB編制有限元法計算浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承內(nèi)、外膜壓力分布程序,然后計算不同轉(zhuǎn)速、不同偏心率下浮環(huán)平衡時的靜動特性。 2.浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承穩(wěn)定性分析 在剛度、阻尼等動特性數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,建立判斷浮環(huán)—軸承系統(tǒng)動力學(xué)方程組,通過判斷特征方程根的特點,迭代出浮環(huán)—軸承系統(tǒng)的臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,據(jù)以保證所設(shè)計的軸承在額定轉(zhuǎn)速下不發(fā)生自激振動。 3.基于ANSYS的浮環(huán)受力分析 使用ANSYS建立了浮環(huán)的實體模型、劃分網(wǎng)格、加載承載力和約束條件,求解得到浮環(huán)的應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變結(jié)果。通過對不同轉(zhuǎn)速、不同偏心率及不同厚度下的浮環(huán)仿真結(jié)果分析得出,在轉(zhuǎn)速不太高、偏心率低于0.6時浮環(huán)的變形量相對于油膜厚度可以忽略不計,將浮環(huán)看作剛體進行研究可以滿足要求；在轉(zhuǎn)速較高、偏心率較大時,必須考慮浮環(huán)的變形量對油膜厚度的影響。 研究結(jié)果表明,浮環(huán)動靜壓軸承具有承載力高、摩擦功耗低、摩擦力矩小等優(yōu)點,能有效提高軸承—轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)的臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,適應(yīng)了高速旋轉(zhuǎn)機械的要求。
[Abstract]:Floating ring dynamic and static bearing has high bearing capacity, low friction power consumption, high precision and good stability. It is widely used in high-speed bearing-rotor systems such as aerospace, air separation, ultra-precision grinder and so on. The oil film oscillation of high speed floating ring bearing has been the bottleneck restricting the development of rotor to high speed. At present, the stability of floating ring bearing remains to be further studied. On the other hand, the oil film thickness of the inner and outer layers of the bearing is smaller, and the deformation of the floating ring may affect the oil film thickness. Therefore, it is very important to study the static and dynamic characteristics, stability and the influence of floating ring on the bearing performance for improving the performance of high-speed bearing rotor system. In this paper, the static and dynamic characteristics simulation model of internal and external membrane is established by using finite element method, and the stability judgment method of floating ring bearing is deduced based on the static and dynamic characteristics of radial floating ring bearing with inner pin feedback as the research object. In order to analyze the influence of floating ring deformation on oil film thickness, the deformation of floating ring under different rotation speeds and eccentricities was solved based on ANSYS and compared with oil film thickness. The main contents of the study include: 1. Simulation of static and dynamic characteristics of floating ring hydrostatic bearing based on MATLAB the finite element method is programmed by MATLAB to calculate the internal and outer membrane pressure distribution of the floating ring hydrostatic bearing and then the static and dynamic characteristics of the floating ring under different rotational speeds and different eccentricities are calculated. 2. On the basis of stiffness, damping and other dynamic characteristic data, the dynamic equations of floating ring bearing system are established, and the characteristics of the root of the characteristic equation are determined. The critical speed of the floating ring bearing system is iterated to ensure that the self-excited vibration of the designed bearing does not occur at the rated speed. 3. Based on ANSYS's analysis of floating ring force, the solid model of floating ring is established by ANSYS. The model is divided into meshes, the bearing capacity and constraint conditions are loaded, and the stress and strain results of floating ring are obtained. By analyzing the simulation results of floating ring with different rotational speed, different eccentricity and different thickness, it is concluded that when the speed is not too high and the eccentricity ratio is lower than 0.6, the deformation of floating ring can be ignored relative to the thickness of oil film. The study of floating ring as a rigid body can meet the requirements. When the rotational speed is high and the eccentricity is high, the influence of the deformation of floating ring on the oil film thickness must be considered. The results show that the bearing with floating ring has the advantages of high bearing capacity, low friction power consumption and low friction torque. It can effectively improve the critical speed of the bearing-rotor system and meet the requirements of high-speed rotating machinery.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH133.36

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 黃首峰;基于FLUENT的機床主軸動壓軸承靜特性研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2012年

2 于冰;滑動軸承油膜流態(tài)可視化試驗研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：2344854