【摘要】：經(jīng)濟社會的飛速發(fā)展使得人類對能源的依賴越來越明顯。由于傳統(tǒng)能源多由碳氫化石等礦物燃料提供,其帶來的一系列問題如環(huán)境破壞、資源日益短缺等,已經(jīng)阻礙了人類社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。在全球范圍內(nèi),風(fēng)能已經(jīng)成為新能源領(lǐng)域的重要組成部分。風(fēng)能作為一種綠色能源,由于其可再生、無污染,已經(jīng)受到各國政府的重視。風(fēng)能的開發(fā)利用在全世界已經(jīng)達到共識,但是風(fēng)能的不穩(wěn)定性一直以來都是利用風(fēng)能的最大難題。風(fēng)輪上的載荷隨時間、空間不斷變化,使作用在主軸上的轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩也隨之改變。變化的轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩通過傳動系統(tǒng)傳遞到發(fā)電機上,最終導(dǎo)致發(fā)電機輸出電的電壓、頻率不穩(wěn)定。如何將不斷變化的風(fēng)能變?yōu)榉�(wěn)定的、可利用的電能,是風(fēng)電領(lǐng)域一個重要的研究方向。解決并網(wǎng)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機輸出頻率不穩(wěn)定問題,目前主要有兩種方法：一種是恒速恒頻發(fā)電系統(tǒng),一種是變速恒頻發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。但是前者由于風(fēng)能的利用效率較低已經(jīng)被逐步淘汰,后者則伴隨著風(fēng)力機單機容量不斷增大,變速恒頻系統(tǒng)的電子轉(zhuǎn)換裝置日益復(fù)雜昂貴,可靠性不斷降低。研究了一種新型的行星輪系與導(dǎo)葉可調(diào)式液力變矩器相配合的風(fēng)力發(fā)電傳動系統(tǒng)。它是一種新型的變速恒頻技術(shù),可以保證變速輸入下同步發(fā)電機的恒轉(zhuǎn)速輸出,即能獲得更好的電網(wǎng)輸電品質(zhì)。研究結(jié)果為解決大功率風(fēng)電機組的高效傳動提供了一種新的途徑,具有重要的理論意義和工程應(yīng)用價值。 以新設(shè)計的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)為研究對象,研究變矩器的導(dǎo)葉開度在風(fēng)力發(fā)電運行過程中的變化規(guī)律,研究的主要內(nèi)容如下： (1)對已有的液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng)進行深入研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計一款新的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。利用行星理論和節(jié)點法計算分析調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的功率流向問題。為了進一步研究變矩器的導(dǎo)葉調(diào)節(jié)規(guī)律,建立風(fēng)輪的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并與調(diào)速系統(tǒng)結(jié)合,得出抽象變矩器的運行規(guī)律,即風(fēng)輪運行過程中變矩器的渦輪轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速要滿足一定的關(guān)系。將研究的規(guī)律編制成程序,清楚的反應(yīng)出各個規(guī)律的變化,同時得出變矩器的性能對調(diào)速系統(tǒng)效率的影響規(guī)律,為下一步設(shè)計變矩器打下基礎(chǔ)。 (2)結(jié)合已有的分析設(shè)計導(dǎo)葉可調(diào)式變矩器,確定變矩器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式,并用幾何相似法確定循環(huán)圓。研究設(shè)計變矩器葉片的等角射影法,編制程序設(shè)計變矩器的泵輪,用單曲葉片的設(shè)計方法設(shè)計變矩器的渦輪和導(dǎo)輪,最后設(shè)計變矩器的導(dǎo)葉調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)。將葉片和調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)裝配即得到可調(diào)式變矩器的三維模型。 (3)利用三維流場理論分析變矩器導(dǎo)葉開度變化過程中內(nèi)流場的變化。具體就是運用CFD流體軟件計算導(dǎo)葉開度從0到1變化過程中,一定開度下不同的轉(zhuǎn)速比變矩器流場變化情況。得出隨著導(dǎo)葉開度的變化,導(dǎo)輪壓力的變化規(guī)律,并對導(dǎo)葉的調(diào)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)進行優(yōu)化。同時得出,在風(fēng)力發(fā)電運行過程中,隨著風(fēng)輪轉(zhuǎn)速的不斷變化,調(diào)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩的變化規(guī)律,為以后的調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)的控制和制造做準備。對變矩器性能進行研究的同時,提出應(yīng)用于風(fēng)力發(fā)電液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng)中變矩器的改進方案。 (4)建立可調(diào)式變矩器的數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過變矩器和調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型聯(lián)合求解,得出變矩器導(dǎo)葉開度隨風(fēng)輪轉(zhuǎn)速的變化規(guī)律。進一步得到調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的效率和循環(huán)功率的變化規(guī)律、勵磁控制規(guī)律及變矩器的運行狀態(tài)。 綜上所述,所設(shè)計的應(yīng)用于風(fēng)力發(fā)電的液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng),能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)變速輸入恒速輸出,其中的導(dǎo)葉可調(diào)式變矩器與風(fēng)電機組匹配良好。通過對變矩器的建模和仿真,得到風(fēng)輪運行過程中的導(dǎo)輪葉片角度的變化規(guī)律,并得出調(diào)速系統(tǒng)在達到額定風(fēng)速時效率為94.8%,此系統(tǒng)滿足了風(fēng)力發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的需要。研究工作對研制新的風(fēng)力發(fā)電液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng)具有一定的理論指導(dǎo)意義和現(xiàn)實應(yīng)用價值,也為下一步控制系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)做了準備。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy and society has made the dependence of human energy on energy more and more obvious. Due to the fact that the traditional energy is provided by the fossil fuels such as hydrocarbon and the like, a series of problems, such as environmental damage, the shortage of resources and the like, have hindered the sustainable development of the human society. In the global context, wind energy has become an important component of the new energy sector. As a kind of green energy, wind energy is a kind of green energy, because of its renewable and pollution-free, it has been attached to the attention of all governments. The development and utilization of wind energy has reached a consensus in the world, but the instability of wind energy has been the most difficult problem in the utilization of wind energy. The load on the wind wheel is changing with time and space, so that the speed and torque acting on the main shaft are also changed. The speed and torque of the change are transmitted to the generator through the transmission system, and finally the voltage and the frequency of the generator output electricity are not stable. How to turn the changing wind energy into a stable and usable electric energy is an important research direction in the wind power field. The invention solves the problem that the output frequency of the wind-driven generator is not stable, and at present, there are two main methods: one is a constant-speed constant-frequency power generation system, and one is a variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system. However, due to the low utilization efficiency of wind energy, the former has been phased out. The latter is accompanied by a continuous increase of the capacity of the wind turbine, and the electronic conversion device of the variable-speed constant-frequency system is becoming more and more complex and expensive, and the reliability is decreasing. In this paper, a new type of wind power generation transmission system which is matched with the adjustable torque converter of the guide vane is studied. The invention is a novel variable-speed constant-frequency technology, which can ensure the constant-speed output of a synchronous generator under a variable-speed input, that is, better power transmission quality can be obtained. The research results provide a new way to solve the high-efficiency transmission of the high-power wind power unit, which is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value. Taking the newly designed speed-regulating system as the research object, the paper studies the variation law of the opening degree of the guide vane of the torque converter in the operation of the wind power generation, and the main results of the study The results are as follows: (1) An in-depth study of the existing hydraulic speed control system is carried out on the basis of which A new speed regulation system, which uses the planetary theory and the node method to calculate and analyze the speed governing system. In order to further study the regulation law of the guide vane of the torque converter, a mathematical model of the wind wheel is established and combined with the speed regulation system to obtain the operating rule of the abstract torque converter, that is, the turbine torque and the rotating speed of the torque converter during the operation of the wind wheel The law of the study is compiled into a program, the changes of the law are clearly reflected, the influence of the performance of the torque converter on the efficiency of the speed-regulating system is obtained, and the next step is designed The torque converter lays the foundation for the torque converter. (2) The structure form of the torque converter is determined by combining the existing analysis and design guide vane adjustable torque converter, and In this paper, the geometric similarity method is used to determine the cycle circle. The equal-angle projection method for designing the blade of the torque converter is studied, the pump wheel of the designed torque converter is programmed, and the turbine and the guide wheel of the torque converter are designed by the design method of the single-curved blade. The guide vane adjusting mechanism of the torque converter is provided. The blade and the adjusting mechanism are assembled and obtained. the three-dimensional model of the adjustable torque converter. (3) the torque converter is analyzed by the three-dimensional flow field theory, The change of the flow field during the change of the opening degree of the guide vane is to calculate the opening degree of the guide vane from 0 to 1 by using the CFD fluid software. The change of the flow field of the torque converter with different speed ratio is obtained. The change of the opening degree of the guide vane and the change of the pressure of the guide wheel are obtained. The regulation structure of the guide vane is optimized. At the same time, the change of the rotating moment of the structure is adjusted with the change of the rotation speed of the wind wheel during the operation of the wind power generation. The control and manufacture of the rear regulating mechanism is prepared. At the same time, the performance of the torque converter is studied and applied to the wind power generation. the invention relates to an improvement scheme of a torque converter in a hydraulic speed regulation system, (4) a mathematical model of an adjustable torque converter is established, The variation of the opening degree of the guide vane of the torque converter with the rotation speed of the wind wheel is obtained. The efficiency of the speed-regulating system and the change of the circulating power are further obtained. In conclusion, the design is applied to the hydraulic speed regulation system of wind power generation, which can realize the constant speed of the variable speed input. The output and the guide vane adjustable torque converter are well matched with the wind turbine unit. By modeling and simulation of the torque converter, the change rule of the angle of the guide wheel blade in the running process of the wind wheel is obtained, and the time limitation of the speed governing system at the rated wind speed is obtained. The rate is 94.8%, and the system meets the needs of the wind power generation system. The research work is of great significance to the development of a new hydraulic speed-regulating system for wind power generation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH137.332;TM315

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 馬文星;劉彬;劉春寶;劉浩;;風(fēng)力發(fā)電液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng)及其控制[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(工學(xué)版);2013年05期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 韓瑜;大功率多元液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng)性能研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

2 劉彬;風(fēng)力發(fā)電液力調(diào)速系統(tǒng)及其控制研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2334223