【摘要】：隨著建筑業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，建筑施工機(jī)械——塔式起重機(jī)（簡(jiǎn)稱塔機(jī)）的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。塔機(jī)工作重心高、起重量大、運(yùn)行速度快，且施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)常需要同時(shí)布置多臺(tái)塔機(jī)近距離交叉作業(yè)，這樣塔機(jī)與塔機(jī)之間、塔機(jī)與周圍固定障礙物之間就有可能發(fā)生碰撞，這給塔機(jī)的安全施工作業(yè)帶來(lái)種種隱患，因此對(duì)塔機(jī)群防碰撞控制系統(tǒng)的研究具有重要現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文在分析和總結(jié)當(dāng)前塔機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，，結(jié)合嵌入式技術(shù)、傳感器技術(shù)、短距離無(wú)線通訊技術(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了一種基于ZigBee技術(shù)的塔機(jī)群防碰撞控制系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)以ARM9微控制器為核心，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)塔機(jī)吊重高度、回轉(zhuǎn)角度、幅度等狀態(tài)的在線監(jiān)測(cè)和預(yù)警信息處理。論文還對(duì)塔機(jī)群之間無(wú)線通訊組網(wǎng)方式和塔機(jī)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)信息無(wú)線傳輸協(xié)議進(jìn)行了討論和分析。利用全雙工的無(wú)線通訊模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)塔機(jī)群狀態(tài)信息的交互，分析了建筑工地上塔機(jī)可能發(fā)生的幾種碰撞模式，建立了分布式塔機(jī)群防碰撞控制模型。 根據(jù)塔機(jī)群防碰撞控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)性的要求，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)由信號(hào)采集處理模塊、ARM9微處理器模塊、無(wú)線通訊模塊、報(bào)警系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)模塊、輸出控制模塊、人機(jī)交互模塊組成。以WINCE6.0操作系統(tǒng)為平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用程序，選用VisualStudio2005作為開發(fā)工具。設(shè)計(jì)了防碰撞運(yùn)行控制算法和人機(jī)交互操作界面，采用多線程同步方式，有效的避免了多線程阻塞及沖突問(wèn)題。 本文對(duì)樣機(jī)進(jìn)行了功能和穩(wěn)定性的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試，挑選了某工地上有交叉區(qū)域即有可能發(fā)生碰撞的三臺(tái)塔機(jī)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了所設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的正確性和算法的可行性，可有效預(yù)防塔機(jī)運(yùn)行碰撞，達(dá)到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計(jì)指標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of construction industry, tower crane (tower crane) is used more and more widely. The tower crane has high center of gravity, large lifting weight, high speed of operation, and it is often necessary to arrange several tower cranes at the same time to work at close range in the construction site, so that collisions may occur between tower cranes and surrounding fixed obstacles. This brings all kinds of hidden dangers to the safe construction of tower cranes, so it is of great practical significance to study the anti-collision control system of tower cranes. On the basis of analyzing and summarizing the current status of tower crane monitoring system design and development, combining with embedded technology, sensor technology and short distance wireless communication technology, this paper designs and develops a tower crane anti-collision control system based on ZigBee technology. The system takes ARM9 microcontroller as the core, realizes the on-line monitoring and early warning information processing to the crane lifting height, rotation angle, amplitude and so on. The paper also discusses and analyzes the wireless communication networking mode and wireless transmission protocol of tower crane running state information between tower crane groups. Using the full duplex wireless communication module to realize the interaction of tower crane group state information, several possible collision modes of tower crane on construction site are analyzed, and the anti-collision control model of distributed tower crane group is established. According to the real-time requirement of anti-collision control system of tower crane, the whole system is composed of signal acquisition and processing module, ARM9 microprocessor module, wireless communication module, alarm system, data storage module, output control module and man-machine interaction module. The application program is designed on the platform of WINCE6.0 operating system and VisualStudio2005 is chosen as the development tool. The anti-collision operation control algorithm and man-machine interactive operation interface are designed. Multithread synchronization is adopted to effectively avoid multi-thread blocking and conflict problems. In this paper, the function and stability of the prototype are tested on the spot, and three tower cranes which have cross area and are likely to collide are selected for experiment. The results verify the correctness of the designed system and the feasibility of the algorithm. It can effectively prevent the tower crane running collision and reach the expected design target.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.3;TN92

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