【摘要】：空間弧面分度凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)因具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、性能可靠等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在自動(dòng)化機(jī)械，如自動(dòng)換刀系統(tǒng)、包裝機(jī)械、自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線、自動(dòng)交換系統(tǒng)等方面得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。以弧面凸輪為核心部件，目前已開(kāi)發(fā)出了多種常用的驅(qū)動(dòng)和控制裝置�；∶嫱馆喎侄葯C(jī)構(gòu)是實(shí)現(xiàn)高速、高精度間歇分度運(yùn)動(dòng)的新型傳動(dòng)裝置，應(yīng)用廣泛，受到越來(lái)越多的國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究，并取得了顯著的成果。目前其理論研究已趨于成熟。 然而由于弧面分度凸輪的廓面為空間不可展開(kāi)的螺旋面，這給弧面凸輪的設(shè)計(jì)、制造帶來(lái)了諸多不便。在遇到弧面凸輪損壞，無(wú)法得知原有弧面凸輪的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)時(shí)，只能通過(guò)測(cè)量有限的數(shù)據(jù)去反求原有弧面凸輪輪廓。在原有參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)方法上，弧面凸輪廓面是由從動(dòng)件的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律決定的，如果能夠得到從動(dòng)件的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律曲線，那么就能夠反求出弧面凸輪的輪廓曲線。所以求解弧面凸輪廓面（線）的問(wèn)題可以轉(zhuǎn)化為求得符合要求的從動(dòng)件運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律曲線。為此，本文將重點(diǎn)放在弧面凸輪特征曲線反求優(yōu)化上面，通過(guò)探索將遺傳算法應(yīng)用于弧面凸輪特征曲線優(yōu)化反求，得出了將遺傳算法用于弧面凸輪特征曲線優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)可行，并能取得較為理想的結(jié)果。 本文的工作可總結(jié)如下： （1）介紹了弧面凸輪的結(jié)構(gòu)以及相關(guān)理論。列舉了常用凸輪的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律曲線，著重介紹了通用簡(jiǎn)諧梯形運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。并對(duì)弧面凸輪運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律曲線的選用原則進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。從傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法出發(fā)，采用坐標(biāo)變換法推導(dǎo)出弧面凸輪工作廓面及理論廓面方程。 （2）闡述了曲線的插值與擬合概念，應(yīng)用幾種常用的曲線插值及曲線擬合方法對(duì)弧面凸輪特征曲線進(jìn)行反求，由實(shí)例結(jié)果分析了其各自的特征及優(yōu)劣。 （3）將遺傳算法用于弧面凸輪特征曲線反求優(yōu)化。介紹了遺傳算法的特點(diǎn)及操作流程，利用罰函數(shù)對(duì)約束條件進(jìn)行處理，通過(guò)具體實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了以實(shí)數(shù)編碼的遺傳算法用于弧面凸輪特征曲線優(yōu)化的可行性；對(duì)不同優(yōu)化目標(biāo)下得到的方案進(jìn)行了對(duì)比和評(píng)價(jià)，指出使用遺傳算法用于此可行，并具有其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 論文主要工作是在Matlab中展開(kāi)的，通過(guò)編制M文件，比較了不同曲線擬合及差值方法，最后給出了遺傳算法思想下弧面凸輪特征曲線優(yōu)化的解決方案，指出其應(yīng)用的可行性及優(yōu)勢(shì)，，是一次很好的嘗試，也為后續(xù)的研究奠定了一定的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Because of its compact structure and reliable performance, the spatial globoidal indexing cam mechanism has been widely used in automatic machinery, such as automatic tool changing system, packaging machine, automatic production line, automatic switching system, and so on. With the globoidal cam as the core component, a variety of commonly used drive and control devices have been developed. Globoidal cam indexing mechanism is a new type of transmission device which can realize high speed and high precision intermittent indexing movement. It is widely used and has been studied by more and more scholars at home and abroad. At present, its theoretical research has tended to mature. However, the profile of the globoidal indexing cam is a helical surface which can not be expanded in space, which brings many inconvenience to the design and manufacture of the globoidal cam. When the design parameters of the original globoidal cam can not be known when the globoidal cam is damaged, the contour of the original globoidal cam can only be obtained by measuring the limited data. In the original parameterized design method, the contour of the globoidal cam is determined by the motion law of the follower. If the curve of the motion law of the follower can be obtained, then the contour curve of the globoidal cam can be obtained. Therefore, the problem of solving the curve of curved cam profile can be transformed into the curve of the motion law of the follower that meets the requirements. Therefore, this paper focuses on the reverse optimization of the characteristic curve of the globoidal cam. By exploring the application of genetic algorithm to the optimization of the characteristic curve of the globoidal cam, it is concluded that it is feasible to apply the genetic algorithm to the optimization design of the characteristic curve of the globoidal cam. And can obtain more ideal result. The work of this paper can be summarized as follows: (1) the structure and related theory of globoidal cam are introduced. The kinematic curve of common cam is listed, and the general harmonic trapezoid motion law is introduced emphatically. The selection principle of the curve of globoidal cam motion law is explained. Starting from the traditional design method, the working profile and theoretical profile equations of globoidal cam are derived by using coordinate transformation method. (2) the concept of interpolation and fitting of curve is expounded. Several common curve interpolation and curve fitting methods are used to reverse the characteristic curve of globoidal cam. Their respective characteristics and advantages and disadvantages are analyzed by examples. (3) genetic algorithm is applied to reverse optimization of characteristic curve of globoidal cam. The characteristics and operation flow of genetic algorithm are introduced, and the constraint condition is treated by penalty function. The feasibility of using real coding genetic algorithm to optimize the characteristic curve of globoidal cam is verified by practical examples. The comparison and evaluation of the schemes obtained under different optimization objectives show that the use of genetic algorithm is feasible and has its unique advantages. The main work of this paper is carried out in Matlab. By compiling M file, the different curve fitting and difference method are compared. Finally, the solution of optimization of characteristic curve of globoidal cam under the idea of genetic algorithm is given. It is a good attempt to point out the feasibility and advantage of its application, and it also lays a certain foundation for further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TH112.2

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