【摘要】：電液伺服閥作為電液伺服控制系統(tǒng)中的核心元件,以及連接電氣元件和液壓元件的橋梁,在很大程度上決定了整個系統(tǒng)的性能。隨著工業(yè)發(fā)展的需要,對電液伺服閥提出了大流量、響應快、頻帶寬、控制精度高、抗污染能力強以及價格低廉等要求。2D伺服閥具有可直接由計算機控制、不需要D/A轉換器、線性重復性好外,還具有響應速度快、抗污染能力強、零位泄漏小以及轉換精度高的優(yōu)點,可應用于電液伺服系統(tǒng)中。 本論文以圓孔型2D伺服閥與滿弓型2D伺服閥為研究對象,分析兩者在導控阻力半橋變化時,其動態(tài)響應性能方面的差異。分別建立了圓孔型2D伺服閥與滿弓型2D閥的非線性模型,并對圓孔型2D閥作線性化處理;利用建立的非線性模型,采用仿真軟件對圓孔型2D閥和滿弓型2D閥進行比較研究,從仿真結果來看:敏感腔長度、閥芯半徑、系統(tǒng)工作壓力對滿弓型2D閥階躍過渡時間影響小,螺旋槽升角對滿弓型2D閥的響應時間無影響;閥芯質量、小孔半徑對滿弓型2D閥的影響大;小孔初始弓高對兩者影響均很大;滿弓型在質量為21.58g時響應速度最快,達到0.7ms,圓孔型2D閥一般都在1ms左右。最后對圓孔型2D閥進行了實驗研究,實驗結果表明,圓孔型2D閥的零位泄漏量很小,動態(tài)響應性能基本符合仿真結果。 本文各章內(nèi)容如下: 第一章,詳細介紹了2D伺服閥的結構組成與工作原理,并對電液數(shù)字控制元件進行分析,提出了2D閥采用混合式步進電機作為電—機械轉換元件,并對步進電機采用連續(xù)跟蹤算法; 第二章,分析2D伺服閥運動的基本方程,對圓孔型2D閥的小孔流量方程進行推導,建立高、低壓小孔的連續(xù)性方程以及閥芯的力平衡方程等非線性模型,采用同樣的方法建立了滿弓型2D伺服閥的非線性模型,并對圓孔型2D伺服閥進行線性化處理,求出其傳遞函數(shù)。 第三章,分別對圓孔型2D伺服閥與滿弓型2D伺服閥進行仿真比較,分析兩者在閥體結構參數(shù)改變時,閥芯軸向位移的階躍響應特性存在差異,滿弓型2D閥的響應速度快于圓孔型,如滿弓型2D閥當質量為21.58g時,響應速度最快,達到0.7ms,圓孔型2D閥一般都在1ms左右。 第四章,搭建2D伺服閥的實驗測試平臺,對圓孔型2D閥進行實驗零位泄漏量進行理論與實驗研究,測試了圓孔型2D閥的靜態(tài)與動態(tài)響應特性,圓孔型2D閥具有良好的靜態(tài)重復特性(重復精度與分辨率都在1%之內(nèi))、零位泄漏小(工作壓力21MPa下其泄漏量為0.6L/min)以及階躍響應過渡時間短(約8ms)等優(yōu)點。
[Abstract]:The electro-hydraulic servo valve, as the key element in the electro-hydraulic servo control system, and the bridge connecting the electrical and hydraulic components, determine the performance of the whole system to a great extent. With the development of industry, the requirements of large flow rate, fast response, high frequency bandwidth, high control precision, strong anti-pollution ability and low price are put forward for the electro-hydraulic servo valve, which can be directly controlled by computer, and does not require a D / A converter. Besides good linear repeatability, it has the advantages of fast response speed, strong anti-pollution ability, small zero leakage and high conversion precision. It can be used in electro-hydraulic servo system. In this paper, the circular 2D servo valve and the full bow 2D servo valve are taken as the research objects, and the difference in dynamic response between them when the resistance half-bridge changes is analyzed. The nonlinear models of circular 2D servo valve and full bow 2D valve are established respectively, and the linear treatment of circular hole 2D valve is made, and the comparison between round hole 2D valve and full bow 2D valve is carried out by using the established nonlinear model and simulation software. The simulation results show that the length of the sensitive cavity, the radius of the valve core, the working pressure of the system have little effect on the step transition time of the full bow 2D valve, the spiral groove lift angle has no effect on the response time of the full bow 2D valve, the quality of the valve core, The radius of the hole has a great influence on the full arch 2D valve, the initial bow height of the small hole has a great influence on both of them, and the full arch type has the fastest response speed of 0.7 Ms when the mass is 21.58 g, and the circular hole type 2D valve is generally about 1ms. The experimental results show that the zero leakage of the circular 2D valve is very small and the dynamic response performance is basically consistent with the simulation results. The contents of each chapter are as follows: in the first chapter, the structure and working principle of 2D servo valve are introduced in detail, and the electro-hydraulic digital control element is analyzed, and the hybrid stepping motor is used as the electro-mechanical conversion element in 2D valve. In the second chapter, the basic equation of 2D servo valve motion is analyzed, and the flow equation of small hole of circular 2D valve is deduced. The nonlinear models such as continuity equation of low pressure orifice and force balance equation of valve core are used to establish the nonlinear model of full bow 2D servo valve, and linearization of circular hole 2D servo valve is carried out, and its transfer function is obtained. In the third chapter, the circular 2D servo valve and the full bow 2D servo valve are simulated and compared, and the step response characteristics of the spool axial displacement are analyzed when the valve body structure parameters are changed. The response speed of full bow 2D valve is faster than that of round hole type. For example, when the mass of full bow 2D valve is 21.58 g, the response speed is the fastest, up to 0.7 Ms, and the circular hole 2D valve is generally about 1ms. In the fourth chapter, the experimental test platform of 2D servo valve is built, and the experimental zero leakage of circular 2D valve is studied theoretically and experimentally, and the static and dynamic response characteristics of circular 2D valve are tested. The circular hole 2D valve has the advantages of good static repetition (within 1% repetition accuracy and resolution), small zero leakage (0.6L/min leakage under working pressure 21MPa) and short step response transition time (about 8ms).
【學位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH137.52

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