【摘要】：往復(fù)機(jī)械廣泛應(yīng)用在工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸、國(guó)防以及科學(xué)研究等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域中,其具有結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,激勵(lì)源多等特點(diǎn),在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中,一旦發(fā)生故障,不僅會(huì)影響工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程,造成巨大損失,還會(huì)帶來一系列安全問題。因此,為了保證機(jī)組安全運(yùn)行,生產(chǎn)企業(yè)急需一套經(jīng)濟(jì)、可靠的往復(fù)壓縮機(jī)故障診斷系統(tǒng)對(duì)壓縮機(jī)故障進(jìn)行早期預(yù)測(cè)、監(jiān)測(cè)及診斷。 機(jī)械設(shè)備的狀態(tài)檢測(cè)與評(píng)估是識(shí)別設(shè)備運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的科學(xué),它研究的對(duì)象是機(jī)器或機(jī)組運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的變化在診斷信息中的反映,研究?jī)?nèi)容包括設(shè)備運(yùn)行過程中的監(jiān)測(cè),運(yùn)行發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的預(yù)測(cè)以及運(yùn)行現(xiàn)狀的識(shí)別診斷三個(gè)方面。隨著新理論、新技術(shù)和新方法不斷涌現(xiàn)和日趨完善,機(jī)械設(shè)備的狀態(tài)檢測(cè)與評(píng)估技術(shù)得到了快速發(fā)展,此項(xiàng)技術(shù)已基本形成了一個(gè)學(xué)科體系,走向一條良性循環(huán)的發(fā)展道路。 本文首先在查閱了大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合分析了機(jī)械設(shè)備故障診斷技術(shù)的基本理論、基本方法,介紹了壓縮機(jī)故障診斷技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及主要問題。其次,介紹了2D12型往復(fù)式壓縮機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)其主要部件的常見故障進(jìn)行了機(jī)理分析,并針對(duì)不同故障采用不同的故障診斷方法進(jìn)行信號(hào)分析和故障特征提取,建立一套適用于往復(fù)式壓縮機(jī)的故障診斷系統(tǒng)。最后本文在壓縮機(jī)狀態(tài)預(yù)測(cè)方面做了一些嘗試,利用Lyapunov指數(shù)預(yù)測(cè)模型對(duì)往復(fù)壓縮機(jī)的狀態(tài)趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了短期和中期的預(yù)測(cè),并取得了較好的效果。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating machinery is widely used in many fields, such as industry, agriculture, transportation, national defense and scientific research. It has the characteristics of complex structure and many incentive sources. In actual production, once failure occurs, it will not only affect the process of industrial production. Cause huge loss, also can bring a series of safety problems. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of the unit, production enterprises urgently need a set of economic and reliable reciprocating compressor fault diagnosis system for early prediction, monitoring and diagnosis of compressor faults. The condition detection and evaluation of mechanical equipment is the science of identifying the operating state of the equipment. The object of its research is the reflection of the change of the running state of the machine or the unit in the diagnosis information. The research content includes the monitoring during the operation of the equipment. The forecast of the development trend of operation and the recognition and diagnosis of operation status. With the rapid development of new theory, new technology and new methods, the state detection and evaluation technology of mechanical equipment has been developed rapidly. This technology has basically formed a discipline system and moved towards a virtuous cycle of development. In this paper, the basic theory and method of mechanical equipment fault diagnosis technology are analyzed, and the development and main problems of compressor fault diagnosis technology are introduced. Secondly, the structure of 2D12 reciprocating compressor is introduced, the mechanism of common faults of its main components is analyzed, and different fault diagnosis methods are used for signal analysis and fault feature extraction for different faults. A fault diagnosis system for reciprocating compressors is established. Finally, this paper makes some attempts in the compressor state prediction, using the Lyapunov exponent prediction model to predict the state trend of reciprocating compressor in the short and medium term, and has achieved good results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH45;TH165.3

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