【摘要】：隨著物流業(yè)的發(fā)展,叉車作為一種功能廣泛、機動性強的物料搬運裝卸設(shè)備,得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。叉車行業(yè)也進入了一個較快的發(fā)展時期,叉車的研究和設(shè)計水平也不斷提高。但是叉車工作過程中的振動和噪聲問題突出,已經(jīng)成為叉車設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)水平進一步提高的瓶頸。目前國內(nèi)外對車輛振動和噪聲制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)越來越嚴(yán)格,如何解決振動和噪聲問題成了叉車行業(yè)存在和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素。 本文以某型3噸叉車為研究對象,對其振動性能進行了探索性研究。按照本文分析的需要以及有限元的建模要求,把該型3噸叉車的整車結(jié)構(gòu)劃分為護頂架、車架、驅(qū)動橋、轉(zhuǎn)向橋和門架起升裝置等關(guān)鍵部件。在三維CAD軟件Solidworks中建立各個關(guān)鍵部件實體模型,并導(dǎo)入有限元軟件ANSYS系統(tǒng)形成有限元模型。 對叉車護頂架分別按照剛性連接和發(fā)動機蓋板懸置兩種方式進行了模態(tài)分析,得到了這些部件的固有頻率和振型。對叉車門架起升裝置按空載和滿載兩種工況進行模態(tài)分析,研究了貨物對門架起升裝置振動性能的影響。對驅(qū)動橋、轉(zhuǎn)向橋和平衡重等進行了振動模態(tài)分析,本文認(rèn)為這幾個構(gòu)件在整車分析中可以按梁或質(zhì)量單元進行簡化。 在ANSYS中,通過把各個關(guān)鍵部件進行組裝和連接,得到了該型叉車整車模型。對整車模型進行了模態(tài)分析,得到了該型叉車整車的固有頻率和振型。通過各個部件獨立模態(tài)分析和整車模態(tài)分析的結(jié)果對比,研究了叉車主要結(jié)構(gòu)部件的振型和頻率等振動參數(shù)在組裝成整車前后的變化以及它們的關(guān)系。 在模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上采用模態(tài)疊加法對該型叉車整車進行了諧響應(yīng)分析和受路面不平度激勵的瞬態(tài)分析,分析了整車各個關(guān)鍵部件的振動情況。并根據(jù)這些分析結(jié)果對叉車的動態(tài)性能做了相應(yīng)的分析評價。 通過對該型叉車的振動性能的綜合研究分析,提出了提高該產(chǎn)品振動性能的改進措施及途徑。
[Abstract]:With the development of logistics industry, forklift truck, as a kind of material handling equipment with wide function and strong mobility, has been more and more widely used. Forklift truck industry has also entered a relatively rapid development period, forklift research and design level is constantly improving. However, the vibration and noise problems of forklift truck have become a bottleneck to improve the design and production level of forklift truck. At present, the standards of vehicle vibration and noise are becoming more and more strict at home and abroad. How to solve the problem of vibration and noise has become a key factor for the existence and development of forklift truck industry. The vibration performance of a 3-ton forklift is studied in this paper. According to the need of this paper and the requirement of finite element modeling, the whole structure of the 3 ton forklift truck is divided into several key parts, such as roof guard, frame, drive axle, steering bridge and gantry hoisting device. The entity model of each key component is established in the 3D CAD software Solidworks, and the finite element model is formed by introducing the finite element software ANSYS system. The modal analysis of forklift roof support is carried out according to rigid connection and engine cover mount respectively. The natural frequency and vibration mode of these parts are obtained. The modal analysis of the hoisting device of the door frame of forklift truck is carried out under the two working conditions of no-load and full-load, and the influence of the cargo on the vibration performance of the hoisting device is studied. Vibration modal analysis of drive axle, steering bridge and balance weight is carried out. It is considered in this paper that these components can be simplified by beam or mass element in the whole vehicle analysis. In ANSYS, the model of forklift truck is obtained by assembling and connecting the key parts. The modal analysis of the whole vehicle model is carried out, and the natural frequency and vibration mode of the forklift truck are obtained. By comparing the results of the independent modal analysis of each component with the results of the modal analysis of the whole vehicle, the vibration parameters of the main structural components of the forklift before and after the assembly of the vehicle are studied, and the relationship between the vibration parameters and the vibration parameters of the main structural parts of the forklift is studied. On the basis of modal analysis, modal superposition method is used to analyze the harmonic response of the forklift truck and the transient analysis of the road roughness excitation, and the vibration of the key parts of the vehicle is analyzed. According to these results, the dynamic performance of forklift truck is evaluated. Through the comprehensive study and analysis of the vibration performance of the forklift truck, the improvement measures and ways to improve the vibration performance of the product are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH242

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 衛(wèi)良保;曾龍修;;叉車車架有限元模態(tài)分析與結(jié)構(gòu)改進[J];工程機械;2012年03期

2 衛(wèi)良保;李甲;;叉車車架的動態(tài)特性與減振分析[J];建筑機械;2012年05期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周盼;叉車液力傳動系統(tǒng)匹配研究[D];太原科技大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2205102