【摘要】：隨著物流業(yè)的發(fā)展,叉車(chē)作為一種功能廣泛、機(jī)動(dòng)性強(qiáng)的物料搬運(yùn)裝卸設(shè)備,得到越來(lái)越廣泛的應(yīng)用。叉車(chē)行業(yè)也進(jìn)入了一個(gè)較快的發(fā)展時(shí)期,叉車(chē)的研究和設(shè)計(jì)水平也不斷提高。但是叉車(chē)工作過(guò)程中的振動(dòng)和噪聲問(wèn)題突出,已經(jīng)成為叉車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)水平進(jìn)一步提高的瓶頸。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)車(chē)輛振動(dòng)和噪聲制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)越來(lái)越嚴(yán)格,如何解決振動(dòng)和噪聲問(wèn)題成了叉車(chē)行業(yè)存在和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素。 本文以某型3噸叉車(chē)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其振動(dòng)性能進(jìn)行了探索性研究。按照本文分析的需要以及有限元的建模要求,把該型3噸叉車(chē)的整車(chē)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分為護(hù)頂架、車(chē)架、驅(qū)動(dòng)橋、轉(zhuǎn)向橋和門(mén)架起升裝置等關(guān)鍵部件。在三維CAD軟件Solidworks中建立各個(gè)關(guān)鍵部件實(shí)體模型,并導(dǎo)入有限元軟件ANSYS系統(tǒng)形成有限元模型。 對(duì)叉車(chē)護(hù)頂架分別按照剛性連接和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)蓋板懸置兩種方式進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得到了這些部件的固有頻率和振型。對(duì)叉車(chē)門(mén)架起升裝置按空載和滿載兩種工況進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,研究了貨物對(duì)門(mén)架起升裝置振動(dòng)性能的影響。對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋、轉(zhuǎn)向橋和平衡重等進(jìn)行了振動(dòng)模態(tài)分析,本文認(rèn)為這幾個(gè)構(gòu)件在整車(chē)分析中可以按梁或質(zhì)量單元進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化。 在ANSYS中,通過(guò)把各個(gè)關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行組裝和連接,得到了該型叉車(chē)整車(chē)模型。對(duì)整車(chē)模型進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得到了該型叉車(chē)整車(chē)的固有頻率和振型。通過(guò)各個(gè)部件獨(dú)立模態(tài)分析和整車(chē)模態(tài)分析的結(jié)果對(duì)比,研究了叉車(chē)主要結(jié)構(gòu)部件的振型和頻率等振動(dòng)參數(shù)在組裝成整車(chē)前后的變化以及它們的關(guān)系。 在模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上采用模態(tài)疊加法對(duì)該型叉車(chē)整車(chē)進(jìn)行了諧響應(yīng)分析和受路面不平度激勵(lì)的瞬態(tài)分析,分析了整車(chē)各個(gè)關(guān)鍵部件的振動(dòng)情況。并根據(jù)這些分析結(jié)果對(duì)叉車(chē)的動(dòng)態(tài)性能做了相應(yīng)的分析評(píng)價(jià)。 通過(guò)對(duì)該型叉車(chē)的振動(dòng)性能的綜合研究分析,提出了提高該產(chǎn)品振動(dòng)性能的改進(jìn)措施及途徑。
[Abstract]:With the development of logistics industry, forklift truck, as a kind of material handling equipment with wide function and strong mobility, has been more and more widely used. Forklift truck industry has also entered a relatively rapid development period, forklift research and design level is constantly improving. However, the vibration and noise problems of forklift truck have become a bottleneck to improve the design and production level of forklift truck. At present, the standards of vehicle vibration and noise are becoming more and more strict at home and abroad. How to solve the problem of vibration and noise has become a key factor for the existence and development of forklift truck industry. The vibration performance of a 3-ton forklift is studied in this paper. According to the need of this paper and the requirement of finite element modeling, the whole structure of the 3 ton forklift truck is divided into several key parts, such as roof guard, frame, drive axle, steering bridge and gantry hoisting device. The entity model of each key component is established in the 3D CAD software Solidworks, and the finite element model is formed by introducing the finite element software ANSYS system. The modal analysis of forklift roof support is carried out according to rigid connection and engine cover mount respectively. The natural frequency and vibration mode of these parts are obtained. The modal analysis of the hoisting device of the door frame of forklift truck is carried out under the two working conditions of no-load and full-load, and the influence of the cargo on the vibration performance of the hoisting device is studied. Vibration modal analysis of drive axle, steering bridge and balance weight is carried out. It is considered in this paper that these components can be simplified by beam or mass element in the whole vehicle analysis. In ANSYS, the model of forklift truck is obtained by assembling and connecting the key parts. The modal analysis of the whole vehicle model is carried out, and the natural frequency and vibration mode of the forklift truck are obtained. By comparing the results of the independent modal analysis of each component with the results of the modal analysis of the whole vehicle, the vibration parameters of the main structural components of the forklift before and after the assembly of the vehicle are studied, and the relationship between the vibration parameters and the vibration parameters of the main structural parts of the forklift is studied. On the basis of modal analysis, modal superposition method is used to analyze the harmonic response of the forklift truck and the transient analysis of the road roughness excitation, and the vibration of the key parts of the vehicle is analyzed. According to these results, the dynamic performance of forklift truck is evaluated. Through the comprehensive study and analysis of the vibration performance of the forklift truck, the improvement measures and ways to improve the vibration performance of the product are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH242

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 衛(wèi)良保;曾龍修;;叉車(chē)車(chē)架有限元模態(tài)分析與結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)[J];工程機(jī)械;2012年03期

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周盼;叉車(chē)液力傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)匹配研究[D];太原科技大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2205102