【摘要】：門座起重機(jī)在港口經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中起著不可或缺的重要作用,然而受自然條件的影響,門座起重機(jī)容易腐蝕,再加上作業(yè)頻繁,疲勞破壞的現(xiàn)象極為普遍,每一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的金屬結(jié)構(gòu)部件,只要它承受反復(fù)載荷的作用,都可能發(fā)生裂紋萌生、擴(kuò)展,并導(dǎo)致突然斷裂的疲勞破壞,國(guó)內(nèi)港口每年都因起重設(shè)備作業(yè)造成大量的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失和人身傷害事故,研究并預(yù)防事故的發(fā)生對(duì)社會(huì)的安全生產(chǎn)具有重大的意義�！镀鹬貦C(jī)械定期檢驗(yàn)規(guī)則》TSG Q7015-2008中第十四條內(nèi)容要求:對(duì)于使用時(shí)間超過15年以上、處于嚴(yán)重腐蝕環(huán)境(如海邊、潮濕地區(qū)等)或者強(qiáng)風(fēng)區(qū)域、使用頻率高的大型起重機(jī)械,應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)具體情況有針對(duì)性地增加其他檢驗(yàn)手段,必要時(shí)根據(jù)大型起重機(jī)械實(shí)際安全狀況和使用單位安全管理水平能力,進(jìn)行安全評(píng)估。 針對(duì)門座起重機(jī)金屬結(jié)構(gòu)的主要破壞形式:疲勞斷裂,作者將本地港口一臺(tái)使用年限超過15年的門座起重機(jī)作為研究對(duì)象,以Miner疲勞損傷累積理論和雨流計(jì)數(shù)法為理論基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用動(dòng)態(tài)應(yīng)力分析儀和靜態(tài)應(yīng)力分析儀采集各種工況的使用應(yīng)力并整理該門座起重機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和一個(gè)工作日內(nèi)的實(shí)際工作參數(shù),對(duì)照各項(xiàng)疲勞參數(shù)值并最終推導(dǎo)出疲勞剩余壽命計(jì)算公式,為港口門座起重機(jī)疲勞剩余壽命評(píng)估提供可行的方法和手段,對(duì)準(zhǔn)確估算門座起重機(jī)疲勞剩余壽命提供科學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)。 本研究成果能夠相對(duì)準(zhǔn)確地估算出港口門座起重機(jī)的剩余壽命,對(duì)減少門座起重機(jī)疲勞破壞事故的發(fā)生,指導(dǎo)起重機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)、制造和特種設(shè)備的檢驗(yàn)分析具有重要意義,為特種設(shè)備現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)提供新的有效方法,并為我國(guó)建立特種設(shè)備安全動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)管機(jī)制提供技術(shù)支撐,對(duì)確保門座起重機(jī)的合理利用和指導(dǎo)設(shè)備安全運(yùn)行有著重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Gantry cranes play an indispensable and important role in port economic construction. However, due to the influence of natural conditions, gantry cranes are prone to corrosion, coupled with frequent operations, and fatigue damage is very common. Every moving part of a metal structure, as long as it is subjected to repeated loads, may cause crack initiation, propagation, and fatigue failure caused by sudden fracture. Every year, a large number of property losses and personal injury accidents are caused by lifting equipment operations in domestic ports. The study and prevention of accidents is of great significance to the safety of production in society. Article 14 of TSG Q7015-2008 requires that for a period of more than 15 years, it is in a serious corrosive environment (such as seaside). In humid areas, or in strong wind areas, large lifting appliances with high frequency should be added to other inspection methods according to specific conditions, Evaluate the safety of large crane according to the actual safety condition and the safety management ability of the user when necessary. In view of the main failure form of portal crane metal structure: fatigue fracture, the author takes a portal crane with service life of more than 15 years in local port as the research object, based on Miner fatigue damage accumulation theory and rain flow counting method. The dynamic stress analyzer and static stress analyzer are used to collect the working stress of the gantry crane and to arrange the design parameters of the gantry crane and the actual working parameters within one working day. According to the fatigue parameter values and finally the formula of fatigue residual life is deduced, which provides a feasible method and means for evaluating the fatigue residual life of port gantry cranes, and provides scientific data for accurately estimating the fatigue residual life of portal cranes. The results of this study can estimate the residual life of port gantry cranes relatively accurately. It is of great significance to reduce the occurrence of fatigue damage accidents of gantry cranes, guide the design, manufacture of cranes and test and analysis of special equipment. It is of great significance to provide a new effective method for the field inspection of special equipment and to provide technical support for the establishment of a dynamic supervision mechanism for the safety of special equipment in our country. It is of great significance to ensure the rational use of gantry cranes and to guide the safe operation of the equipment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：TH213.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 左治興;朱必勇;孫學(xué)森;易斌;;橋式起重機(jī)典型事故分析及安全管理[J];工業(yè)安全與環(huán)保;2006年10期

2 倪侃;隨機(jī)疲勞累積損傷理論研究進(jìn)展[J];力學(xué)進(jìn)展;1999年01期

3 劉長(zhǎng)虹，劉渭祈;同時(shí)考慮模糊性時(shí)橋式起重機(jī)主梁疲勞失效概率的分析方法[J];機(jī)械強(qiáng)度;1994年01期

4 徐永春,王者靜,林云;塔式起重機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)件安全壽命評(píng)估[J];建筑機(jī)械;2003年11期

5 陳欣,項(xiàng)昌樂,鄭慕僑;車輛傳動(dòng)系多工況隨機(jī)載荷譜的統(tǒng)計(jì)處理方法[J];汽車工程;1999年04期

6 吳功平,吳志鋒,胡杰,曹鋒;大型起重機(jī)械剩余壽命評(píng)估系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫[J];起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械;2002年08期

7 張朋,王凱暉,李梅山;塔式起重機(jī)的使用年限和淘汰策略[J];起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械;2001年04期

8 賀小平;高崇仁;;起重機(jī)焊接箱形梁存在裂紋缺陷的可靠度估算[J];起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械;2006年08期

9 須雷;起重機(jī)的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)方法[J];起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械;1996年08期

10 華小洋;核電站搬運(yùn)核廢料起重機(jī)的故障樹分析[J];中國(guó)安全科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：2184744