【摘要】：齒輪傳動由于具有承載能力大、傳動精度高、傳動功率恒定等特點,所以被廣泛的應(yīng)用于機械、汽車、航天航空等各個領(lǐng)域。但是由于齒輪系統(tǒng)本身的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、工作環(huán)境惡劣等因素的影響,使得齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)往往很容易出現(xiàn)故障。其中有些故障會對生產(chǎn)造成很大的影響,甚至可能引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的安全事故,所以避免齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障具有非常重要的意義。而在齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)故障中,有高達(dá)60%的故障是由齒輪類故障引發(fā)的,因此齒輪故障的研究成為了一項十分重要的工作。 在齒輪的各種失效形式中,齒根裂紋的存在往往會降低輪齒的嚙合剛度,使輪齒齒廓偏離嚙合位置,導(dǎo)致輪齒不能正確嚙合,在故障輪齒入嚙和脫嚙時引起的沖擊載荷進(jìn)一步增大,如果形成惡性循環(huán),裂紋就會迅速擴展,最終導(dǎo)致斷齒或其它事故的發(fā)生,所以掌握裂紋在系統(tǒng)運轉(zhuǎn)過程中的動態(tài)響應(yīng),就顯得尤為重要了。利用計算機對齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行動態(tài)仿真,既可以模擬其運行行為和工作狀態(tài),還可以證實該系統(tǒng)功能和性能的可用性及可靠性,從而降低設(shè)計成本,縮短開發(fā)周期,并提高產(chǎn)品的可靠性。因此,本文通過有限元分析和數(shù)值計算相結(jié)合的方法模擬了單級齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)在有、無裂紋狀態(tài)下系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應(yīng),主要完成了以下幾方面的工作： 1)對齒輪常見的失效形式、特征及影響齒輪失效的主要因素進(jìn)行了分析。 2)通過ANSYS的APDL語言,采用自底向上的建模方法分別建立無故障和含齒根裂紋的兩對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漸開線直齒圓柱齒輪的有限元模型,通過有限元分析得到齒輪副嚙合過程中接觸點的應(yīng)力云圖和齒輪的扭轉(zhuǎn)角度。 3)利用有限元分析得到的齒輪嚙合扭轉(zhuǎn)角計算出一定扭矩下,輪齒完成一次嚙合時所有位置的扭轉(zhuǎn)嚙合剛度值,分別得到有、無裂紋齒輪的扭轉(zhuǎn)嚙合剛度曲線,并對兩條曲線的變化規(guī)律和存在的差異進(jìn)行比較分析。 4)建立齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)模型,采用MATLAB的數(shù)值計算方法對動力學(xué)方程組進(jìn)行求解,分別得到有裂紋和無裂紋齒輪系統(tǒng)的動力學(xué)仿真曲線,分析裂紋對系統(tǒng)動態(tài)響應(yīng)的影響。 5)設(shè)計試驗,測量實際運轉(zhuǎn)過程中,齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)響應(yīng)。通過對比試驗結(jié)果和仿真結(jié)果,驗證本文采用的模擬方法是有效、可行的。 通過對齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行整體仿真,掌握齒根裂紋對系統(tǒng)動態(tài)響應(yīng)的影響,從而為齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)中齒輪故障診斷的研究提供新方法。
[Abstract]:Gear transmission is widely used in mechanical, automotive, aerospace and other fields because of its high bearing capacity, high transmission precision, constant transmission power and so on. However, due to the complex structure of the gear system and the bad working environment, the gear transmission system is prone to failure. Some of the faults will have a great impact on the production, and may even lead to serious safety accidents, so it is very important to avoid the failure of the gear transmission system. In the gear transmission system, up to 60% of the faults are caused by the gear fault, so the research of gear fault has become a very important work. In all kinds of failure forms of gear, the existence of tooth root crack often reduces the meshing stiffness of gear tooth, makes gear tooth profile deviate from meshing position, and leads to gear tooth not engaging correctly. If a vicious circle is formed, the crack will expand rapidly and eventually lead to the occurrence of tooth breakage or other accidents, so the dynamic response of the crack in the operation of the system can be grasped. It is especially important. The dynamic simulation of gear transmission system by computer can not only simulate its running behavior and working state, but also verify the availability and reliability of the system's function and performance, thus reducing the design cost and shortening the development period. And improve the reliability of the product. Therefore, the dynamic response of single-stage gear transmission system in the presence and absence of cracks is simulated by means of finite element analysis and numerical calculation. The main works are as follows: 1) the common failure forms, characteristics and main factors affecting gear failure are analyzed. 2) the APDL language of ANSYS is used. The bottom-up modeling method is used to establish the finite element models of two pairs of standard involute cylindrical gears without fault and with root crack respectively. The stress cloud diagram of contact point and the torsional angle of gear are obtained by finite element analysis. 3) the gear meshing torsion angle obtained by finite element analysis is calculated under certain torque. The torsional meshing stiffness curve of the gear with no crack is obtained by the torsional meshing stiffness of all positions when the gear tooth is engaged in a single engagement, and the torsional meshing stiffness curve of the gear with no crack is obtained. The dynamic model of gear transmission system is established, and the dynamic equations are solved by the numerical calculation method of MATLAB. The dynamic simulation curves of cracked and cracked gear systems are obtained, and the influence of cracks on the dynamic response of the gear system is analyzed. 5) the dynamic response of the gear transmission system is measured during the actual operation. By comparing the experimental results with the simulation results, it is proved that the simulation method in this paper is effective and feasible. Through the overall simulation of the gear transmission system, the influence of the root crack on the dynamic response of the gear transmission system is grasped, thus providing a new method for the research of gear fault diagnosis in the gear transmission system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH132.41;TH165.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 雷新望;風(fēng)電機組行星齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2131232