【摘要】：本文針對球軸承在微重力、高低溫、高真空等極端條件共同作用下存在的“卡滯”現(xiàn)象展開研究。以推力球軸承為研究對象，綜合考慮其極端工況條件，，對其“卡滯”機(jī)理進(jìn)行理論研究，依據(jù)理論研究結(jié)果，建立推力球軸承多體動力學(xué)接觸有限元仿真的邊界條件，運(yùn)用有限元軟件模擬其啟動運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過程。 理論研究以失重為線索，分析了軸承各個零件在有、無重力條件下的運(yùn)動與受力狀態(tài)，確立了滾動體、保持架的運(yùn)動與受力狀態(tài)在有、無重力條件下存在著本質(zhì)差異，并確立其為研究對象；運(yùn)用動力學(xué)及摩擦學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論對軸承在極端條件下的“卡滯”機(jī)理進(jìn)行了理論研究，得出了“卡滯”機(jī)理：由于滾動體處于滾道空間內(nèi)特殊區(qū)域和特殊綜合條件下，在溫度變化造成滾道空間變小，再次啟動時轉(zhuǎn)矩明顯增大，從而產(chǎn)生“卡滯”現(xiàn)象，這種條件的出現(xiàn)是一種小概率事件；利用有限元軟件建立了推力球軸承多體動力學(xué)接觸有限元仿真模型，模擬了其在極端條件下的啟動運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過程，在大量算例中，有1例出現(xiàn)了符合上述條件的情況，驗證了理論分析的結(jié)果。 為開展微重力條件下的軸承試驗研究，本文提出了利用磁懸浮平衡重力的方法建立微重力條件的試驗裝置與標(biāo)定裝置，并對磁場中鋼球及保持架受力分布等進(jìn)行了仿真研究。 本文提出了利用磁懸浮平衡重力的原理方案；通過有限元軟件對滾動體、保持架在磁場中的受力進(jìn)行仿真計算，得到了電磁鐵對鋼球及保持架的引力分布規(guī)律，探索了建立重力平衡的條件，驗證了方案的可行性，同時為設(shè)計電磁場提供了理論依據(jù)。 根據(jù)上述研究結(jié)果，初步設(shè)計了電磁鐵結(jié)構(gòu)、軸承試驗機(jī)；為了糾正磁場力理論計算值的偏差，設(shè)計了標(biāo)定裝置，以期標(biāo)定結(jié)果為試驗裝置參數(shù)調(diào)整提供實際依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the phenomenon of "stagnation" of ball bearings under the action of microgravity, high and low temperature, high vacuum and other extreme conditions is studied. Taking thrust ball bearing as research object, considering its extreme working conditions, the mechanism of "stagnation" is studied theoretically. Based on the theoretical results, the boundary conditions of finite element simulation of multi-body dynamic contact of thrust ball bearing are established. Finite element software is used to simulate the start-up process. Based on the clue of weightlessness, this paper analyzes the movement and force state of each part of bearing under the condition of having or without gravity, and establishes the rolling body. There are essential differences between the movement and force state of the cage under the condition of having or without gravity. The basic theory of dynamics and tribology is used to study the mechanism of "stagnation" of bearings under extreme conditions. The mechanism of "lag" is obtained: because the rolling body is located in a special area and special synthesis conditions in the raceway space, the raceway space becomes smaller and the torque increases obviously when starting again, which results in the phenomenon of "stagnation". The emergence of this condition is a small probability event, the finite element simulation model of multi-body dynamic contact of thrust ball bearing is established by using finite element software, and the start-up operation process of thrust ball bearing under extreme conditions is simulated. In one case, the results of the theoretical analysis were verified. In order to carry out the experimental study of bearing under microgravity condition, a test device and calibration device for establishing microgravity condition by using the method of maglev equilibrium gravity is put forward, and the force distribution of steel ball and cage in magnetic field is simulated. In this paper, the principle scheme of using magnetic levitation to balance gravity is put forward, the force of rolling body and cage in magnetic field is simulated by finite element software, and the law of gravity distribution of electromagnet to steel ball and cage is obtained. The conditions for establishing gravity equilibrium are explored, the feasibility of the scheme is verified, and the theoretical basis for the design of electromagnetic field is provided. According to the above research results, the electromagnet structure and bearing testing machine are preliminarily designed, and in order to correct the deviation of the theoretical calculation value of magnetic field force, a calibration device is designed to provide a practical basis for the parameter adjustment of the test device.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH133.3

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