發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-15 22:31

【摘要】：液壓技術(shù)在現(xiàn)代機(jī)械工程和現(xiàn)代控制工程中應(yīng)用非常廣泛,已成為衡量工業(yè)化水平的重要標(biāo)志之一。在機(jī)械制造、建筑機(jī)械和化工機(jī)械等領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用廣泛,一直是國(guó)內(nèi)外研究的熱門之一。液壓同步控制實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法有閉環(huán)和開(kāi)環(huán)兩種,而采用液壓同步閥的液壓同步控制是開(kāi)環(huán)同步控制中最基本的控制形式,具有組成簡(jiǎn)單、易于控制和能承受較大偏載等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 典型的同步閥有換向活塞式和掛鉤式兩種,這種結(jié)構(gòu)幾十年來(lái)都未發(fā)生根本的改變,均存在結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、體積較大和同步精度低等問(wèn)題。對(duì)此,國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者已做了大量探索研究,但都沒(méi)有改變其基本結(jié)構(gòu)。這種同步閥的靜動(dòng)態(tài)性能可通過(guò)增大閥芯直徑來(lái)提高,但增大閥芯直徑,會(huì)增大閥芯質(zhì)量和摩擦,從而減弱同步閥性能,而且還會(huì)增大體積。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本論文通過(guò)對(duì)換向活塞式同步閥的結(jié)構(gòu)和建模分析,找到其問(wèn)題的根本,設(shè)計(jì)出了一種新型結(jié)構(gòu)的同步閥,具有同步性能好,體積小的特點(diǎn)。 本論文設(shè)計(jì)的新型同步閥分為新型分流閥和新型集流閥。主要以新型分流閥為分析研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模并借助AMESim軟件進(jìn)行仿真分析。通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)建模分析可知,影響新型分流閥性能的主要參數(shù)為固定節(jié)流孔直徑、壓力反饋活塞面積和閥芯、壓力反饋活塞及彈簧的總質(zhì)量。新型同步閥閥存在響應(yīng)死區(qū),可以通過(guò)增大壓力反饋活塞面積或減小閥芯與閥體內(nèi)孔之間的摩擦來(lái)減��；通過(guò)仿真分析可知,新型閥的計(jì)算速度同步誤差小于1%,較傳統(tǒng)的FJL-B20H型換向活塞式同步閥有明顯提高。同時(shí),借助AMESim仿真軟件,探索了固定節(jié)流孔直徑和壓力反饋活塞直徑對(duì)新型分流閥動(dòng)態(tài)性能的影響,得到一組主要尺寸的經(jīng)驗(yàn)優(yōu)化參數(shù)。通過(guò)仿真分析得出,改進(jìn)后其速度同步誤差小于0.6%；在負(fù)載壓差為30MPa的情況下,改進(jìn)后其動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)時(shí)間為0.475秒,且改進(jìn)后其體積為103.6×104mm3,僅約為FJL-B20H型換向活塞式同步閥的體積(207.36x104mm3)的二分之一,達(dá)到預(yù)期的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic technology is widely used in modern mechanical engineering and modern control engineering, and has become one of the important symbols to measure the level of industrialization. It is widely used in the fields of mechanical manufacturing, construction machinery and chemical machinery, and has been one of the hot research fields at home and abroad. There are two methods to realize hydraulic synchronous control: closed loop and open loop. Hydraulic synchronous control with hydraulic synchronous valve is the most basic control form in open loop synchronous control, which has many advantages such as simple composition, easy control and can withstand large offset load. There are two typical synchronous valves: reversing piston type and hook type. The structure of this kind of valve has not been changed fundamentally in recent decades. The structure is complicated, the volume is large and the synchronization accuracy is low. Scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research, but have not changed its basic structure. The static and dynamic performance of this kind of synchronous valve can be improved by increasing the diameter of the valve core, but increasing the diameter of the valve core will increase the quality and friction of the valve core, thus weakening the performance of the synchronous valve and increasing the volume. In order to solve the above problems, by analyzing the structure and modeling of commutative piston synchronous valve, a new type of synchronous valve with good synchronization performance and small volume is designed. The new synchronous valve designed in this paper is divided into a new type of diversion valve and a new type of collecting valve. Taking the new type of shunt valve as the research object, the mathematical modeling and simulation analysis are carried out with the aid of AMESim software. Through mathematical modeling and analysis, the main parameters affecting the performance of the new valve are fixed throttle diameter, pressure feedback piston area and valve core, pressure feedback piston and the total mass of spring. The new synchronous valve has a response dead zone, which can be reduced by increasing the pressure feedback piston area or reducing the friction between the spool and the inner hole of the valve body. The calculation speed synchronization error of the new valve is less than 1, which is obviously higher than that of the traditional FJL-B20H reversing piston synchronous valve. At the same time, with the aid of AMESim simulation software, the influence of the diameter of the fixed throttle hole and the diameter of the piston with pressure feedback on the dynamic performance of the new type of shunt valve is explored, and a set of empirical optimization parameters of the main dimensions are obtained. The simulation results show that the speed synchronization error is less than 0.6 and the dynamic response time is 0.475 seconds when the load pressure difference is 30 MPA. The volume of the improved valve is 103.6 脳 10 ~ 4mm ~ (3), which is only about 1/2 of the volume (207.36x104mm3) of the FJL-B20H reversing piston synchronous valve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TH137.52

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