本文選題：碳纖維復(fù)合材料 + 廢棄物��； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：碳纖維作為一種輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)的高性能材料而被廣泛應(yīng)用于航天航空、汽車制造業(yè)、建筑、鐵路、通訊、醫(yī)藥器材等行業(yè)；隨著新型飛機(jī)和汽車的大量投產(chǎn)及日常生活中“低碳”觀念的普及,碳纖維的需求量正在逐年大幅度增加。2007年12月發(fā)表的市場研究指出,世界碳纖維需求量將在2006到2014年間成倍增長。盡管碳纖維有眾多的優(yōu)點(diǎn),但是仍有一個不可回避的問題——碳纖維不可降解。隨著其應(yīng)用量的增加,隨之而來的污染問題也日趨嚴(yán)重。在歐洲,每年有將近1100噸的碳纖維復(fù)合材料廢棄物等待處理。因此,碳纖維的回收利用是一個極具吸引力的市場,它不僅以經(jīng)濟(jì)影響為向?qū)?同樣由于其對環(huán)境的正面影響而受到各國政府的關(guān)注。 目前,針對碳纖維復(fù)合材料廢棄物的回用問題,各工業(yè)大國都有自己的科研體系,目的是創(chuàng)建最高效和最經(jīng)濟(jì)可行的碳纖維回用體系。到目前為止,關(guān)于碳纖維回用的研究主要包括粉碎碳纖維增強(qiáng)塑料(CFRP),高溫分解碳纖維復(fù)合材料,催化分解或在真空環(huán)境下分解碳纖維復(fù)合材料,流化床處理碳纖維復(fù)合材料等等。這些都是基于碳纖維復(fù)合材料的回收利用,但當(dāng)碳纖維復(fù)合材料脫去樹脂后得到的碳纖維增強(qiáng)體大多數(shù)是以織物的形式存在,對于這些碳纖維增強(qiáng)體,目前常用的方法是制成短切纖維再利用,但是在性能上沒有競爭優(yōu)勢,使用的領(lǐng)域也有局限性。如何更好的利用這些碳纖維增強(qiáng)體,根據(jù)市場需求,將回用碳纖維制成連續(xù)碳纖維半成品,或者直接做成其它更有優(yōu)勢的碳纖維增強(qiáng)體結(jié)構(gòu),使其擁有更具競爭力的性能優(yōu)勢,同時進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大回用碳纖維的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,提高回用碳纖維的使用比重,這是本課題所要解決的問題。 本課題基于已經(jīng)存在的機(jī)械原理對碳纖維的回用體系進(jìn)行了針對性的設(shè)計與實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)M。對于碳纖維增強(qiáng)體的拆分系統(tǒng),設(shè)計了2套機(jī)械體系：梳理與精梳的混合機(jī)械體系和運(yùn)輸帶機(jī)械系統(tǒng)。針對碳纖維增強(qiáng)體拆分后的散落碳纖維束,設(shè)計了三套再整理系統(tǒng)：空氣整理法、半封閉V型槽振動法和一體化振動體系,目的是將其整理成可再次使用的連續(xù)順直的碳纖維紗線。 最后,通過原理分析和大量的模擬試驗(yàn),本課題成功的總結(jié)了一套完整的模擬機(jī)械體系,但是要實(shí)現(xiàn)其自動化后投入生產(chǎn)還需要投入更多的研究。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, construction, railway, communications, medical equipment and other industries as a light, high strength and high performance material. With the mass production of new aircraft and vehicles and the popularization of the concept of "low carbon" in daily life, the demand for carbon fiber is increasing year by year, according to a market study published in December 2007. World demand for carbon fiber will double between 2006 and 2014. Although carbon fiber has many advantages, but there is still an unavoidable problem-carbon fiber non-degradation. With the increase of its application, the pollution problem is becoming more and more serious. In Europe, nearly 1100 tons of carbon fiber composite waste is disposed of each year. Therefore, carbon fiber recycling is an attractive market, which is guided not only by economic impact, but also by governments because of its positive impact on the environment. At present, every industrial country has its own scientific research system in order to create the most efficient and economical carbon fiber reuse system. So far, the research on carbon fiber reuse mainly includes crushing carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), decomposing carbon fiber composites at high temperature, catalyzing decomposition or decomposing carbon fiber composites in vacuum. Fluidized bed treatment of carbon fiber composites and so on. These are based on the recycling of carbon fiber composites, but most of the carbon fiber reinforcements obtained when the carbon fiber composites are removed from the resin are in the form of fabrics, and for these carbon fiber reinforcements, At present, the commonly used method is to make short cut fiber, but there is no competitive advantage in performance, and there are some limitations in the field of use. How to make better use of these carbon fiber reinforcements, according to the market demand, the recycled carbon fiber into continuous carbon fiber semi-finished products, or directly into other more advantageous carbon fiber reinforcement structure, so that it has a more competitive performance advantage, At the same time, the application field of recycled carbon fiber is further expanded, and the proportion of recycled carbon fiber is increased, which is the problem to be solved in this subject. Based on the existing mechanical principle, the paper designs and simulates the reuse system of carbon fiber. For the separation system of carbon fiber reinforcements, two sets of mechanical systems are designed: carding and combing mixed mechanical system and transport belt mechanical system. Three sets of refinishing systems are designed for the scattered carbon fiber bundles after the separation of carbon fiber reinforcements: air finishing method, semi-closed V-groove vibration method and integrated vibration system. The aim is to reorganize it into continuous straight carbon fiber yarns that can be used again. Finally, through the principle analysis and a large number of simulation experiments, this paper successfully summarized a set of complete simulation mechanical system, but to realize its automation and put into production still need to invest more research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH122

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本文編號：2111497