本文選題：綠色技術(shù)壁壘 + 可持續(xù)發(fā)展��； 參考：《上海交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和貿(mào)易自由化進(jìn)程的加快，越來(lái)越多的國(guó)家和地區(qū)構(gòu)建起以技術(shù)法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、合格評(píng)定程序?yàn)橹饕獌?nèi)容的技術(shù)貿(mào)易壁壘，來(lái)達(dá)到保護(hù)環(huán)境、自然資源以及人類和動(dòng)植物的生命與健康的“可持續(xù)發(fā)展”目的。在人類社會(huì)面臨著日益嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題和持續(xù)發(fā)展挑戰(zhàn)的今天，世界各國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技發(fā)展卻極度不平衡，綠色技術(shù)壁壘不僅成為了發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)貿(mào)易保護(hù)的重要手段，也將是我國(guó)在WTO規(guī)則下捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家利益、維護(hù)公共利益的必然途徑。因此，對(duì)綠色技術(shù)壁壘進(jìn)行研究具有緊迫性、現(xiàn)實(shí)性。 我國(guó)進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品作為工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)裝備中的一部分，在不同時(shí)期為彌補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)技術(shù)、設(shè)備的空白，，推動(dòng)我國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展起到了不可或缺的補(bǔ)充作用。隨著中國(guó)的加工貿(mào)易持續(xù)做強(qiáng)，而一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的機(jī)械制造業(yè)處于飽和與轉(zhuǎn)型的過程，我國(guó)進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品在過去十年里快速增長(zhǎng)。這些主要來(lái)自美國(guó)、日本和歐盟等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品，尤其是二手設(shè)備的進(jìn)口，在很大程度上推進(jìn)了國(guó)內(nèi)工業(yè)企業(yè)的技術(shù)改造，縮小了某些領(lǐng)域與國(guó)外技術(shù)水平的差距。但是我們要看到，進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品也存在著許多涉及安全、衛(wèi)生和環(huán)保等方面的隱患。進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品到貨時(shí)，不僅以舊充新、質(zhì)次價(jià)高等情況屢有發(fā)生，在其安裝、調(diào)試、生產(chǎn)等過程中也可能造成環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重后果，甚至危及人類和動(dòng)植物的生命與健康。所以，開展對(duì)我國(guó)進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品的綠色技術(shù)壁壘研究，是為了形成適應(yīng)國(guó)際貿(mào)易規(guī)則的有效規(guī)制體系，實(shí)現(xiàn)促進(jìn)我國(guó)工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展與保障人民健康安全、保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的“雙贏”。 本文在回顧了綠色技術(shù)壁壘的發(fā)展和特點(diǎn)、梳理綠色技術(shù)壁壘的WTO相關(guān)內(nèi)容與法律規(guī)制的基礎(chǔ)上，通過分析我國(guó)進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電貿(mào)易存在的可持續(xù)發(fā)展矛盾、梳理我國(guó)現(xiàn)行進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品管理體系、篩選出其中的綠色技術(shù)保護(hù)措施并與國(guó)外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的綠色技術(shù)壁壘體系進(jìn)行對(duì)比，來(lái)找出我國(guó)進(jìn)口舊機(jī)電產(chǎn)品綠色技術(shù)壁壘的不成熟之處，從而提出內(nèi)部管理體制、外部貿(mào)易環(huán)境、公共社會(huì)氛圍三個(gè)層次的綠色技術(shù)保護(hù)體系優(yōu)化策略，為促進(jìn)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、維護(hù)公共利益的提供策略參考和操作方案。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of economic globalization and trade liberalization, more and more countries and regions have set up technical barriers to trade with technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures as the main content, in order to protect the environment. The purpose of sustainable development of natural resources and the life and health of human beings and animals and plants. Today, the human society is facing more and more serious environmental problems and sustainable development challenges, but the economic and technological development of the world is extremely unbalanced. Green technical barriers have not only become an important means for developed countries to realize trade protection. It will also be an inevitable way for our country to defend national interests and protect public interests under WTO rules. Therefore, it is urgent and realistic to study green technical barriers. As a part of the basic equipment of industry, the import of old electromechanical products in China has played an indispensable supplementary role in making up for the blank of domestic related technology and equipment in different periods and promoting the development of industrial industry in our country. As China's processing trade continues to strengthen, and some developed countries' machinery manufacturing industry is in the process of saturation and transformation, China's imports of old mechanical and electrical products have increased rapidly in the past decade. These used mechanical and electrical products, especially the imports of second-hand equipment, mainly from developed countries or regions such as the United States, Japan and the European Union, have to a large extent promoted the technological transformation of domestic industrial enterprises. It has narrowed the gap between the technical level of some fields and that of foreign countries. But we need to see that there are many hidden dangers related to safety, sanitation and environmental protection in the import of old mechanical and electrical products. When imported old mechanical and electrical products arrive, not only old filling, high quality and high price occur frequently, but also serious consequences of environmental pollution may be caused in the process of installation, commissioning and production, even endangering the life and health of human beings and animals and plants. Therefore, to carry out the research on green technical barriers to imported old mechanical and electrical products in China is to form an effective regulatory system adapted to the rules of international trade, to promote the development of China's industrial industry and to ensure the health and safety of the people. "Win-win" to protect the ecological environment. On the basis of reviewing the development and characteristics of green technical barriers, combing the relevant contents of WTO and legal regulations of green technical barriers, this paper analyzes the contradiction of sustainable development in China's import old mechanical and electrical trade. Combing the current management system of imported old mechanical and electrical products in our country, screening out the green technology protection measures among them and comparing them with the green technology barrier system of the developed countries abroad. To find out the immaturity of green technology barrier of imported old mechanical and electrical products in our country, and then put forward the optimization strategy of green technology protection system at three levels of internal management system, external trade environment and public social atmosphere, in order to promote the economic development of our country. Maintain the public interest to provide policy reference and operation plan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F426.4;F752.02

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