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  本文選題：大噸位 + 起重機(jī)��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：起重機(jī)是工程建設(shè)中不可或缺的工程機(jī)械之一，，在我國經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用。汽車起重機(jī)（屬輪式起重機(jī)類）在起重機(jī)眾多種類中更是具有特別突出位置，它以其機(jī)動性好，轉(zhuǎn)移迅速等優(yōu)點，在工程建設(shè)中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用�，F(xiàn)如今隨著負(fù)載重量和體積的增大，因此給汽車起重機(jī)包括整機(jī)的操控性、起升作業(yè)安全穩(wěn)定在內(nèi)等各方面性能提出了更高的考驗。起升液壓系統(tǒng)是起升機(jī)構(gòu)工作的動力和控制的重要手段。在起重機(jī)工作中，起升液壓系統(tǒng)二次提升時的動態(tài)性能優(yōu)劣更是直接影響著整機(jī)的起升效果。早期的起升機(jī)構(gòu)研究局限于中小噸位，一種普遍為解決二次下滑而采用的“被動補(bǔ)油”思路已不能適應(yīng)大噸位的起重機(jī)。為此，需要開發(fā)新的控制方案或改進(jìn)原有的設(shè)計思路。工程應(yīng)用當(dāng)中存在有一種“主動補(bǔ)油”的設(shè)計思路，例如：內(nèi)燃機(jī)車輔助燃油箱采用主動補(bǔ)油系統(tǒng)來保證機(jī)車可靠性和降低成本；變電站充油設(shè)備實行帶電主動補(bǔ)油策略減少設(shè)備停運次數(shù)和停運時間，以此提高供電可靠性和簡化充油設(shè)備的補(bǔ)油流程等應(yīng)用。本文以某企業(yè)一款現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)品為研究對象，在其“被動補(bǔ)油”的液壓起升原理基礎(chǔ)之上，借助液壓控制系統(tǒng)理論研究，提出“主動補(bǔ)油”策略對現(xiàn)有的液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了技術(shù)改進(jìn)，針對起升過程中負(fù)載出現(xiàn)二次下滑的問題，設(shè)計研究了合理的液壓控制策略。本文主要工作內(nèi)容有以下幾點： 1．本文將AMESim應(yīng)用于大噸位汽車起重機(jī)起升機(jī)構(gòu)液壓控制系統(tǒng)仿真中，研究了液壓系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)特性，對負(fù)載、起升機(jī)構(gòu)和閥控液壓馬達(dá)比例伺服控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模； 2．利用AMESim仿真實驗負(fù)載“靜止—起升”與“靜止—下降”兩種關(guān)鍵動作狀態(tài)，以此找出改進(jìn)的目標(biāo)和方向，并提出本文的改進(jìn)方案。 3．為消除二次下滑現(xiàn)象提出了“主動補(bǔ)油”策略，設(shè)計出液壓原理圖并搭建了相應(yīng)的仿真模型。 4．對比仿真分析經(jīng)典、“被動補(bǔ)油”和“主動補(bǔ)油”三種液壓起升原理的起升效果，結(jié)果表明，“主動補(bǔ)油”基本消除了大噸位起重機(jī)在起升過程當(dāng)中的二次下滑現(xiàn)象。 本文成功建立了大噸位起重機(jī)起升液壓系統(tǒng)的仿真模型，并進(jìn)行了仿真研究，其研究成果為大噸位起重機(jī)起升系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)、優(yōu)化和設(shè)計提供了理論基礎(chǔ)，同時將仿真技術(shù)引入起重機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計中，具有一定的理論意義和實用價值。
[Abstract]:Crane is one of the indispensable construction machinery in engineering construction, which plays an important role in the economic construction of our country. Truck crane (belonging to wheeled crane) is especially prominent in many kinds of cranes. It has been widely used in engineering construction because of its good mobility and rapid transfer. Nowadays, with the increase of load weight and volume, the performance of truck crane, including the control of the whole machine and the safety and stability of lifting operation, is put forward a higher test. Lifting hydraulic system is an important means of power and control of hoisting mechanism. In the work of crane, the dynamic performance of hoisting hydraulic system directly affects the lifting effect of the whole machine. The early study of hoisting mechanism was limited to medium and small tonnage, a kind of "passive oil supplement" thought adopted in order to solve the secondary slide has been unable to adapt to the crane with large tonnage. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new control schemes or improve the original design ideas. In engineering application, there is a design idea of "active oil filling". For example, the auxiliary fuel tank of diesel locomotive adopts active oil filling system to ensure the reliability of locomotive and reduce the cost; In order to improve the reliability of power supply and simplify the oil filling process of oil filling equipment in substation, the active charging strategy is adopted to reduce the outage times and outage time of the equipment. This paper takes an existing product of a certain enterprise as the research object, on the basis of its hydraulic hoisting principle of "passive oil replenishment", with the aid of the theory of hydraulic control system, This paper puts forward the "active oil filling" strategy to improve the existing hydraulic system. Aiming at the problem of the secondary sliding of the load in the process of hoisting, a reasonable hydraulic control strategy is designed and studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. This paper applies AMESim to the simulation of hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism of large-tonnage truck crane, and studies the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic system. Mathematical modeling of lifting mechanism and proportional servo control system of valve controlled hydraulic motor is carried out. 2. Using AMESim to simulate the two key action states of "static-hoisting" and "static-descent", In this way, the aim and direction of improvement are found out, and the improvement scheme of this paper is put forward. 3. In order to eliminate the phenomenon of secondary decline, the strategy of "active oil replenishment" is put forward. The hydraulic principle diagram is designed and the corresponding simulation model is built. 4. The lifting effect of three kinds of hydraulic lifting principles, namely "passive oil filling" and "active oil filling", is compared and analyzed. "active oil filling" basically eliminates the second slide in the lifting process of the large tonnage crane. In this paper, the simulation model of the lifting hydraulic system of the large tonnage crane is established successfully, and the simulation research is carried out. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the improvement, optimization and design of the hoisting system of the large tonnage crane. At the same time, it has certain theoretical significance and practical value to introduce the simulation technology into the hydraulic system design of crane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH213.6

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